adaptation and variation Flashcards
What is a physiological adaptation
adaptations to the animals body processes
what is anatomical adaptations
adaptations to the shape or structure of an animals body
what is a behavioural adaptation
adaptations to an animals language, tool use or survival strategies
what is evolution
a change to characteristics over several generations
what is speciation
evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species
what is a genotype
refers to the genetic makeup of an organism
what is a phenotype
set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype within the environment
what are variations
differences that are linked to genes on DNA so they are heritable traits as they can be passed from parents to their offspring
what is natural selection
where variation leads to individuals becoming less likely to survive, their phenotype reduces in population
what are characteristics of fish
gills, wet scales, fins, ectotherms, egg laying
what is the vertebrate class for fish
pisces
what is the vertebrate class for reptiles
reptilia
what is the vertebrate class for amphibians
amphibia
what is the vertebrate class for birds
aves
what is the vertebrate class for mammals
mammalia
what are the characteristics of reptiles
dry scales, egg laying, ectotherms, 4 or 0 legs, breathe air, ear holes instead of ears
what are the characteristics of amphibians
moist skin, ectotherms, egg laying, 4 legs, webbed feet
what are the characteristics of birds
feathers and wings, egg laying, beaks, 2 legs, endotherms, ear holes instead of ears
what are the characteristics of mammals
hair or fur, birth live young, produce milk, endotherms, have external ears, breathe air
