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INCMNSZ > Neurología > Flashcards

Neurología Flashcards

1
Q

Type of tremor typically improved with alcohol intake

ACP July 2024

A

Essential

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2
Q

Virus responsible for most cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

ACP July 2024

A

JC Virus (accept John Cunningham virus; human polyoma virus 2)

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3
Q

Infectious agent most commonly associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome

ACP July 2024

A

Campylobacter jejuni (accept Campylobacter)

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4
Q

CNS vascular abnormality associated with aortic coarctation

ACP July 2024

A

Intracranial aneurysm

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5
Q

Eponymous name for tremor with rest, action, and postural components resulting in a wing-beating movement of the upper body

ACP July 2024

A

Holmes tremor

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6
Q

Eponym for brief paralysis following a seizure

ACP June 2024

A

Todd paralysis (accept Todds)

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7
Q

Clinical manifestation of Parkinson disease assessed with the retropulsion or ‘pull’ test

ACP June 2024

A

Postural instability (accept fall risk)

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8
Q

Opthalmologic diagnosis with acute monocular eye pain, visual loss and relative afferent pupillary defect

ACP June 2024

A

Optic neuritis

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9
Q

Cerebrovascular disorder with symptomatic reversible multifocal narrowing of the cerebral arteries

ACP June 2024

A

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (accept migrainous vasospasm or angiitis; Call-Fleming syndrome or Call syndrome; thunderclap headache-associated vasospasm; drug or post-partum-induced cerebral arteritis; benign angiopathy or pseudovasculitis of the central nervous system)

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10
Q

Syndrome with Parkinsonian features and pronounced autonomic nervous system failure

ACP June 2024

A

Multi-system atrophy (accept Shy-Drager syndrome; olivopontocerebellar atrophy; striatonigral degeneration)

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11
Q

Repetitive, stereotyped, suppressible movements

ACP march 2019

A

Tics

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12
Q

Preferred initial drug therapy for idiopathic intracranial hypertension

ACP march 2019

A

Acetazolamide (accept carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)

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13
Q

Diagnostic study for prolonged altered mental status following convulsive status epilepticus

ACP march 2019

A

24-hour continuous EEG monitoring

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14
Q

Diagnosis associated with anti–N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibodies

ACP march 2019

A

Autoimmune encephalitis (accept limbic encephalitis)

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15
Q

Recurrent throbbing headache occurring after the age of 50 that awakens the patient from sleep

ACP march 2019

A

Hypnic headache

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16
Q

Diagnosis for progressive weakness, areflexia, and sensorimotor neuropathy extending beyond 8 weeks

ACP July 2019

A

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (accept CIDP)

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17
Q

Oral drug therapy for multiple sclerosis-related spasticity

ACP July 2019

A

Baclofen (accept tizanidine and dantrolene)

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18
Q

Most effective treatment for focal dystonia

ACP July 2019

A

Botulinum toxin injection

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19
Q

Semicircular canal most commonly implicated in an attack of BPPV

ACP July 2019

A

Posterior

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20
Q

Preferred antiepileptic drug therapy for women taking hormonal contraceptives

ACP July 2019

A

Levetiracetam

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21
Q

Condition characterized by acute, severe, and persistent nonpositional peripheral vertigo

ACP november 2019

A

Vestibular neuronitis

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22
Q

Two emergency treatments for myasthenic crisis

ACP november 2019

A

Plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin (both required)

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23
Q

Best diagnostic study for evaluation of suspected nonepileptic seizures

ACP november 2019

A

Video electroencephalography (accept epilepsy monitoring unit or EMU)

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24
Q

Two most common neuropsychiatric complications of multiple sclerosis

ACP november 2019

A

Depression and cognitive dysfunction (accept memory loss)

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25
Q

Cause of parkinsonian-hyperpyrexia syndrome

ACP november 2019

A

Sudden withdrawal of dopaminergic medications

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26
Q

“Signature injury” of soldiers deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan

ACP October 2016

A

Traumatic brain injury

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27
Q

Descriptive name of severe headache that reaches maximum intensity in 60 seconds

ACP October 2016

A

Thunderclap

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28
Q

Name of self-limited chorea that occurs during pregnancy

ACP October 2016

A

Chorea gravidarum

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29
Q

Parkinson-plus syndrome associated with distinctive eye findings

ACP October 2016

A

Progressive supranuclear palsy

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30
Q

Most common manifestation of temporal lobe epilepsy associated with this coronal FLAIR MRI

