Eye Assessment Flashcards
Layers
Fibrous and protective
Outer layer or Tunic
Layers
Vascular in nature
Middle tunic layer
Layers
Sensitive layer that lines the interior of the eye and is sensory in nature
Innermost layer
Fluids in the eyes - it is divided by the lens into the __________ and the ________
Vitreous humor
Aqueous humor
Visual acuity
Newborn
20/100
Brief fixation
Limited binocular vision
Visual acuity
6 months
20/400
Binocular vision
Color vision near adult
Visual acuity
4yrs
20/50
Need large print books for near vision
Visual acuity
7yrs
20/20
Alignment
Eye turning inward
Esotropia
Alignment
Eye turning outward
Exotropia
Alignment
Eye turning upward
Hypertropia
Alignment
Eye turning downward
Hypotropia
PERRLA
Pupil
Equally
Round
Reactive to
Light and
Accommodation
Enlarged pupils, may indicate injury or glaucoma, or result from certain drugs (atropine)
Mydriasis
May indicate an inflammation of the iris or result from such drugs as morphine or pilocarpine
Miosis
Unequal pupils may result from a CNS disorder, however, slight variations may be normal
Anisocoria
The adjustment of the lens to change the focus of the eyes
Accommodation
Types of Refractive Errors
Rays coming from an object at a distance of 6m (20ft) or more are brought to a FOCUS ON THE RETINA BY THE LENS
Emmetropia (normal)
Types of Refractive Errors
Abnormal of Emmetropia
Ametropia
Types of Refractive Errors
Have deeper eyeballs
Rays of light coming from an object at a distance of 6m (20ft) or more are brought to a FOCUS IN FRONT OR SHORT OF THE RETINA
Myopia (Nearsightedness)
Types of Refractive Errors
Myopia (nearsightedness): corrective lenses
Concave lens
Types of Refractive Errors
Shallower eyeballs
Rays of light from a object at a distance of 6m (20ft) or more are brought to a FOCUS AT THE BACK OR BEYOND THE RETINA
Hyperopia (Farsightedness)
Types of Refractive Errors
Hyperopia (Farsightedness): corrective lenses
Convex lens
Types of Refractive Errors
Occurs when an abnormal curvature of the cornea can cause two focal points to fall in two different locations
Makes both near and far objects appear blurry
Astigmatism
Types of Refractive Errors
Caused when the center of the lens in the eye hardens so that it is unable to focus up close
This condition generally affects those over the age of 40s
Presbyopia
Types of Refractive Errors
Presbyopia: corrective lenses
Bifocals
Two corrective lenses
One for near vision or reading; the other for far vision
The passage of rays of light from an object through the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous humor to the retina, and its appreciation in the cerebral cortex
Vision
