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INCMNSZ > Cardiología > Flashcards

Cardiología Flashcards

1
Q

Term for intermittent and irregular jugular venous pulsations of greater amplitude than normal reflecting simultaneous atrial and ventricular contraction

ACP 2025

A

Cannon a waves

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2
Q

Most common objective finding of Lyme carditis

ACP 2025

A

Atrioventricular conduction block (accept AV nodal block or AV block)

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3
Q

Eponym for syndrome of chest pain, diffuse ST-segment elevation, PR depression and pericardial friction rub 2 weeks after MI

ACP 2025

A

Dressler syndrome

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4
Q

Term for variation in beat-to-beat pulse amplitude due to changing systolic pressure

ACP December 2024

A

Pulsus alternans

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5
Q

Most common conduction disturbance with inferior myocardial infarction

ACP December 2024

A

Sinus bradycardia

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6
Q

Anti-anginal medication associated with reduced intracellular calcium levels and QT-prolongation

ACP December 2024

A

Ranolazine

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7
Q

Pacing mode most commonly associated with pacemaker syndrome

ACP December 2024

A

Single-chamber VVI pacing (accept VVI pacing)

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8
Q

Eponymous name for method of determining cardiac output using the arteriovenous oxygen concentration difference

ACP December 2024

A

Fick method (accept Fick principle)

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9
Q

Diagnosis for 3 or more consecutive ventricular beats at a rate > 100/min with a duration <30 seconds

ACP march 2019

A

Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia

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10
Q

The blood pressure cuff bladder should encircle this percentage of the circumference of the arm

ACP march 2019

A

80%

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11
Q

Most common cause of reduced LV function after the first year following heart transplantation

ACP march 2019

A

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (accept post-transplant coronary artery disease and cardiac transplant vasculopathy)

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12
Q

QRS measurement that best predicts benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy

ACP march 2019

A

QRS >150 msec

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13
Q

Cause of retro-ocular headache and these findings following forceful vomiting

Falta imagen

ACP march 2019

A

Dissection of the internal carotid artery

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14
Q

Most important risk factor for the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

ACP june 2019

A

Hypertension

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15
Q

Likely cause of painful groin mass hours following femoral arterial puncture

ACP june 2019

A

Femoral artery pseudoaneurysm (accept pseudoaneurysm)

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16
Q

Most common valvular disorder associated with tetralogy of Fallot repair

ACP june 2019

A

Pulmonary valve regurgitation

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17
Q

Diagnosis for regular bradycardia and variable intensity of S1

ACP june 2019

A

Complete heart block ( accept 3rd degree heart block)

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18
Q

Most common noncancer cause of superior vena cava syndrome

ACP june 2019

A

Fibrosing mediastinitis or (vena cava) thrombosis (either)

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19
Q

Minimum number of METs indicating good functional capacity and no need for preoperative testing

ACP February 2021

A

Four

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20
Q

American College of Cardiology Class I recommended treatment of acute pericarditis following myocardial infarction

ACP February 2021

A

Aspirin

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21
Q

Eponym for this electrical construct of the heart

falta imagen

ACP February 2021

A

Einthoven triangle

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22
Q

Condition characterized by concordant left and right ventricular pressure measurements

ACP February 2021

A

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

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23
Q

Primary cardiac tumor that most often involves the aortic valve

ACP February 2021

A

Papillary fibroelastoma (accept fibroelastoma)

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24
Q

Heart disease associated with long-term tocolysis with terbutaline

ACP november 2019

A

Peripartum cardiomyopathy

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25
Q

ACC/AHA guideline recommends this tool to calculate 10 year ASCVD risk

ACP november 2019

A

Pooled Cohort Equations

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26
Q

Name for mid-diastolic auscultatory finding associated with left atrial myxoma

ACP november 2019

A

Tumor plop

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27
Q

Pain radiating to this location is associated with highest likelihood of MI

ACP november 2019

A

Right arm or shoulder (either)

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28
Q

Congenital cardiac condition that may cause platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome

ACP november 2019

A

Patent foramen ovale

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29
Q

Most common anatomic site of intracardiac thrombus formation in atrial fibrillation

ACP April 2021

A

Left atrial appendage

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30
Q

Name describing this precordial ST-segment ECG finding in Brugada syndrome

falta imagen

ACP April 2021

A

Coved (accept concave downward)

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31
Q

Therapy for patients with end-stage heart failure who are not candidates for heart transplantation

ACP April 2021

A

Left ventricular assist device (accept LVAD)

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32
Q

De Musset’s sign is associated with this valvular lesion

ACP April 2021

A

Aortic regurgitation (head bobbing)

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33
Q

Genetic disorder of cell adhesion molecules associated with sudden death

ACP April 2021

A

Right ventricular dysplasia (accept arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy)

