Joints

Question 1

Synarthrotic

Answer 1

classification of function of joint; completely immobile

ex. sutures in skull, common in axial skeleton

Question 2

Amphiarthrotic

Answer 2

classification of function of joint; slightly movable

ex. common in axial, pubic symphysis, and intervertebral cartilaginous joint

Question 3

Diarthrotic

Answer 3

classification of function of joint; freely movable

can be further divided into uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial

ex. ball in socket joint of shoulder and hips are multiaxial, elbow is uniaxial, and metacarpalphalangeal joints would be example of biaxial

Question 4

Fibrous joints

Answer 4

structural classification of joints; united by fibrous connective tissue.(dense regular connective tissue)

Question 5

Sutures

Answer 5

a type of fibrous joint that tightly binds the bones with a minimal amount of fibrous tissue

“synarthrotic”

bones in the skull

Question 6

Syndesmoses

Answer 6

fibrous joint that joins articulating bones by long strands of dense refular connective tissue;

allows for slight movement so it is amphiarthrotic;

occurs between radius and ulna and tibia and fibula

Question 7

Gomphoses

Answer 7

“peg in a socket”, only gomphoses in humans are the articulations of the roots of individual teeth with the sockets of the mandible and maxillae;

“synarthrotic”

Question 8

Cartilaginous joints

Answer 8

a structural classification of joints; united by cartilage

Question 9

Synchondroses

Answer 9

a cartilaginous joint that articulates bones by hyaline cartilage;

“synarthrotic’;

ex. connection of first rib and sternum and epiphyseal plate

Question 10

Symphyses

Answer 10

a cartilaginous joint that is united through fibrocartilage, and is utilized as a shock compressor;

“amphiarthrotic”

ex. pubic symphysis and intervertebral joints

Question 11

Synovial joints

Answer 11

most abundant structural classification of joints; bones are articulated through a joint cavity.

ex. the elbow joint (hinge joint), glenohumeral joint (ball and socket), and the knee joint (hinge joint)

“diarthrotic”

Question 12

6 types of synovial joints

Answer 12

Question 13

Pubic symphysis

Answer 13

functional classification: amphiarthrotic

structural classification: cartilaginous joint (symphyses)

Question 14

Temperomandibular Joint

Answer 14

Functional classification: diarthrotic

Structural classification: synovial joint

plane + hinge

Question 15

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 15

functional classification: multiaxial diarthrotic

structural classification: synovial ball and socket joint

Question 16

Knee joint

Answer 16

functional classification: diarthrotic

structural classification: both synovial hinge and synovial plane at patellofemeral joint; synovial hinge at tibiofemeral joint

Question 17

Medial/lateral meniscus

Answer 17

pads that partially stabilize the joint mediall and laterally, act as cushions between articular surfaces, and continuously change shape to conform to the articulating surfaces as the femur moves

Question 18

Anterior cruciate ligament

Answer 18

runs from the posterior femur to the anterior side of the tibia

Question 19

Posterior cruciate ligament

Answer 19

runs from the anteroinferior femur to the posterior side of the tibia

Question 20

Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

Answer 20

reinforces medial surface of the knee joint; runs from femur to the tibia and prevents hyperabduction of the leg at the knee

Question 21

Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

Answer 21

reinforces lateral surface of the joint; ligament runs from the femur to the fibula and prevents hyperadduction of the leg at the knee

Question 22

Quadricepts tendon

Answer 22

holds kneecap in place and is superior the patella

Question 23

Patella ligament

Answer 23

inferior to patella and continues to attachment of tibial tuberosity of tibia