Medicina crítica

Question 1

Therapy for refractory variceal bleeding that increases risk for encephalopathy

ACP December 2025

Answer 1

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (accept TIPS)

Question 2

Mechanical intervention for severe ARDS that reduces the ventral-dorsal transpulmonary pressure difference

ACP December 2025

Answer 2

Prone positioning

Question 3

Form of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation that provides both respiratory and hemodynamic support

ACP December 2025

Answer 3

Veno-arterial (accept arteriovenous)

Question 4

Lipid abnormality associated with ‘pseudo-metabolic acidosis’

ACP December 2025

Answer 4

Hypertriglyceridemia

Question 5

Initial intravenous fluid therapy for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome

ACP February 2021

Answer 5

0.9% Saline (accept normal saline, isotonic saline)

Question 6

Type of altitude sickness characterized by mental status changes and ataxia

ACP February 2021

Answer 6

High altitude cerebral edema (accept HACE or cerebral edema)

Question 7

Definitive treatment for pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

ACP February 2021

Answer 7

Lung transplantation

Question 11

Two most useful measures of respiratory muscle function in myasthenic crisis

ACP February 2021

Answer 11

Vital capacity and maximal inspiratory pressure (accept negative inspiratory force)

Question 12

Potentially fatal pulmonary complication of acute salicylate toxicity

ACP February 2021

Answer 12

Noncardiac pulmonary edema (accept acute lung injury)

Question 13

Two most common diagnoses causing ICU-acquired weakness

ACP May 2021

Answer 13

Critical illness polyneuropathy and critical illness myopathy

Question 14

Three indications for noninvasive ventilation with best supporting evidence

ACP May 2021

Answer 14

Exacerbation of COPD (accept COPD), cardiogenic pulmonary edema, acute hypoxic respiratory failure

Question 15

Syndrome of worsening function in physical, cognitive, or mental domains after ICU discharge

ACP May 2021

Answer 15

Postintensive care syndrome

Question 16

Two complications of central venous catheterization most likely to occur when the catheter is removed

ACP May 2021

Answer 16

Bleeding and air embolism

Question 17

Condition characterized by pulmonary arterial hypertension, x-ray evidence of pulmonary edema, and normal pulmonary artery occlusion pressure

ACP May 2021

Answer 17

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

Question 18

Initial intervention for transfusion-related acute lung injury

ACP November 2023

Answer 18

Stop the transfusion

Question 19

Formula for calculating mean arterial pressure

ACP November 2023

Answer 19

([Diastolic BP x 2] + Systolic BP) / 3

Question 20

Minimum chest compression depth for adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation

ACP November 2023

Answer 20

5 centimeters (accept 2 inches)

Question 21

Eponym for combination of hypertension, respiratory depression, and bradycardia associated with intracranial hypertension

ACP November 2023

Answer 21

Cushing triad (also accept Cushing reflex, reaction, effect, phenomenon, law, or response)

Question 22

Mode of ventilation with long duration of high airway pressure followed by short duration of lower pressure

ACP November 2023

Answer 22

Airway pressure release ventilation

Question 23

Marked hypertension with retinal hemorrhages, exudates, or papilledema

ACP March 2022

Answer 23

Malignant hypertension (accept pheochromocytoma or scleroderma renal crisis)

Question 24

Medical procedure in which the pleural space is obliterated

ACP March 2022

Answer 24

Pleurodesis

Question 25

Technique in which respiratory gases are exchanged external to the body ## Footnote ACP March 2022

Answer 25

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (accept ECMO or extracorporeal life support)

Question 26

Treatment of patients with smoke inhalation that do not require intubation ## Footnote ACP March 2022

Answer 26

100% inspired oxygen

Question 27

Poisoning with this alcohol is associated with visual blurring, central scotomata, and blindness ## Footnote ACP March 2022

Answer 27

Methanol

Question 28

Pathophysiologic mechanism of systemic hypotension in a mechanically-ventilated COPD patient with incomplete exhalation ## Footnote ACP May 2022

Answer 28

Auto–positive end-expiratory pressure (accept auto-PEEP; dynamic hyperinflation)

Question 29

Pulmonary complication associated with rapid removal of a large volume of pleural fluid ## Footnote ACP May 2022

Answer 29

Reexpansion pulmonary edema (accept pulmonary edema)

Question 30

Antidote for methanol poisoning ## Footnote ACP May 2022

Answer 30

Fomepizole (accept ethanol)

Question 31

Term for marked hypertension with acute kidney injury, hematuria, and proteinuria ## Footnote ACP May 2022

Answer 31

Malignant nephrosclerosis (accept acute hypertensive nephrosclerosis)

Question 32

Syndrome of hyperthermia and hyperreflexia and clonus ## Footnote ACP May 2022

Answer 32

Serotonin syndrome

Question 33

Breathing maneuver recommended during removal of central venous catheter to reduce risk of air embolism ## Footnote ACP September 2023

Answer 33

Exhalation

Question 34

Alcohol poisoning associated with flank pain and hematuria ## Footnote ACP September 2023

Answer 34

Ethylene glycol

Question 35

Diagnosis defined by new organ dysfunction and increased intra-abdominal pressure ## Footnote ACP September 2023

Answer 35

Abdominal compartment syndrome

Question 36

Sepsis risk score based on the presence of hypotension, tachypnea, and altered mentation ## Footnote ACP September 2023

Answer 36

Quick Sequential (or Sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment Score (accept qSOFA score; do not accept SOFA score)

Question 37

Eponym for echocardiographic finding of right ventricular mid-free-wall akinesia and apical hypercontractility associated with massive pulmonary embolism ## Footnote ACP September 2023

Answer 37

McConnell sign