Neck and Facial Muscles

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 1

thick, cordlike muscle that extends from the sternum and clavicle ot the mastoid process posterior to the ear

Question 2

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 2

manubrium of sternum, clavicle

Question 3

What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 3

mastoid process

Question 4

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 4

singly, rotates head to opposite shoulder; together, flexes head

Question 5

Sternohyoid

Answer 5

extends from the sternum to the hyoid, where it depresses the hyoid bone

Question 6

What is the origin of the sternohyoid?

Answer 6

manubrium and clavicle

Question 7

What is the insertion of the sternohyoid?

Answer 7

hyoid bone

Question 8

What is the action of the sternohyoid?

Answer 8

depresses hyoid

Question 9

Sternothyroid

Answer 9

located deep to the sternohyoid and extends from the sternum to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx

Question 10

What is the origin of the sternothyroid?

Answer 10

manubrium

Question 11

What is the insertion of the sternothryroid?

Answer 11

thyroid cartilage

Question 12

What is the action of the sternothyroid?

Answer 12

depresses thyroid cartilage (of larynx)

Question 13

Thyrohyoid

Answer 13

extends from the thyroid cartilage of hte larynx to the hyoid; closes off the larynx when swallowing

Question 14

What is the origin of thyrohyoid?

Answer 14

thyroid cartilage

Question 15

What is the insertion of thyrohyoid?

Answer 15

hyoid bone

Question 16

What is the action of thyrohyoid?

Answer 16

depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

Question 17

Mylohyoid

Answer 17

broad, flat muscle that proveds a musclular floor to the mouth; muscle fibers of the left and right are aligned in a V shape

Question 18

What is the origin of mylohyoid?

Answer 18

mandible

Question 19

What is the insertion of mylohyoid?

Answer 19

hyoid

Question 20

What is the action of mylohyoid?

Answer 20

elevates hyoid

Question 21

Digastric “two bellies”

Answer 21

two bellies. anterior and posterior; one belly extends from the mental protuberance of the hyoid, and the other continues from the hyoid to the mastoid portion of hte temporal bone

two bellies are united by an intermediate tendon that is held in position by a fascia sling (fibrous loop)

Question 22

What is the origin of the digastric?

Answer 22

mandible and mastoid process

Question 23

What is the insertion of the digastric?

Answer 23

by a connective tissue loop to hyoid bone

Question 24

What is the action of the digastric?

Answer 24

depresses mandible; elevates hyoid bone

Question 25

Epicranius (frontal belly)

Answer 25

composed of the occipitofrontalis muscle and a broad epicranial aponeurosis

frontal belly of occipitofrontalis is superficial to the frontal bone on the forehead; raises eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of forehead

Question 26

Epicanius (occipital belly)

Answer 26

covers the posterior side of the head; retracts the scalp slightly

Question 27

What is the action of the frontal belly of the epicranius?

Answer 27

raises eyebrows

Question 28

What is the action of the occipital belly of the epicranius?

Answer 28

retracts scalp

Question 29

Temporalis

Answer 29

broad, fan shaped muscle that extends from the temporal lines of the skull and attaches to the coronoid process of the mandible; elevates and retracts the mandible

Question 30

What is the action of the temporalis?

Answer 30

elevates and retracts mandible

Question 31

Masseter

Answer 31

short, thick muscle that is superficial to the temporalis; most powerful and important of the masticatory muscles

Question 32

What is the origin of the masseter?

Answer 32

zygomatic arch

Question 33

What is the insertion of the masseter?

Answer 33

cornoid process and ramus of mandible

Question 34

What is the action of the masseter?

Answer 34

prime mover of jaw closure; elevates and protracts mandible

Question 35

Orbicularis occuli

Answer 35

circular muscle fibers that surround the orbit; helps eyelid close

Question 36

What is the action of the orbicualris occuli?

Answer 36

closes eye

Question 37

Orbicularis oris

Answer 37

muiscle fibers that encircle the opening of the mouth; you close your mouth when muscle contracts

Question 38

What is the action of the orbicularis oris?

Answer 38

compresses and purses lip; kissing/whistling muscle

Question 39

Levator labii superioris

Answer 39

muscle that contributes in pulling the upper lip superiorly as if a person is sneering or snarling

Question 40

What is the action of the levator labii superioris?

Answer 40

raises upper lip

Question 41

Risorius

Answer 41

pulls corner of the lips laterally; you use this muscle if making a closed mouth smile

Question 42

What is the action of the risorius?

Answer 42

draws corner of lip laterally; synergist to zygomaticus

Question 43

Buccinator

Answer 43

muscle that compresses cheek against the teeth when we chew

Question 44

What is the action of the buccinator?

Answer 44

compresses cheek (for whistling and sucking)

Question 45

Zygomaticus (major and minor)

Answer 45

muscles that work with the levator anguli oris muscles; you use when you smile

Question 46

What is the action of the zygomaticus?

Answer 46

elevates corners of mouth, smiling muscle