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Infectología Flashcards

1
Q

Term for objects or materials which are able to transmit infection if contaminated

ACP June 2024

A

Fomite (accept fomes)

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2
Q

Name for measles infection in patients with preexisting but incompletely protective anti-measles antibody

ACP June 2024

A

Modified measles

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3
Q

Systemic reaction to endotoxin-like products released by the death of harmful microorganisms following initiation of antibiotic treatment

ACP June 2024

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

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4
Q

Bacterial species associated with bacillary angiomatosis

ACP June 2024

A

Bartonella

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5
Q

Antibiotic treament of choice for infection with the waterborne intestinal protozoan Cyclospora cayetanensis

ACP June 2024

A

Trimathoprim-sulfamethoxazole

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6
Q

The most common bacterium infecting adult joints

ACP July 2019

A

S. aureus (accept MRSA)

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7
Q

Antibiotic treatment duration for Lyme arthritis without neurologic involvement

ACP July 2019

A

28 days

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8
Q

Most likely organism responsible for this patient’s CSF findings

Falta imagen

ACP July 2019

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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9
Q

Initial skin decontamination procedure for exposure to HIV containing fluid

ACP July 2019

A

Wash with soap and water

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10
Q

The two antiretroviral drugs indicated for HIV preexposure prophylaxis

ACP July 2019

A

Tenofovir-emtricitabine (do not accept Truvada)

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11
Q

Most common cause of health-care related diarrhea

ACP November 2016

A

Clostridium difficile

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12
Q

Empiric 2-drug antibiotic therapy for patient with this CSF gram-stain

ACP November 2016

A

Vancomycin and 3rd generation cephalosporin (e.g., cefotaxime, ceftriaxone)

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13
Q

Definition of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

ACP November 2016

A

Resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin

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14
Q

Infection associated with properdin deficiency

ACP November 2016

A

Neisseria infection (accept either Neisseria meningitis or gonorrhea)

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15
Q

Condition associated with this rash is transmitted by the Lone Star tick

ACP November 2016

A

Southern tick-associated rash illness

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16
Q

Recommended treatment of early localized Lyme disease in pregnancy

ACP december 2019

A

Amoxicillin or cefuroxime axetil (either)

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17
Q

Most likely agent causing aphasia and weakness in patient with CD4 count < 100/µL and this MRI

Falta imagen

ACP december 2019

A

JC virus

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18
Q

Drug class recommended as initial therapy for candidemia in a non-neutropenic host

ACP december 2019

A

Echinocandins

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19
Q

Specific type of penicillin recommended for the treatment of secondary syphilis

ACP december 2019

A

A: Benzathine penicillin G

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20
Q

The preferred diagnostic serology test for ehrlichiosis

ACP december 2019

A

Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test (accept PCR)

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21
Q

Most commonly reported vector-borne disease in the US

ACP June 2021

A

Lyme disease (accept Borrelia burgdorferi)

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22
Q

Common antecedent event of jugular vein suppurative thrombophlebitis

ACP June 2021

A

Acute pharyngitis (accept tonsillitis; peritonsilar abscess; Fusobacterium infection)

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23
Q

Adjuvant treatment for tuberculosis meningitis

ACP June 2021

A

Dexamethasone (accept steroid, glucocorticoid, corticosteroid)

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24
Q

Isolation precautions for disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection

ACP June 2021

A

Airborne and contact

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25
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30
The 3 most common laboratory abnormalities in patients with human ehrlichia diseases ## Footnote ACP June 2021
Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated aminotransferases
31
Agent causing erythema infectiosum infection ## Footnote ACP August 2021
Parvovirus B19
32
Antibiotic treatment duration for Lyme arthritis in the absence of neurologic involvement ## Footnote ACP August 2021
28 days
33
Two most common lethal complications of direct measles infection ## Footnote ACP August 2021
Pneumonia and encephalitis
34
Two most common predisposing factors for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis ## Footnote ACP August 2021
Neutropenia and glucocorticoid use
35
Therapy utilizing bacteria-specific viruses to treat bacterial infection ## Footnote ACP August 2021
Phage therapy (accept bacteriophage therapy)
36
Syndrome of an infection-related toxin that produces a diffuse 'sunburn' rash ## Footnote ACP October 2021
Toxic shock syndrome (accept Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome)
37
Viral infection associated with the development of B cell lymphomas, T cell lymphomas, and nasopharyngeal carcinomas ## Footnote ACP October 2021
Epstein-Barr virus
38
The three primary patterns of West Nile neuroinvasive disease ## Footnote ACP October 2021
Meningitis, encephalitis, flaccid paralysis
39
Organism responsible for the most common infectious cause of blindness worldwide ## Footnote ACP October 2021
Chlamydia trachomatis (do not accept trachoma)
40
Recommended initial antimicrobial therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with HIV infection ## Footnote ACP October 2021
41
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) can produce this toxin ## Footnote ACP December 2017
Shiga toxin (accept vero toxin)
42
CDC prefers IGRA over tuberculin skin testing in patients with this medical history ## Footnote ACP December 2017
Previous BCG vaccination (accept BCG treatment)
43
The most common organ infected by Nocardia ## Footnote ACP December 2017
Lung
44
Infection associated with merozoites arranged in Maltese Cross pattern in peripheral blood smear ## Footnote ACP December 2017
Babesia
45
Vancomycin minimum trough concentration recommended for S. aureus vertebral osteomyelitis ## Footnote ACP December 2017
≥15 μg/mL
46
Indication for infective endocarditis prophylaxis following cardiac transplantation ## Footnote ACP September 2017
Valvulopathy
47
The two most important human ehrlichial diseases ## Footnote ACP September 2017
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis
48
Cause of an acute febrile reaction, headache and myalgia within the first 24 hours of erythema migrans treatment ## Footnote ACP September 2017
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
49
Interval following Td vaccination appropriate for Tdap vaccination ## Footnote ACP September 2017
At any time
50
L. monocytogenes meningitis treatment in penicillin allergic patient ## Footnote ACP September 2017
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
51
Term for immunity resulting from minimizing the number of individuals in a population susceptible to an infection ## Footnote ACP April 2024
Herd immunity (accept herd effect; community immunity; community effect)
52
Eponym for area of parenchymal lung consolidation with involvement of adjacent lymph nodes in primary tuberculosis infection ## Footnote ACP April 2024
Ghon complex
53
Likely diagnosis for patient with relative bradycardia, pulse-temperature dissociation, abdominal pain, and small rose-colored skin rash ## Footnote ACP April 2024
Enteric fever (accept typhoid fever; typhoid and paratyphoid infection)
54
Eponymous name for severe leptospirosis infection complicated by fever, jaundice, kidney failure, and hemorrhage ## Footnote ACP April 2024
Weil disease
55
Primary treatment for post-kidney transplant BK polyomavirus-associated nephropathy ## Footnote ACP April 2024
Decrease immunosuppression
56
Recommended hand hygiene intervention to limit outbreaks of Clostridioides difficile infection ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Hand washing with soap and water (accept hand washing)
57
Noninfectious morphological form of Giardia that adhere to the mucosa of the small bowel ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Trophozoites
58
Most common viral cause of recurrent benign lymphocytic meningitis ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Herpes simplex virus, type 2 (accept HSV-2; do not accept HSV alone)
59
Primary syphilis in HIV-infected individuals is more likely to have this distinguishing clinical feature ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Multiple chancres
60
Bacterial genus associated with cellulitis in patients treated with leeches ## Footnote ACP February 2024
Aeromonas
61
Organism responsible for most cases of chronic bacterial prostatitis ## Footnote ACP March 2020
E. coli
62
Immediate postexposure prevention for varicella-zoster virus infection in immunocompromised patient ## Footnote ACP March 2020
Varicella-zoster immune globulin
63
The antibodies and antigen assessed by the 4th generation HIV test ## Footnote ACP March 2020
HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody and HIV p24 antigen (all three required)
64
Disease that can cause these syndromes: ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, pharyngeal, typhoidal, and pneumonic ## Footnote ACP March 2020
Tularemia
65
The 3 most common sites for nocardiosis infection ## Footnote ACP March 2020
Lung, CNS, and skin
66
The most common pathogen responsible for jugular vein suppurative thrombophlebitis ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Fusobacterium necrophorum
67
The most common symptom of primary tuberculosis ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Fever
68
This temperature threshold sustained for 1 hour defines neutropenic fever ## Footnote ACP April 2020