ACP October 2016

A

Complex partial seizure

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31
Q

Visual hallucinations occur most commonly in this form of dementia

ACP September 2021

A

Dementia with Lewy bodies

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32
Q

Two effective topical treatments for postherpetic neuralgia

ACP September 2021

A

Topical lidocaine and topical capsaicin

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33
Q

Most common cause of death in patients with Parkinson disease

ACP September 2021

A

Pneumonia (accept aspiration pneumonia)

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34
Q

Kidney disease associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

ACP September 2021

A

Nephrotic syndrome

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35
Q

Symptom of normal pressure hydrocephalus most responsive to CSF shunting

ACP September 2021

A

Gait difficulty (accept gait apraxia, magnetic gait, glue-footed gait, frontal ataxia)

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36
Q

Most common presenting severe symptom of diabetic amyotrophy

ACP September 2017

A

Pain

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37
Q

Most effective drug treatment for trigeminal neuralgia

ACP September 2017

A

Carbamazepine

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38
Q

Name of syndrome describing delayed neurologic sequelae following carbon monoxide poisoning

ACP September 2017

A

Delayed neuropsychiatric syndrome

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39
Q

Tremor that occurs exclusively with writing

ACP September 2017

A

Primary writing tremor

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40
Q

Ice-pack test is associated with this autoimmune neuromuscular disorder

ACP September 2017

A

Myasthenia gravis

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41
Q

Usual initial treatment of a multiple sclerosis relapse

ACP October 2021

A

High-dose intravenous glucocorticoid (accept high-dose steroid or high-dose corticosteroid)

42
Q

Systolic blood pressure threshold for treatment of hypertension in the setting of intracerebral hemorrhage

ACP October 2021

A

> 180 mm Hg

43
Q

Syndrome characterized by persistent symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury

ACP October 2021

A

Postconcussion syndrome

44
Q

Chromosome 19 gene variant associated with increased risk of Alzheimer disease

ACP October 2021

A

APOE-4 (accept apolipoprotein E-4)

45
Q

Term for the transitional period from wakefulness to sleep

ACP October 2021

A

Hypnogogia

46
Q

Condition treated with the otocanolith repositioning maneuver

ACP December 2021

A

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (accept BPPV)

47
Q

Nerve responsible for burning pain, paresthesia, and hypesthesia over the upper outer thigh

ACP December 2021

A

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

48
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid electrophoresis finding characteristic of multiple sclerosis

ACP December 2021

A

Oligoclonal bands

49
Q

Term used to describe episodic vertigo in patients with other clinical features of migraine

ACP December 2021

A

Vestibular migraine (accept migrainous vertigo)

50
Q

Also known as ‘alarm clock headache’

ACP December 2021

A

Hypnic headache

51
Q

Eponym for cephalic zoster complicated by facial paralysis or by auditory or vestibular symptoms

ACP June 2020

A

Ramsay Hunt syndrome

52
Q

Diagnosis associated with this finding

Falta Imagen

ACP June 2020

A

Basilar skull fracture

53
Q

Stroke subtype most commonly linked to pure motor hemiparesis

ACP June 2020

A

Lacunar (accept subcortical)

54
Q

Fortification spectrum is a phenomenon associated with this disorder

ACP June 2020

55
Q

Muscle condition associated with ‘ragged red fibers’ on muscle biopsy

ACP June 2020

A

Mitochondrial myopathy

56
Q

Laboratory finding diagnostic of primary ovarian failure

ACP October 2023

A

Elevated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

57
Q

ACP October 2023

58
Q

Type of cancer associated with chronic anovulation

ACP October 2023

A

Endometrial (accept Uterine)

59
Q

Sexually transmitted infection associated with punctate microhemorrhages of the cervix (‘strawberry cervix’)

ACP October 2023

A

Trichomonas vaginalis (accept Trichomoniasis)

60
Q

Most effective form of emergency contraception

ACP October 2023

A

Copper intrauterine device (accept IUD)

61
Q

Recommended breast cancer screening regimen for women who received chest wall radiation between ages of 10 and 30 years

ACP October 2023

A

Annual mammogram and breast MRI

62
Q

Pain perceived as coming from an amputated limb

ACP August 2020

A

Phantom pain

63
Q

Name of this graphical representation of cerebrocortical motor control

Falta Imagen

ACP August 2020

A

Motor homunculus (accept homunculus)

64
Q

A common benign MRI finding in patients with migraine

ACP August 2020

A

Nonspecific white matter lesion (accept hyperintensity)

65
Q

Most common identifiable arterial disorder predisposing to carotid artery dissection

ACP August 2020

A

Fibromuscular dysplasia

66
Q

Limbic encephalitis associated with ovarian teratomas

ACP July 2020

A

Anti-NDMA receptor encephalitis

67
Q

Duration of neurologic dysfunction defining transient focal ischemia without infarction

