Neurological Infections - Encephalitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is parenchyma?

A

Functional tissue in any organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is encephalitis usually viral?

A

Because the parenchyma is made up of tissues and cells and viruses use the cells to replicate their data. And bacteria does not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two most common viruses that cause encephalitis?

A

HS1 and arbovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the patho of encephalitis?

A

Localized necrosis of neurons and hemorrhage leads to generalized necrosis of neurons and hemorrhage which leads to edema in the brain tissue itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Is the progression of encephalitis predictable?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are manifestations of encephalitis?

A
Neurological disturbances (lethargy) 
Fever
Headache
Nausea and vomiting 
Nuchal rigidity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are complications of encephalitis?

A

Seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In encephalitis, what determines the neurological disturbances that may appear?

A

The area of the brain that is targeted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which virus that causes encephalitis is the most aggressive virus?

A

HS1 virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which virus is less severe that causes encephalitis?

A

Arbovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment for encephalitis If it is cause by HS1 virus?

A

Antiviral drugs (acyclovir) must be given IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the treatment if encephalitis is caused by arbovirus?

A

Symptomatic management and must monitor for complications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How long does it usually take for encephalitis to subside if caused by a less aggressive virus?

A

About 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are possible long term severe neurological impairments that can arise from encephalitis?

A

Dementia and epilepsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the mortality rate of encephalitis?

A

About 30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is encephalitis?

A

Inflammation of the parenchyma (brain and spinal cord)