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34
Q

Name for location where cardiac apical impulse is strongest

ACP May 2021

A

Point of maximal impulse (accept PMI)

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35
Q

Term for transient myocardial contractile dysfunction following reversal of ischemia

ACP May 2021

A

Myocardial stunning (accept stunned myocardium)

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36
Q

Nocturnal ambulatory blood pressure finding associated with increased cardiovascular mortality

ACP May 2021

A

Loss of nocturnal blood pressure ‘dip’ (accept ‘non-dipper’ or ‘reverse dipper’)

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37
Q

Antihypertensive that inhibits degradation of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides

ACP May 2021

A

Sacubitril (do not accept Entresto, which is a combination of sacubitril and valsartan)

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38
Q

The Agatston score is used to quantify this cardiovascular risk factor

ACP May 2021

A

Coronary artery calcium (accept coronary calcium)

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39
Q

English translation of ‘torsades de pointes’

ACP December 2024

A

‘Twisting of the points’ (accept ‘twisting of the tips,’ ‘twisting of the spikes,’ or ‘twisting of the peaks’)

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40
Q

Three potential major mechanical cardiac complications associated with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction

ACP December 2024

A

Left ventricular free wall rupture, rupture of the intraventricular septum, mitral papillary muscle dysfunction (accept acute mitral regurgitation or flail valve)

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41
Q

Term for the direct hemodynamic influence of the left and right ventricles on each other

ACP December 2024

A

Interdependence (accept ventricular interdependence)

42
Q

Name for condition with low transvalvular pressures in patients with severe aortic stenosis but preserved left ventricular function

ACP December 2024

A

Paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis

43
Q

Atrial arrhythmia with variable P-wave morphology and heart rate <100 beats per minute

ACP November 2023

A

Wandering atrial pacemaker

44
Q

Most common cyanotic congenital heart defect

ACP November 2023

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

45
Q

Painful, violaceous vasculitic subcutaneous nodules on the fingers and toes in infective endocarditis

ACP November 2023

A

Osler nodes

46
Q

Imaging study with the highest negative predictive value for suspected cardiac sarcoidosis

ACP November 2023

A

Cardiac MRI (accept MRI)

47
Q

Two most common structural cardiac diseases associated with syncope

ACP August 2017

A

Aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

48
Q

Statin therapy decreases risk of this post-CABG arrhythmia

ACP August 2017

A

Atrial fibrillation

49
Q

Term for chronic but potentially reversible ischemic myocardial dysfunction

ACP August 2017

A

Hibernating myocardium

50
Q

Condition associated with rising venous pressure, falling arterial pressure, and decreased heart sounds

ACP August 2017

A

Pericardial tamponade

51
Q

Cardiac condition associated with Carney complex

ACP August 2017

A

Atrial myxoma

52
Q

Eponym for syncope associated with AV nodal block

ACP February 2018

A

Stokes-Adams attack

53
Q

The ductus arteriosus connects these two vessels during fetal life

ACP February 2018

A

Aorta and pulmonary artery

54
Q

Medical condition associated with flat-line ECG in an awake, functioning patient

ACP February 2018

A

Mechanical heart

55
Q

Name for multiple recurrences of ventricular arrhythmias over a short period of time

ACP February 2018

A

Electrical storm (accept arrhythmic storm)

56
Q

Two coronary arteries most often affected by mediastinal radiation therapy

ACP February 2018

A

Left anterior descending and right coronary

57
Q

Most effective drug for claudication

ACP May 2018

A

Cilostazol

58
Q

A toe-brachial index is calculated if the ankle-brachial index is greater than this number

ACP May 2018

59
Q

The Clinical-Etiology-Anatomy-Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification is applied to this condition

ACP MAy 2018

A

Chronic venous insufficiency (not varicose veins)

60
Q

Carotid artery pulse characteristic distinguishing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from severe aortic stenosis

ACP May 2018

A

Rapid carotid upstroke (accept ‘not delayed’)

61
Q

Target dose of hydralazine for heart failure treatment

ACP May 2018

62
Q

Auscultatory findings of left atrial myxoma mimic this valvular lesion

ACP September 2018

A

Mitral stenosis

63
Q

USPSTF recommendation grade assigned to screening for coronary artery disease in asymptomatic low-risk adults

ACP September 2018

64
Q

Antiarrhythmic drug most commonly associated with torsades de pointes

ACP September 2018

65
Q

Name of reflex associated with hypotension and bradycardia following reperfusion therapy for inferior MI

ACP September 2018

A

Bezold-Jarisch

66
Q

Name for cardiac auscultation sound associated with air embolism

ACP September 2018

A

Water-wheel sound

67
Q

CHA2DS2-VASc score for which oral anticoagulation is recommended in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

