Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Nervous System, Includes Eye > Flashcards

Nervous System, Includes Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what does the CNS consist of

A

brain and spinal chord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the PNS consist of

A

sensory and motor neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

steps in responding to a stimulus

A

1.receptors detect a stimulus
2.the impulse is sent along the sensory neuron to the spinal chord
3.the CNS integrates the information and, if necessary, sends it to the brain for processing prior to initiating a response
4.the impulse is sent from the CNS along the motor neurons to the effector
5.the effector generates the response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what do sensory neurons do in the PNS

A

they conduct impulses from sensory receptors in the skin and other locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do motor neurons do in the PNS

A

they cause muscles to contract, and other organs to function. They transmit impulses from the CNS to the muscles and other organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do the interneurons do in the CNS

A

transmit impulses between sensory and motor neurons within the brain or spinal chord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do chemoreceptors do

A

detect the presence of chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what do thermoreceptors do

A

detect changes in the temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what do mechanoreceptors do

A

detect mechanical changes in the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what do photoreceptors do

A

detect the presence of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

auditory receptors (mechanoreceptors)

A

hair cells in the inner ear vibrate according to the pitch and volume of sounds. they send impulses via the auditory nerve to the brain for processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

gustatory receptors (chemoreceptors)

A

the tongues of many animals are covered with papillae which contain taste buds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

visual receptors (photoreceptors)

A

photoreceptors in the retinal layer of the eye respond to light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

somatosensory (mechanoreceptors)

A

skin contains a variety of receptors which respond to temperature, touch or pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

olfactory(chemoreceptors)

A

receptors in the nasal cavity respond to odour molecules in the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

description of the eyelid

A

fold of skin which covers the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

function of the eyelid

A

cleaning and protecting the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

description of the cornea

A

transparent covering on the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

function of the cornea

A

protecting the eye, helping bend light rays that enter the eye

20
Q

description of the sclera

A

white part of the eye made of tough collagen fibres

21
Q

function of the sclera

A

providing protection and support

22
Q

description of the retina

A

layer of light-sensitive cells at the back of the eye

23
Q

function of the retina

A

detecting light rays

24
Q

description of the choroid

A

layer of blood vessels with a black pigment

25
Q

function of the choroid

A

nourishing the eye and absorbing the light

26
Q

description of the iris

A

ring of muscles around the pupil, coloured which provides eye colour

27
Q

function of the iris

A

controls the amount of light entering the eye

28
Q

description of the lens

A

transparent, flexible and can change shape due to the ciliary muscles

29
Q

function of the lens

A

focusing the light onto the retina and focuses on objects

30
Q

description of the pupil

A

hole in the middle of the iris

31
Q

function of the pupil

A

allowing light to enter the eye

32
Q

description of the ciliary body

A

attached to the underside of the lens

33
Q

function of the ciliary body

A

producing aqueous humour and helping with focusing by altering the shape of the lens

34
Q

where is the aqueous humour found

A

found behind the cornea

35
Q

function of the aqueous humour

A

helping to keep its rounded shape, providing nutrients to the cornea and lens

36
Q

where is the vitreous humour found

A

behind the lens

37
Q

function of the vitreous humour

A

gives the eyeball its shape

38
Q

where is the lateral rectus muscles found

A

on the lateral side of the eye

39
Q

function of the lateral rectus muscle

A

helping orientate the pupil away from the centre of the body

40
Q

where is the medial rectus muscle found

A

on the medial side of the eye

41
Q

function of the medial rectus muscle

A

helping orientate the pupil towards the centre of the body

42
Q

description of the optic disc

A

blind spot where there are no photoreceptors

43
Q

function of the optic disc

A

where the optic nerves leave the eye

44
Q

description of the optic nerve

A

bundle of fibres

45
Q

function of the optic nerve

A

relaying information from the retina and fovea to the brain

46
Q

description of the fovea

A

spot located ion the macula, which has a high density of cone cells

47
Q

function of the fovea

A

gives sharp central vision, light is focused onto this spot by the lens

Biology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions