Clinical Surface Anatomy

Question 1

what are landmarks

Answer 1

things you can palpate

Question 2

what are levels

Answer 2

planes that can be drawn from the body

Question 3

what are lines

Answer 3

lines drawn using landmarks to pinpoint anatomical locations

Question 4

approaches to visualising the neck

Answer 4

triangles and columns

Question 5

key surface landmarks of the neck

Answer 5

sternocleidomastoid
trapezius
mandible
clavicle

Question 6

anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 6

centred off hyoid bone
key for surgical airways

Question 7

posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 7

not planar - spirals
apex - posterior
base - anterior

Question 8

organomegaly of the trunk

Answer 8

liver - reidels lobe
gallbladder
pancreatic pseudocyst
spleen - 10th rib
kidneys

Question 9

extent of thorax

Answer 9

5th intercostal space/6th rib

Question 10

key planes of the trunk

Answer 10

sternal angle at T4/T5 - includes traches, thoracic duct, azygos arch, aortic arch
transpyloric plane at L1/L2

Question 11

9 regions of the abdomen

Answer 11

medial - epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric/suprapubic
lateral - hypochondrial, lumbar, iliac

Question 12

4 quadrants of the abdomen

Answer 12

left upper
left lower
right upper
right lower

Question 13

supracolic compartment

Answer 13

above transpyloric plane

Question 14

infracolic compartment

Answer 14

below transpyloric plane

Question 15

surface landmarks of the pelvis

Answer 15

anterior superior iliac spine
pubic tubercle
pubic symphysis
midpoint of inguinal ligament
mid-inguinal point

Question 16

surface landmarks of the hand

Answer 16

palm creases
wrist
anatomical snuffbox

Question 17

surface landmarks of the