Nervous System(short)

Question 1

neuron functions: stimulate skeletal muscles

Answer 1

multipolar

Question 2

neuron functions: found in special senses

Answer 2

bipolar

Question 3

neuron functions: sensory neurons(only vision and taste)

Answer 3

unipolar

Question 4

neuron functions: neuron functions: take info away from CNS

Answer 4

motor/efferent neurons

Question 5

neuron functions: take info to the CNS

Answer 5

sensory neurons

Question 6

neuron functions: communicate with other ____________________; only in CNS(spinal cord)

Answer 6

interneurons/association neurons

Question 7

neuron functions: extensions cover/control blood vessels and form the blood-brain barrier; repair and communicate with other glia and neurons

Answer 7

astrocytes

Question 8

neuron functions: extensions that produce myelin; which covers the axons of myelinated neurons

Answer 8

oligodendrocytes

Question 9

neuron functions: include phagocytes, which engulf bacteria

Answer 9

microglial cells/microglia

Question 10

neuron functions: epithelial cells; line cavities/ventricles and tubes(spinal cord); some make CSF and others have cilia to move it

Answer 10

ependymal cells

Question 11

neuron functions: cover cell bodies and sensory neurons

Answer 11

satellite cells

Question 12

neuron functions: produce myelin for the axons of the sensory receptors of incoming/motor neurons

Answer 12

schwann cells

Question 13

impulses: each section of the axon stimulates the next section; axons are unmyelinated; slow, about 2 mph

Answer 13

continuous propogation

Question 14

impulses: skips sections because axons are myelinated; fast, 200-300 mph; myelin covers/blocks if they are there; still has unmyelinated sections called the Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 14

saltatory propogation

Question 15

what does the outer dura mater of the brain attach to?

Answer 15

the periosteum of the skull

Question 16

which of the meninges contains the “seatbelts” that hold the brain in place?

Answer 16

inner dura mater

Question 17

what is the arachnoid layer made up of?

Answer 17

elastic and collagen fibers

Question 18

which layer is directly attached to the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 18

pia mater

Question 19

parts of the brain: secretary for all sensory info except smell

Answer 19

thalamus

Question 20

parts of the brain: contains the pineal gland, and controls the circadian rhythm

Answer 20

epithalamus

Question 21

parts of the brain: has nerve tracts on the anterior side and balls for involuntary movement, sound, and vision on the posterior side

Answer 21

midbrain

Question 22

parts of the brain: contain nerve tracts to and from the cerebellum for motor control AND centers to adjust involuntary controls

Answer 22

pons

Question 23

parts of the brain: contain nerve tracts that carry both sensory and motor info; sets involuntary controls

Answer 23

medulla oblongata

Question 24

parts of the brain: the most posterior part of the brain; contains all muscle memory

Answer 24

cerebellum

Question 25

what are the 3 main things contained within CSF?

Answer 25

-ions -lots of glucose -waste(CO2)

Question 26

other name for postcentral gyrus

Answer 26

primary sensory cortex

Question 27

other name for precentral gyrus

Answer 27

primary motor cortex

Question 28

lobes: contains the postcentral gyrus and the somatic sensory association

Answer 28

parietal lobe

Question 29

lobes: contains the visual cortex and the visual association area

Answer 29

occipital lobe

Question 30

lobes: contains the gustatory cortex, gustatory association area, olfactory cortex, and the olfactory association area

Answer 30

insula

Question 31

which lobe controls motor functions?

Answer 31

frontal lobe

Question 32

what are the 3 motor areas?

Answer 32

-primary motor cortex -motor speech area/Broca's area -frontal eye field

Question 33

what are the 5 sensory areas?

Answer 33

-primary somatosensory cortex -primary visual cortex -primary auditory cortex -primary gustatory cortex -primary olfactory cortex

Question 34

what are the 5 association areas?

Answer 34

-somatic motor/premotor cortex -auditory association area -visual association area -Wernicke area -somatic sensory association area

Question 35

nerve axons that stay in the same hemisphere

Answer 35

association areas

Question 36

nerve axons that go from the right to the left hemisphere

Answer 36

commissural tracts

Question 37

nerve axons that go from the cerebrum to a different part of the brain

Answer 37

projection tracts

Question 38

what are the 5 types of basal nuclei in the cerebrum?

Answer 38

-caudate nucleus -lentiform nucleus -globus pallidus -putamen -amygdaloid body

Question 39

final relay point for all sensory info(except olfaction) before it goes to the somatic sensory cortex/gyrus; acts as a filter for all sensory info; coordinates voluntary and involuntary motor commands

Answer 39

thalamus

Question 40

regulates day and night cycles; contains the pineal gland

Answer 40

epithlalmus

Question 41

descending bundles of nerve tracts that go from the cerebrum to either the cerebellum through the pons OR the spinal cord for motor commands

Answer 41

cerebral peduncles

Question 42

network of interconnected nuclei that extend through the brain stem

Answer 42

reticular formation