Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy/Physiology > Chapter 16: The Digestive System > Flashcards

Chapter 16: The Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 functions of the digestive system?

A

-ingestion
-mechanical processing
-digestion
-secretion
-absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

physically breaks up food to get more surface area

A

buccal/oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the anterior boundary of the oral cavity?

A

lips/labias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the posterior boundary of the oral cavity?

A

pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the lateral boundaries of the oral cavity?

A

cheeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the area between the cheeks/lips and the gums/teeth called?

A

vestibule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the superior boundary of the oral cavity?

A

palates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the inferior boundary of the oral cavity?

A

tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is underneath the tongue that keeps it from being swallowed?

A

lingual fundibulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the 3 functions of the tongue?

A

-place food under teeth without getting bitten
-mechanical digestion
-sensory info(make decisions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the main function of the salivary gland?

A

secrete saliva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how much saliva is produced in one day?

A

1-1.5 liters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the 4 functions of the salivary glands?

A

-digest food(carbs)
-buffer(neutralize acidity from stomach)
-secrete mucin
-antibacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

salivary glands that empty into the vestibule of the upper 2nd molar; has salivary amylase; there are 2 of these

A

parotid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

salivary glands under the tongue; have several ducts that empty into the lingual fundibulum; there are 2 of these

A

sublingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

salivary glands that have several ducts that empty into the lingual fundibulum; there are 2 of these

A

submandibular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how many teeth are there in an adult mouth?

A

16 per jaw(32 total)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how many teeth are there in a child mouth?

A

10 per jaw(20 total)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the 4 types of teeth?

A

incisors, cuspids, bicuspids, molars

20
Q

teeth: blades/knives; used for cutting; 8 total

A

incisors

21
Q

teeth: canines/fangs; shovel; used for piercing/stabbing/ripping/tearing; 4 total

A

cuspids

22
Q

teeth: 2 shovel-like edges(8 total); lots of tearing, piercing, and grinding of food; combo teeth

A

bicuspids

23
Q

teeth: 12 total?; grinding, chewing

A

molars

24
Q

what type of cells make up the pharynx?

A

stratified squamous

25
Q

reminder to figure out oropharynx and laryngopharynx

A

yes

26
Q

the pharynx contains sensors that initiate the _____________________

A

swallow reflex

27
Q

approximately 10 inches long; stratified squamous; has mucous; muscular tube

A

esophagus

28
Q

what do the stratified squamous cells and mucous do for the esophagus?

A

helps to resist mechanical and temperature abrasions

29
Q

what is the upper 1/3 of the esophagus made up of?

A

skeletal muscle

30
Q

what is the middle 1/3 of the esophagus made up of?

A

skeletal and smooth muscle

31
Q

what is the bottom 1/3 of the esophagus made up of?

A

smooth muscle

32
Q

what are the 2 circular, longitudinal bands of smooth muscle on the esophagus used for?

A

peristalsis

33
Q

involuntary movement of food throughout the digestive tubes

A

peristalsis

34
Q

what are the 3 phases of the swallow reflex?

A

oral phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase

35
Q

swallow reflex: mouth, teeth, and tongue; mash, rip, and grind food and form bolus until the tongue thinks it feels ok to go down the esophagus; tongue starts to swallow–>soft palate moves upwards(hides nasal pharynx–>makes sure food doesn’t go into nasal area)

A

oral phase

36
Q

chewed/mashed up ball of food

A

bolus

37
Q

swallow reflex: sensors on backside of tongue and walls of pharynx; trachea goes upwards and epiglottis flap covers the top of the trachea–>can’t breathe–>food can’t go down trachea; upper esophageal sphincter releases; bolus goes into esophagus

A

pharyngeal phase

38
Q

swallow reflex: peristalsis takes food the rest of the way; lower esophageal sphincter relaxes and takes food into stomach

A

esophageal phase

39
Q

what type of epithelium makes up the stomach?

A

simple columnar

40
Q

what are the 4 functions of the stomach?

A

-temporary storage
-mechanical breakdown
-chemical breakdown
-production of intrinsic factor

41
Q

a protein produced by parietal and chief? cells of the stomach to help the SI to absorb Vitamin B12

A

intrinsic factor

42
Q

fluid in stomach that breaks down bonds that hold tissue together(plants and meat)

A

stomach acid(HCl)

43
Q

breaks down protein/peptide bonds

A

pepsin

44
Q

what does the stomach turn the bolus into?

A

chyme

45
Q

nutrient-rich; chick broth like material; very acidic

A

chyme

46
Q

what are the folds in the stomach when empty called?

A

rugae

47
Q

contain gastric glands

A

gastric pits

Anatomy/Physiology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions