Nervous system

Question 1

What are the two parts of the nervous system?

Answer 1

Central and peripheral nervous system

Question 2

What is included in the CNS?

Answer 2

The brain and spinal cord

Question 3

What is included in the PNS?

Answer 3

Cranial and spinal nerves

Question 4

The PNS can be split into two different categories, what are these?

Answer 4

Sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent)

Question 5

Both the sensory and motor neurons can be split into two sub-groups, what are these?

Answer 5

Somatic and Visceral

Question 6

What is different between the somatic and visceral systems?

Answer 6

Visceral falls under the autonomic nervous system where as somatic does not

Question 7

What type of processes would fall under the visceral system?

Answer 7

Secretion from glands, blood vessels, unconscious decisions

Question 8

What is the ANS divided into?

Answer 8

The parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system

Question 9

What is the enteric nervous system?

Answer 9

The system that deals with the gut. It can almost work alone but it is influenced by the ANS

Question 10

What are neurons?

Answer 10

Excitable nerve cells which transfer action potentials and thus act as a on/off switch

Question 11

What makes a neuron?

Answer 11

The cell body (soma) and the neurite(s)

Question 12

What are the two types of neurites

Answer 12

Axon and dendrites

Question 13

What is an axon?

Answer 13

A single cell covered in a myelin (Schwann) sheath

Question 14

What are dendrites?

Answer 14

Multiple thin short extensions

Question 15

What are axons bound with?

Answer 15

A fascia called endoneurium

Question 16

What are neurons bound together with and what does this create?

Answer 16

Perineurium and a fasicle

Question 17

What are lots of fasicles bound together by and what does it create?

Answer 17

Epineurium and a nerve

Question 18

What are the layers in the CNS called?

Answer 18

Meninges

Question 19

What are the three different maters in meninges?

Answer 19

Dura, arachnoid and pia

Question 20

What are the spaces between the maters called?

Answer 20

Extra-dural, sub-dural and sub-arachnoid

Question 21

What can be found in the extra-dural and sub-dural space?

Answer 21

Haematome

Question 22

What can only be found in the sub-arachnoid space?

Answer 22

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

What does the somatic nervous system deal with?

Answer 23

Innervates skeletal muscles, skin, oral and nasal cavities

Question 24

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 24

Functions of smooth muscles, glands, internal organs and blood vessels

Relays information to the CNS

Question 25

What does the sympathetic system control?

Answer 25

Fight or flight

Question 26

What does the parasympathetic system control?

Answer 26

Rest and digest

Question 27

What is the apex of a neuron called?

Answer 27

Axon

Question 28

What is the base of a neuron called?

Answer 28

Dendrites

Question 29

What are the gaps between neurons called?

Answer 29

Synapses

Question 30

What carries the neurotransmitters to the synapse?

Answer 30

Synaptic vesicles

Question 31

What are the two ends of the synapse?

Answer 31

Pre and post synaptic membrane

Question 32

What can the myelin sheath be split into?

Answer 32

Internide and node of ranvier

Question 33

What does the node of ranvier allow?

Answer 33

Nerves to move faster along the axon

Question 34

What are astrocytes?

Answer 34

The metabolic and mechanical support of neurons

Question 35

What are the two types of astrocytes?

Answer 35

Fibrous and protplasmic

Question 36

What are microglial cells?

Answer 36

The resident macrophages of the CNS