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Anatomy LAB > Legs and Abs Muscles > Flashcards

Legs and Abs Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

largest of the three gluteal muscles and one of the largest muscles in the body

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2
Q

What is the origin point of gluteus maximus?

A

ilium, sacrum, coocyx

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3
Q

What is the insertion point of gluteus maximus?

A

gluteal tuberosity of femur

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4
Q

What is the action of gluteus maximus?

A

Major extensor of thigh; laterally rotates thigh

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5
Q

Gluteus medius

A

located deep to the gluteus maximus

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6
Q

What is the origin point of gluteus medius?

A

ilium

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7
Q

What is the insertion point of the gluteus medius?

A

greater trochanter of the femur

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8
Q

What is the action of gluteus medius?

A

Abduction and medial thigh rotation

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9
Q

Tensor fasciae lateae

A
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10
Q

What is the origin point of tensor fasciae lateae?

A

iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine

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11
Q

What is the insertion point of tensor fasciae latae?

A

iliotibial tract - the fascia lata that ensheathes all the muscles of the thigh

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12
Q

What is the action of tensor fasciae latae?

A

steadies trunk on thigh

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13
Q

Biceps femoris

A

two headed muscle that attaches to the lateral side of the leg

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14
Q

What is the origin point of biceps femoris?

A

ischial tuberosity and femur

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15
Q

What is the insertion point of biceps femoris?

A

fibula

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16
Q

What is the action of biceps femoris?

A

extends thigh, flexes knee; laterally rotates thigh

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17
Q

Semimembranosus

A

deep to the semitendinosus; extends from the ischial tuberosity to the medial side of the leg

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18
Q

What is the origin point of semimembranosus?

A

ischial tuberosity

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19
Q

What is the insertion point of semimembranosus?

A

medial condyle of tibia

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20
Q

What is the action of semimembranosus?

A

extends thigh. flexes knee; medially rotates thigh

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21
Q

Semitendinosis

A

superficial to the semimembranosus and is attached to the medial leg

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22
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

forms the anterolateral surface of the thigh

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23
Q

What are the origin points of vastus lateralis?

A

greater trochanter and linea aspera

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24
Q

What are the insertion points of vastus lateralis?

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

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25
Q

What are the actions of vastus lateralis?

A

extends knee

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26
Q

Rectus femoris

A

located on the anterior surface of the thigh; this muscle proximally attaches the os coxae

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27
Q

What are the origin points of rectus femoris?

A

anterior inferior iliac spine

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28
Q

What are the insertion points of rectus femoris?

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

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29
Q

What are the actions of rectus femoris?

A

extends knee and flexes thigh

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30
Q

Vastus medialis

A

forms the anteromedial surface of the thigh

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31
Q

What are the origin points of vastus medialis?

A

linea aspera

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32
Q

What are the insertion points of vastus medialis?

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

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33
Q

What are the actions of vastus medialis?

A

extends knee

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34
Q

Iliopsoas

A

a collective of psoas major and iliacus to merge and attach to the femur; work synergistically to flex the thigh

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35
Q

Sartorius

A

long, thin muscle that crosses over the anterior thigh anf helps flex the thigh

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36
Q

What are the origin points of sartorius?

A

anterior superior iliac spine

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37
Q

What are the insertion points of sartorius?

38
Q

What are the actions of the sartorius?

A

flexes and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee

39
Q

Gracilis

A

one of the six muscles located in the medial compartment of the thigh

40
Q

What are the origin points of gracilis?

41
Q

What are the insertion points of gracilis?

A

medial tibia

42
Q

What are the actions of gracilis?

A

flexes knee; adducts and flexes thigh

43
Q

Pectineus

A

one of the six muscles located in the medial compartment of the thigh

44
Q

What are the origin points of pectineus?

45
Q

What are the insertion points of pectineus?

A

posterior femur

46
Q

What are the actions of pectineus?

A

adducts, flexes thigh

47
Q

Adductor magnus

A

one of six muscles that are located in the medial compartment of the thigh

48
Q

What are the origin points of adductor magnus?