ACP September 2020

68
Q

French term for trigeminal neuralgia

ACP September 2020

A

Tic douloureux

69
Q

Syndromes characterized by bradykinesia, tremor, and multiple system degeneration

ACP September 2020

A

Parkinson-plus syndromes

70
Q

Condition characterized by a lack of sensory or visual perception on one side

ACP September 2020

A

Hemispatial neglect (accept hemineglect, spatial neglect, hemiagnosia)

71
Q

Condition associated with dislodged otoconia from the macula of the utricular otolith

ACP September 2020

A

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (accept BPPV)

72
Q

The most common cranial neuropathy associated with Lyme disease

ACP February 2018

A

Facial (7th) nerve palsy

73
Q

Amplifying hosts for West Nile virus infection

ACP February 2018

A

Birds (accept crows, ravens, jays)

74
Q

Migraine subtype characterized by unilateral weakness during the aura

ACP February 2018

A

Hemiplegic migraine

75
Q

Definitive diagnostic test for anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

ACP February 2018

A

Anti-NMDA receptor antibodies (CSF or serum, neither required)

76
Q

Screening for this allele is recommended before starting carbamazepine in patients of Asian ancestry

ACP February 2018

A

HLA-B*1502 allele

78
Q

Degenerative neurological disease treated with galantamine

ACP May 2018

A

Alzheimer’s disease (accept dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies)

79
Q

Another name for lateral femoral cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome

ACP May 2018

A

Meralgia paresthetica

80
Q

Headache type that may be treated with microvascular decompression

ACP May 2018

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

81
Q

Pregnancy-related condition associated with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy

ACP May 2018

A

Eclampsia (accept preeclampsia)

82
Q

Neurologic condition that presents like diabetic amyotrophy but without diabetes

ACP May 2018

A

Idiopathic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy

83
Q

Category of vertigo associated with spontaneous bidirectional or vertical nystagmus

ACP September 2018

A

Central vertigo

84
Q

Condition accounts for 25% of patients previously diagnosed with cryptogenic stroke

ACP September 2018

A

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

85
Q

Dementia type associated with severe sensitivity to neuroleptics

ACP September 2018

A

Dementia with Lewy bodies

86
Q

Eponym for serotonin syndrome diagnostic criteria

ACP September 2018

87
Q

Term that describes dream enactment

ACP September 2018

A

REM behavior disorder (accept parasomnia)

88
Q

Cranial nerve injury associated with acute mydriasis

ACP April 2023

89
Q

Likely diagnosis for acute-onset headache, neck pain, and new-onset Horner syndrome

ACP April 2023

A

Carotid artery dissection

90
Q

Common term for lateral femoral cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome

ACP April 2023

A

Meralgia paresthetica

91
Q

Inherited muscle ion channel defect characterized by episodes of painless muscle weakness

ACP April 2023

A

Periodic paralysis (accept hypokalemic periodoic paralysis or hyperkalemic periodic paralysis)

92
Q

Non-epileptic neurological disorder characterized by uncontrollable episodes of crying or laughing that are incongruent with mood

ACP April 2023

A

Pseudobulbar affect (also accept emotional incontinence)

93
Q

Eponym for late amnestic neuropsychiatric manifestation of Wernicke encephalopathy affecting memory

ACP May 2023

A

Korsakoff Syndrome

94
Q

Most common location of initial muscle weakness in Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome

ACP May 2023

A

Proximal lower extremities (accept lower extremities)

95
Q

Eponym for progressive spreading of jerking activity along a limb in focal motor status epilepticus

ACP May 2023

A

Jacksonian march

96
Q

First line drug for prevention of recurrent cluster headaches

ACP May 2023

97
Q

Common term for long-term complication of Bell Palsy resulting in spontaneous tearing associated with eating

ACP May 2023

A

Crocodile Tears Syndrome (accept Bogorad’s Syndrome; gustatolacrimal reflex; paroxysmal lacrimation)

98
Q

Next test for high probability subarachnoid hemorrhage but normal CT

ACP January 2013

A

Lumbar puncture

99
Q

Cause of painless weakness, muscle atrophy, and upper and lower motor neuron signs

ACP January 2013

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

100
Q

Syndrome manifested by motor function limited to blinking or moving eyes vertically

ACP January 2013

A

Locked-in syndrome

101
Q

Type of weight loss diet that can worsen symptoms of patients treated for Parkinson’s disease

ACP January 2013

A

High protein

102
Q

Neurological term that describes inability to correctly draw a clock face

ACP January 2013

A

Constructional apraxia

INCMNSZ (29 decks)

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