>38.0°C (100.4°F) (accept 38.0°C or 100.4°F)
69
Clinical syndrome associated with 'sandpaper' rash and 'strawberry tongue' ## Footnote ACP April 2020
Scarlet fever
70
Preferred antibiotic treatment of traveler's diarrhea for travelers to Asia ## Footnote ACP april 2020
Azithromycin
71
Agent responsible for oral hairy leukoplakia ## Footnote ACP june 2020
Ebstein-Barr virus infection
72
Condition characterized by fever, hypotension, diffuse erythroderma, and multiple organ involvement ## Footnote ACP June 2020
Toxic shock syndrome
73
The three stages of early syphilis ## Footnote ACP June 2020
Primary syphilis, secondary syphilis, early latent syphilis
74
Two ocular infectious complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis ## Footnote ACP June 2020
Preseptal (periorbital) cellulitis, orbital cellulitis, subperiosteal abscess (any 2)
75
A rapidly growing mycobacterium that is the most common cause of skin infection associated with contaminated whirlpool footbaths ## Footnote ACP June 2020
M fortuitum, M. chelonae, or M. abscessus (any one)
76
Tuberculin skin test threshold to initiate treatment for latent TB in a patient planning to take infliximab ## Footnote ACP July 2020
5 mm
77
Most common form of naturally occurring anthrax ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Cutaneous
78
Eponym for the pathognomonic mucosal finding of measles ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Koplik's spots
79
Drug of choice for pregnant patients with life-threatening human ehrlichiosis ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Doxycycline or rifampin (either)
80
Three intestinal infections most likely to result in profuse watery diarrhea ## Footnote ACP July 2020
Cholera, cryptosporidiosis, and Cyclospora
81
AIDS-related primary CNS lymphoma is related to this infection ## Footnote ACP June 2018
Epstein-Barr virus
82
Infectious Disease Society of America single oral temperature threshold defining neutropenic fever ## Footnote ACP June 2018
>38.3°C (101°F)
83
Sepsis with Capnocytophaga canimorsus is associated with this medical condition ## Footnote ACP June 2018
Asplenia
84
Therapy for MRSA bacteremia in vancomycin allergic patient ## Footnote ACP June 2018
Daptomycin
85
Mosquito genus responsible for transmitting malaria ## Footnote ACP June 2018
Anopheles mosquito
86
Dose and route of ceftriaxone to treat uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis ## Footnote ACP October 2018
250 mg IM
87
Period of time to provide endocarditis prophylaxis following completely repaired congenital heart defects with prosthetic material ## Footnote ACP October 2018
6 months
88
Malaria species associated with crescent or sausage-shaped gametocytes ## Footnote ACP October 2018
P. falciparum
89
Most common bacterial cause of Lemierre syndrome ## Footnote ACP October 2018
Fusobacterium necrophorum
90
The principle tick vector for E. chaffeensis ## Footnote ACP October 2018
Lone Star tick (Amblyomma americanum)
91
IDSA guideline recommends treatment of C. difficile colitis with vancomycin for this rise in serum creatinine ## Footnote ACP December 2018
>1.5 × baseline (accept 1.5 )
92
Class of antibiotics that is first-line therapy for pertussis infection ## Footnote ACP December 2018
Macrolides
93
Name of toxin responsible for S. aureus toxic shock syndrome ## Footnote ACP December 2018
Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (accept: Toxic shock syndrome toxin, TSST, or TSST-1)
94
Organism associated with ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, pharyngeal, typhoidal, and pneumonic syndromes ## Footnote ACP December 2018
Francisella tularensis
95
Plasmodium species which infects humans and macaque monkeys in Southeast Asia ## Footnote ACP December 2018
Knowlesi
96
Hormone precursor used as a biomarker for bacterial infection ## Footnote ACP May 2023
Procalcitonin
97
Two drug combination approved for pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection ## Footnote ACP May 2023
Tenofovir and emtricitabine (do not accept Truvada)
98
Most frequently fatal rickettsial disease in the US ## Footnote ACP May 2023
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
99
Organism responsible for cat scratch disease ## Footnote ACP May 2023
Bartonella henselae (do not accept Bartonella alone)
100
Common term for shistosomal cercarial dermatitis ## Footnote ACP May 2023
Swimmer's itch
101
Three component tests included in the CDC-recommended initial blood test for HIV infection ## Footnote ACP January 2023
HIV-1 antibody, HIV-2-antibody, p24 viral antigen (accept 'HIV 1 and 2 antibodies and p24 viral antigen', do not accept 'viral load')
102
Term for strains of enteric Escherichia coli capable of producing Shiga toxin ## Footnote ACP January 2023
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (accept enterhemorrhagic E. coli)
103
Aspergillus-specific serum immunoassay potentially useful in diagnosing invasive infectionName of reclassified genus for Clostridium difficile ## Footnote ACP January 2023
Galactomannan assay
104
Genetic disorder associated with fulminant infection in Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever ## Footnote ACP January 2023
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (accept G6PD deficeincy)
105
Name of reclassified genus for Clostridium difficile ## Footnote ACP January 2023
Clostridioides
106
Initial symptom of Rockey Mountain Spotted Fever ## Footnote ACP June 2013
Fever
107
Measurement criterion for a positive PPD in injection drug users ## Footnote ACP June 2013
≥ 10 mm
108
Infection associated with "sulfur granules" in draining sinuses ## Footnote ACP June 2013
Actinomycosis
109
Name of this rash caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum | Falta imagen ## Footnote ACP June 2013
Erythrasma
110
A gram-negative infection in HIV patients that mimics Kaposi sarcoma ## Footnote ACP June 2013
Bacillary angiomatosis (accept organism, Bartonella)

INCMNSZ (29 decks)

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