Cranial Nerves: functions Flashcards
*used in sense of smell
*originate in upper nasal cavity and penetrate the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to synapse in the __________ bulbs of the brain–> then to ___________ centers
NI
*carry visual info from the eyes–> through optic foramen–>intersect at optic chiasm–>right and left thalamus–>visual centers
NII
*nerves innervate 4 out of 6 muscles that move the eye(superior, medial, and inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles)
*carry autonomic fibers to intrinsic eye muscles that control amount of light entering eye and shape of lens
NIII
*innervate superior oblique muscles of eyes
NIV
*brings in info from head and face
*3 branches:
-ophthalmic: info from orbit of eye, nasal cavity, eyelids, and nose
-maxillary: info from lower eyelid, upper lip, cheek, nose, upper gums and teeth, palate, and portions of pharynx
-mandibular: info from skin of temples, lower gums and teeth, salivary glands, and anterior portions of the tongue
NV
*innervates the lateral rectus(6th muscle of extrinsic eye muscles)
*abducts the eyeball, causing it to move more laterally, away from the midline of the body
NVI
*sensory: monitor proprioceptors(position of muscles) of facial muscles, provide deep pressure sensations of the face, and taste along the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
*motor: produce facial expressions by controlling superficial muscles near ears
*carry autonomic neurons that control tear and salivary glands
NVII
*monitor sensory receptors of inner ear
*2 parts
-vestibular nerve: conveys info on position, movement, and balance
-cochlear nerve: monitors receptors of cochlea; responsible for sense of hearing
NVIII
*provide sensory info from ear canals, diaphragm; and taste receptors in pharynx and from visceral receptors along the esophagus, respiratory tract, and abdominal organs(last portion of LI); this info is vital to autonomic control of visceral organs
*motor nerves control/innervate the muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, and esophagus and affect cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands of the esophagus, stomach, intestine, and gall bladder
NX
*innervate structures in neck and back
*2 branches
-internal: joins vagus nerve and innervates the voluntary swallowing muscles of the soft palate and pharynx, as well as the laryngeal muscles that control the vocal cords and produce speech
-external: controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
NXI
*provide voluntary control for skeletal muscles of the tongue
NXII
