Neurovasculature of the upper and lower limbs - S1P8 Flashcards
deck complete
pulse point of upper limbs
6 pulse points
axillary
brachial in mid arm
brachial in cubital fossa
radial in distal forearm
ulnar in distal forearm
radial in anatomical snuffbox
what does the subclavian artery supply
structures in neck, thoracic wall and entire upper limb
where does the right SCA arise from
brachiocephalic trunk
where does the left SCA arise from
aorta
progression of the subclavian artery
subclavian a., axillary a., brachial a., radial and ulnar a., superficial and deep palmar arches
borders of axillary artery
originates at lateral edge of first rib
terminates at lateral border of axilla - lower border of teres major
borders of brachial artery
runs superficially along medial border of biceps brachii
terminates at birfurcation in cubital fossa at neck of radius
what is profunda brachii
important branch of brachial artery
runs deep in the arm
radial and ulnar arteries
radial runs laterally
ulnar runs medially
both supply forearm and hand
deep veins of the upper limbs
accompany major arteries, have similar names
deep veins in the distal upper limb
paired and surround artery
deep veins in proximal upper limb
pairs merge to form single vessel
process of deep veins of the upper limb
palmar digital vv., palmar metacarpal vv., deep palmar venous arch
radial vv., anterior interosseous vv., ulnar vv.
brachial vv., thoracodorsal v., thoracoepigastric v., axillary v., subclavian v.
process of superficial veins of the upper limb
venous network system
superficial palmar venous arch
perforator vv., median basilic v., cephalic v., median antibrachial v.
basilic v., basilic hiatus, cephalic v., deltopectoral groove
main unpaired veins to know
cephalic vein, basilic vein, median cubital vein, antibrachial vein
major nerves of the upper limb
axillary
radial
musculocutaneous
ulnar
median
roots of brachial plexus
Nerves C5, 6, 7 and 8, and T1
Stemming from vertebral levels C4, 5, 6 and 7, and T1
trunks of the brachial plexus
superior - C5 and 6
middle - C7
inferior - C8 and T1
what does each trunk of the brachial plexus divide into
anterior and posterior divisions
what are the 3 cords of the brachial plexus
lateral
posterior
medial
what forms the lateral cord of the brachial plexus
anterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks
what forms the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
posterior divisions of superior, middle and inferior trunks
what forms the medial cord of the brachial plexus
anterior division of inferior trunk
what is the axillary nerve derived from
posterior cord of brachial plexus
what is the musculocutaneous nerve derived from
lateral cord of brachial plexus
what is the radial nerve derived from
posterior cord of the brachial plexus
what is the median nerve derived from
lateral and medial cords of brachial plexus
what is the ulnar nerve derived from
medial cord of brachial plexus
where does the first intercostal nerve derive from
T1 nerve root
where does the long thoracic nerve derive from
C5, 6 and 7 nerve roots
where do the medial cutaneous nerves derive from
medial cord of the brachial plexus
branches of the axillary nerve
muscular branch - serves deltoid and teres minor
cutaneous branch - serves skin over deltoid, regimental badge
C5, 6
what does the radial nerve supply
extensor aspect of upper limb
branches of radial nerve
main trunk
posterior interosseous branch
cutaneous branch
what is supplied by the musculocutaneous nerve
coracobrachialis, biceps and brachialis
what does the ulnar nerve supply
intrinsic muscles of the hand except thenar eminence and lumbricals 1 and 2
branches of the ulnar nerve
muscular and cutaneous branches
what is supplied by the median nerve
all muscles of the flexor aspect of the forearm except flexor carpi ulnaris
axillary neurovascular bundle
musculocutaneous nerve
median nerve
axillary vein
axillary artery
cephalic vein
neurovascular bundle in cubital fossa
from medial to lateral - NAV
median nerve
brachial artery
venae cominantes
pulse points of lower limbs
4 pulse points
- femoral
- popliteal
- dorsalis pedis
- posterior tibial
major artery supplying lower limb
femoral artery
process of arteries supplying lower limbs
abdominal aorta > common iliac a. > internal iliac a. > external iliac a. > femoral a. > popliteal a. > anterior tibial a. > dorsal pedal a.
popliteal artery
continuation of femoral artery
passes through tendinous opening in adductor magnus
what does the popliteal artery divide into
anterior and posterior tibial arteries
what is the main branch off the femoral artery
deep artery of the thigh
what is the main branch off the posterior tibial artery
fibular artery
deep venous return of lower limb
veins travel with major arteries and have similar names
route of superficial venous return
dorsal venous arch > small saphenous v. > popliteal v. > femoral v. > external iliac v. > common iliac v.
great saphenous vein feeds into femoral vein
where is the lumbar plexus derived from
L1-L4
which nerves stem from the lumbar plexis
main nerves - femoral and obturator nerves
also lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh and genitofemoral nerve
what forms the sacral plexus
anterior rami of S1-S4
lumbosacral trunk - L4/5
what does the sacral plexus supply
buttocks, perineum and lower limbs
terminal nerves of the sacral plexus
sciatic and pudendal nerves
branches of the femoral nerve
muscular - anterior compartment of thigh - quadriceps, sartorius, pectineus
cutaneous - medial side of leg, ankle and foot to great toe
branches of obturator nerve
muscular - to adductor muscles, gracilis and obturator externus
cutaneous - medial side of thigh
branches of sciatic nerve
tibial nerve
common fibular nerve
innervation of sciatic nerve
muscles of posterior thigh hamstrings - biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
adductor magnus (also served by obturator n.)
association of femoral nerve
anterior compartment of thigh
association of obturator nerve
medial compartment of thigh
association of sciatic nerve
posterior compartment of thigh
largest nerve in body
how deep is the great saphenous vein
very superficial
