Neuron and Spinal Cord

Question 1

Spinal cord - dorsal root

contains sensory axons only; where posterior rootlets merge to form and further extend into a posterior root ganglion where the cell bodies of sensory neurons are located

Answer 1

Question 2

Spinal cord - ventral root

anteriorly, where multiple anterior rootlets arise from the spinal cord and merge to form a single root; contains motor axons only. motor axons arise from cell bodies in the anterior and lateral horns of the spinal cord

Answer 2

Question 3

Spinal cord - gray matter

centrally located, and its shape resembles an H or a butterfly; subdivided into anterior horns, lateral horns, posterior horns, and gray commisure

Answer 3

Question 4

Spinal cord - white matter

external to gray matter and partioned into three regions, posterior, anterior, and lateral funiculus

Answer 4

Question 5

Spinal cord - dorsal root ganglion

where the cell bodies of sensory neurons are located; attached to posterior root

Answer 5

Question 6

Spinal cord - dorsal column

contains ascending sensory pathways that carry information about tactile sensations and proprioception

Answer 6

Question 7

Spinal cord - ventral column

anterio region where white matter is subdivided

Answer 7

Question 8

Spinal cord - dorsal horn

left and right posterior masses of gray matter; axons of sensory neurons and the cell bodies of interneurons located here

Answer 8

Question 9

Spinal cord - ventral horn

left and right anterior masses of gray matter; primarily house the cell bodies of somatic motor neurons which innervate skeletal muscle

Answer 9

Question 10

Spinal cord - gray commissure

horizontal bar of gray matter that surrounds the central canal; primarily contains unmyelinated axons and serves as a communication route between the right and left sides of the gray matter

Answer 10

Question 11

Spinal cord - lateral column

slight protrusion of gray matter of spinal cord into the lateral funiculus of either side; present only in the thoracic and upper lumbar

Answer 11

Question 12

Spinal cord - central canal

hollow tube that runs the length of the spinal cord; filled with cerebral spinal fluid

Answer 12

Question 13

Spinal cord - spinal nerve

31 pairs of nerves that extend from the spinal cord to effector organs and sensory receptors to the spinal cord

Answer 13

Question 14

Spinal cord - denticulate ligaments

paired, lateral triangular extensions of the spinal pia mater that attach tot he dura mater; help suspend and anchor the spinal cord laterally to dura mater

Answer 14

Question 15

Spinal cord - dorsal ramus

posterior aspect of which spinal nerve branches into; innervates deep muscle of the back and skin of the back

Answer 15

Question 16

Spinal cord - ventral ramus

larger of two branches; splits into multiple other branches which innervate the anterior and lateral portions of the trunk, upper limbsm and lower limbs

many go to form nerve plexuses

Answer 16

Question 17

Spinal cord - dura mater

outermost of meninges; consists of a single meningeal later and provides stability to the spinal cord

Answer 17

Question 18

Spinal cord - arachnoid mater

deep to the dura mater; found only in tissue preparations, and in life it is merely a potential space

Answer 18

Question 19

Spinal cord - pia mater

deep to the subarachnoid space, is a delicate, innermost meningeal layer composed of elastic and collagen fibers

Answer 19

Question 20

Spinal cord - epidural adipose

space, filled with adipose tissue, within the canal lying outside the dura mater

Answer 20

Question 21

Spinal cord - subarachnoid space

separates the pia and arachnoid mater; contains cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 21

Question 22

formed by the anterior rami of the lower four cervical nerves and first thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1); extends from the spinal cord, through the cervicoaxillary canal in the neck, over the rib and into the armpit

Answer 22

Nerves that emerge from brachial plexus

Question 23

formed by the lower thoracic and lumbar ventral nerve roots (T12 - L5) which supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower limb and pelvic girdle

Answer 23

Nerves that emerge from lumbar plexus

Question 24

formed by the communication of the anterior division of the upper four cervical nerves (C1-C4)

Answer 24

Nerves that emerge from the cervical plexus

Question 25

formed by the anterior rami of the sacral spinal nerves S1, S2, S3, and S4; supplies the skin and muscles of the pelvis and lower limb

Answer 25

Nerves that emerge from the sacral plexus

Question 26

Neuron - cell body (soma)

Answer 26

Question 27

Neuron - axon

Answer 27

Question 28

Neuron - node of ranvier

Answer 28

Question 29

Neuron - nucleus

Answer 29

Question 30

Neuron - axon terminus

Answer 30

Question 31

Neuron - axon hillock

Answer 31

Question 32

Neuron - dendrites

Answer 32

Question 33

Neuron - myelin sheath

Answer 33

Question 34

Neuron - endoneurium

Answer 34