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(MS 2) Nervous > Common Neurologic Manifestations: Primary and Secondary Headaches > Flashcards

Common Neurologic Manifestations: Primary and Secondary Headaches Flashcards

1
Q

One of the most common of all human physical complaints

A

Headache (Cephalgia)

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2
Q

Symptom rather than a disease entity

A

Headache (Cephalgia)

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3
Q

It may indicate organic disease (neurologic or other disease), a stress response, vasodilation (migraine), skeletal muscle tension (tension headache), or a combination of factors

No organic cause can be identified

A

Headache (Cephalgia)

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4
Q

Includes migraine, tension-type, and cluster headaches

A

Primary Headache

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5
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

A symptom complex characterized by periodic and recurrent attacks of severe headache

A

Migraine

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6
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Caused by primarily a vascular disturbance that occurs more commonly in women and has a strong familial tendency

A

Migraine

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7
Q

Migraine with aura: 4 phases

A
  1. Prodrome
  2. Aura
  3. Headache
  4. Recovery (headache termination and postdrome)
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8
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Experienced by more than 80% of adult migraine sufferers

A

Pre-Monitory (Prodrome)

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9
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Symptoms include depression, irritability, feeling cold, food cravings, anorexia, change in activity level, increased urination, diarrhea, or constipation.

A

Pre-Monitory (Prodrome)

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10
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Occur hours to days before a migraine headache

A

Pre-Monitory (Prodrome)

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11
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Characterized by focal neurologic symptoms, visual disturbances (i.e., light flashes and bright spots) are common and may be hemianopic (affecting only half of the visual field)

A

Aura Phase

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12
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Other symptoms that may follow include numbness and tingling of the lips, face, or hands; mild confusion; slight weakness of an extremity; drowsiness; and dizziness.

A

Aura Phase

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13
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Usually lasts less than an hour and may provide enough time for the pt to take the prescribed medication to avert a full-blown attack

A

Aura Phase

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14
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

As vasodilation and a decline in serotonin levels occur, a throbbing headache intensifies over several hours

A

Headache phase

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15
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

This headache is severe and incapacitating and is often associated with photophobia, N/V

A

Headache phase

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16
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Its duration varies, ranging from 4-72hrs

A

Headache phase

17
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Pain gradually subsides

A

Recovery phase (Termination and Postdrome)

18
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Muscle contraction in the neck and scalp is common, with associated muscle ache and localized tenderness, exhaustion, and mood change

A

Recovery phase (Termination and Postdrome)

19
Q

4 Phases of Migraine

Any physical exertion exacerbates the headache pain

During this post headache phase, patients may sleep for extended periods

A

Recovery phase (Termination and Postdrome)

20
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Characterized by a steady, constant feeling of pressure that usually begins in the forehead, temple, or back of the neck

A

Tension Headache

21
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Often bandlike or may be described as a “weight on top of my head”

A

Tension Headache

22
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Tend to be more chronic than severe and are probably the most common type of headache

A

Tension Headache

23
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Severe form of vascular headache

A

Cluster Headache

23
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Unilateral and come in clusters of one to eight daily, with excruciating pain localized to the eye and orbit and radiating to the facial and temporal regions

A

Cluster Headache

23
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

The pain is accompanied by watering of the eyes and nasal congestion

A

Cluster Headache

24
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Each attack lasts 30-90 minutes and may have a crescendo-decrescendo pattern

A

Cluster Headache

25
Q

Types of Headache (Primary Headache)

Often described as penetrating and steady

They are seen 5x more frequently in men than women

A

Cluster Headache

26
Q

Associated with an organic cause such as a brain tumor or aneurysm

A

Secondary Headache

27
Q

Serious disorders related to headache include:

a. Brain tumors
b. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
c. Stroke
d. Severe HPN
e. Meningitis
f. Head injuries

A

Secondary Headache

28
Q

Other type of Headache

Associated with inflammation (heat, redness, swelling, tenderness, or pain over the involved artery

Sometimes a tender, swollen, or nodular temporal artery is visible

A

Cranial arteritis

29
Q

Other types of Headache

Often begins with general manifestations such as
- fatigue
- malaise
- weight loss
- fever

A

Cranial arteritis

30
Q

Diagnostic Tests for Headache

A
  1. PE
  2. Detailed history
  3. CT Scan
  4. MRI
  5. Cerebral Angiography

(MS 2) Nervous (101 decks)

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