integumentary system

Question 1

What does the integumentary system include

Answer 1

skin, glands, feathers, hair/fur, nails, claws, horns and antlers

Question 2

purpose of the integumentary system

Answer 2

-protects underlying tissues
-waterproofing
-excretion ad temperature regulation
-sensory receptors
-‘tools’ for grasping, fighting, sexual display etc.

Question 3

what are the 3 layers of the skin

Answer 3

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 4

function of the epidermis

Answer 4

waterproof, outer layer which keeps pathogens out of the body. It is elastic and gives skin it’s colour

Question 5

function of the dermis

Answer 5

middle layer which contains hair follicles, nerves, blood vessels and glands to help regulate body temp

Question 6

function of the hypodermis

Answer 6

made of connective tissue and has a higher amount of fat which provides insulation and shape

Question 7

skin-function of sudoriferous

Answer 7

secrete sweat

Question 8

skin-function of sebaceous

Answer 8

secrete sebum which keeps hair and skin lubricated

Question 9

skin-function of ceruminous

Answer 9

specialised sudoriferous glands which secrete ear wax

Question 10

hair-function of downy hair

Answer 10

dense, fine, soft hairs which lie close to the skin making the undercoat. good for insulation

Question 11

hair-function of guard hair

Answer 11

coarse, thicker, longer hairs makeup the top coat. Help prevent injuries to the skin and influences the animals appearance

Question 12

function of nails

Answer 12

a nail matrix forms on top of the dermis. The root of the nail grows from a thick layer of matrix

Question 13

function of claws and hooves

Answer 13

made of a selection of the dermis which is covered in a layer of keratinised epithelium

Question 14

Function of flight feathers

Answer 14

help the bird stay air borne, gives strength for flight and responsible for thrust, lift and control; sometimes used for courtship

Question 15

function of protection feathers

Answer 15

protect underlying skin and areas around the mouth and eyes

Question 16

function of warmth feathers

Answer 16

insulating: number of feathers a bird has can change throughout the year

Question 17

function of stealth feathers

Answer 17

in some species flight feathers are adapted for silent flight

Question 18

function of display feathers

Answer 18

part of mating behaviours

Question 19

avoiding predation

Answer 19

some birds have brightly coloured feathers which they flash to distract predators. others use their feathers as camouflage

Question 20

function of contour feathers

Answer 20

gives the bird its shape and colour. Helps insulate and keeps bird streamlined

Question 21

function of down feathers

Answer 21

small, soft and fluffy. Trap air in an insulating layer

Question 22

function of semi-plume feathers

Answer 22

found underneath contour feathers, used for insulation

Question 23

function of bristle feathers

Answer 23

found on head, around eyelids, nares and mouth.

Question 24

function of filoplume feathers

Answer 24

very small and attached to nerve endings. Send information to the brain about feather alignment