Neurotransmitters and their Functions (p.2) Flashcards
Source
Neurons in many areas of the brain; Autonomic Nervous System
Acetylcholine
Major transmitter of the Parasympathetic Nervous System
Acetylcholine
Source
Brain stem
Hypothalamus
Dorsal horn of the spinal cord
Serotonin
Source
Neurons on the substantia nigra and basal ganglia
Dopamine
Source
Nerve terminals of the spinal cord
Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Some cortical areas
Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)
Major transmitter of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Norepinephrine
Source
Brain stem
Hypothalamus
Postganglionic neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Norepinephrine
Source
Nerve terminals in the spine
Brain stem
Thalamus and Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Enkephalin, Endorphin
Action
- Excitatory
- Affects mood and overall activity
Norepinephrine
Action
- Excitatory
- Parasympathetic effects sometimes inhibitory (stimulation of heart and vagal nerve)
Acetylcholine
Action
- Inhibitory
- Helps control mood and sleep
- Inhibits pain pathways
Serotonin
Action
- Inhibitory
- Affects behavior (attention, emotions), and fine movements
Dopamine
Action
- Excitatory
- Pleasurable sensation
- Inhibits pain transmission
Enkephalin, Endorphin
Excitatory neurons
- Acetylcholine
- Norepinephrine
- Enkephalin, Endorphin
Action
- Inhibitory
GABA
Inhibitory neurons
- Serotonin
- Dopamine
- GABA