A

ischium and pubis

49
Q

What are the insertion points of adductor magnus?

A

linea aspera of femur

50
Q

What are the actions of adductor magnus?

A

adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh

51
Q

Adductor femoris

A

same as adductor magnus but in cats i’m assuming

52
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

primary dorsiflexor of the foot at the ankle and is attached to the medial plantar side of the foot

53
Q

Wha are the origin points of tibialis anterior?

A

lateral condyle and tibial shaft

54
Q

What are the insertion points of tibialis anterior?

A

medial cuneiform and first metatarsals

55
Q

What are the actions of tibialis anterior?

A

prime mover of dorsiflexion; inverts foot

56
Q

Fibularis longus

A

long, flat muscle that is a superficial lateral muscle that covers the fibula

57
Q

What are the origin points of fibularis longus?

A

head of fibula

58
Q

What are the insertion points of fibularis longus?

A

first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

59
Q

What are the actions of fibularis longus?

A

plantarflexion and foot eversion

60
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

most superficial muscle of the superfical later of posterior compartment; has two thick muscle bellies, the lateral head and the medial head, that collectively form the prominence known as the calf

61
Q

What are the origin points of gastrocnemius?

A

medial and lateral condyles of femur

62
Q

What are the insertion points of gastrocnemius?

A

via calcaneal (achilles) tendon onto calcaneus

63
Q

What are the actions of gastrocnemius?

A

plantarflexes foot; flexes lower leg

64
Q

Soleus

A

broad, flat muscle deep to teh gastrocnemius that resembles a flat fish

65
Q

What are the origin points of the soleus?

A

head of fibula and tibula

66
Q

What are the insertion points of the soleus?

A

calcaneal tendon onto calcaneous

67
Q

What are the actions of soleus?

A

plantarflexes foot

68
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

these muscles and intersections are referred to as six pack abs

69
Q

What are the origin points of rectus abdominus?

A

superior surface of pubis near symphysis

70
Q

What are the insertion points of rectus abdominis?

A

costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process

71
Q

What are the actions of rectus abdominis?

A

flexes vertebral column

72
Q

External oblique

A

located on the outer surface on the sides of the abdomen

73
Q

What are the origin points of the external oblique?

A

inferior 8 ribs

74
Q

What are the insertion points of the external oblique?

A

linea alba and iliac crest

75
Q

What are the actions of the external oblique?

A

flexion and rotation of vertebral column; lateral flexion

76
Q

Internal oblique

A

an abdominal muscle in the abdominal wall that lies below the external oblique muscle and just above the transverse abdominal muscle.

77
Q

What are the origin points of the internal oblique?

A

lumbar fascia; inguinal ligamen; iliac crest

78
Q

What are the insertion points of the internal oblique?

A

inferior 4 ribs; linea alba; pubic crest

79
Q

What are the actions of the internal oblique?

A

flexion and rotation of vertebral column; lateral flexion

80
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

broad paired muscular sheet found on the lateral sides of the abdominal wall

81
Q

What are the origin points of transversus abdominis?

A

iliac crest, cartilages of inferior 6 ribs

82
Q

What are the insertion points of transversus abdominis?

A

linea alba and pubic crest

83
Q

What are the actions of transversus abdominis?

A

flexion of vertebral column; lateral flexion

84
Q

What is the origin point of semitendinosus?

A

ischial tuberosity

85
Q

What is the insertion point of the semitendinosus?

A

proximal medial surface of tibia

86
Q

What is the action of the semitendinosus

A

extends thigh, flexes knee; medially rotates thigh

87
Q

Vastus intermedius

A

positioned deep to the rectus
femoris and sandwiched between the other two vastus muscles

88
Q

What are the origin points of vastus intermedius?

A

anterolateral femur

89
Q

What are the insertion points of vastus intermedius?

A

patella and tibial tuberosity

90
Q

What are the actions of vastus intermedius?

A

extends knee

Anatomy LAB (28 decks)

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