ACP March 2022

68
Q

Eponym for Wolff-Parkinson-White accessory pathway

ACP March 2022

A

Bundle of Kent

69
Q

Statin therapy is associated with decreased occurrence of this arrhythmia

ACP March 2022

A

Atrial fibrillation

70
Q

Name for a bounding and forceful pulse associated with aortic regurgitation

ACP March 2022

A

Water-hammer pulse (accept Corrigan pulse)

71
Q

Cause of differential cyanosis and clubbing affecting the lower body

ACP March 2022

A

Patent ductus arteriosus with Eisenmenger syndrome (need both); (accept aortic coarctation and interrupted aortic arch)

72
Q

Most common primary cardiac neoplasm

ACP April 2022

73
Q

Syndrome of transient segmental cardiac dysfunction without coronary artery disease

ACP April 2022

A

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy

74
Q

Most common endocrine cause of reversible heart failure

ACP April 2022

A

Hyperthyroidism

75
Q

Most common finding in clinically-evident cardiac sarcoidosis

ACP April 2022

A

Complete heart block (accept heart block)

76
Q

Genetic disorder of cell adhesion molecules associated with sudden death

ACP April 2022

A

Right ventricular dysplasia (accept arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy)

77
Q

Diagnosis associated with depressed PR segment

ACP June 2022

A

Acute pericarditis (accept atrial ischemia)

78
Q

Name for ectopic beats occurring during the ventricular repolarization phase

ACP June 2022

A

‘R-on-T’ phenomena (accept ‘R on T’)

79
Q

Left ventricular ejection fraction threshold indicating need for mitral value surgery in an asymptomatic patient

ACP June 2022

A

Less than 60%

80
Q

Eponym for visible pulsations of the fingernail bed associated with aortic regurgitation

ACP June 2022

A

Quincke sign (accept Quincke pulse)

81
Q

Auscultatory finding most predictive of ventricular tachycardia

ACP June 2022

A

Changing intensity of the first heart sound (positive likelihood ratio (+LR) = 24.4)

82
Q

Atrial arrhythmia characterized by a heart rate >100 and variable P-wave morphology

ACP September 2023

A

Multifocal atrial tachycardia

83
Q

Minimum recommended duration of anticoagulation before elective cardioversion in new-onset atrial fibrillation of longer than 48 hours’ duration

ACP September 2023

84
Q

Painless microabscesses on the palms and soles in infective endocarditis

ACP September 2023

A

Janeway lesions

85
Q

Most common type of atrial septal defect

ACP September 2023

A

Ostium secundum (accept secundum)

86
Q

In pericardial tamponade, the 3 components of Becks triad

ACP September 2023

A

Jugular venous distension (accept JVD), diminished (accept muffled) heart sounds, and hypotension

87
Q

Diagnosis for 3 or more consecutive ventricular beats at a rate >100/min with a duration <30 seconds

ACP September 2022

A

Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia

88
Q

The blood pressure cuff bladder should encircle this percentage of the circumference of the arm

ACP September 2022

89
Q

Most common cause of reduced LV function after the first year following heart transplantation

ACP September 2022

A

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (accept post-transplant coronary artery disease and cardiac transplant vasculopathy)

90
Q

QRS measurement that best predicts benefit from cardiac resynchronization therapy

ACP September 2022

A

QRS >150 msec

91
Q

Cause of retro-ocular headache and these findings following forceful vomiting

falta imagen

ACP September 2022

A

Dissection of the internal carotid artery

92
Q

Device that reduces afterload and increases coronary perfusion

ACP March 2013

A

Intra-aortic balloon pump

93
Q

MI location most commonly associated with papillary muscle rupture

ACP March 2013

A

Inferior wall

94
Q

ECG diagnosis for patient with chest pain

Imagens ?

ACP March 2013

A

Pericarditis

95
Q

First-line drug for congenital long QT syndrome

Falta Imagen

ACP March 2013

A

β-blocker

96
Q

Mechanism responsible for the pacemaker syndrome

ACP March 2013

A

Atrioventricular dyssynchrony (accept dyssynchrony)

97
Q

Diagnosis responsible for PR segment changes

Falta Imagen

ACP May 2013

A

Acute pericarditis

98
Q

Medical term for accentuated inspiratory fall in systolic pressure

ACP May 2013

A

Pulsus paradoxus

99
Q

Maternal antibodies associated with neonatal congenital heart block

ACP May 2013

A

anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB (either antibody and either name for antibody)

100
Q

Most common reperfusion arrhythmia associated with thrombolytic therapy

A

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

101
Q

Two drugs for “pill-in-the-pocket” treatment of atrial fibrillation

ACP May 2013

A

Flecainide and propafenone (name both)

INCMNSZ (29 decks)

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