Heart and Circulation

Question 1

What 4 things make up the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

Heart
Arterial system
Microcirculation
Venous system

Question 2

What vein carries deoxygenated blood from the head and upper extremity to the heart?

Answer 2

Superior vena cava

Question 3

What vein carries deoxygenated blood from the trunk and lower extremity to the heart?

Answer 3

Inferior vena cava

Question 4

What valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?

Answer 4

Tricuspid valve

Question 5

What valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

Answer 5

Mitral valve

Question 6

What is the heart surrounded by?

Answer 6

Pericardial sac

Question 7

Where is the heart positioned?

Answer 7

Lies centrally in the chest between the lungs and pleura, in the middle mediastinum

Question 8

What word describes how the 4 chambers in the heart work together?

Answer 8

Syncytium

Question 9

What happens if the blood in the heart starts flowing backwards?

Answer 9

It starts to coagulate

Question 10

What is the right auricle?

Answer 10

Extension of the right atrium

Question 11

What is the sternocostal surface?

Answer 11

The front of the heart

Question 12

Where is the diaphragmatic surface?

Answer 12

Where the heart meets the diaphragm

Question 13

Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

Answer 13

To the pulmonary trunk, which divides into the left and right pulmonary arteries

Question 14

Where does blood enter the left atrium from?

Answer 14

Left and right superior and inferior pulmonary veins

Question 15

What is the fossa ovalis?

Answer 15

The site where the foramen ovale would have been found in embryos

Question 16

What is the foramen ovale?

Answer 16

The opening between the right and left atrium that allowed oxygenated blood from the mother to pass by the foetal lungs

Question 17

How many pulmonary veins feed into the left atrium?

Answer 17

4

Question 18

What are the papillary muscles?

Answer 18

Muscles which send tendinous cords to the edges of the valve cusps

Question 19

What does the acronym LAB RAT, stand for?

Answer 19

Left Atrium Bicuspid, Right Atrium Tricuspid

Question 20

What is systole?

Answer 20

When the muscles in the heart contract and there is blood flow out

Question 21

What is diastole?

Answer 21

When the muscles in the heart relax allowing blood flow into the heart

Question 22

What stops a back flow of blood into the heart during diastole?

Answer 22

The blood forces itself between the cusps and vessel wall, forcing the valve to shut

Question 23

What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?

Answer 23

To provide blood supply to the heart

Question 24

Where do the two coronary arteries come from?

Answer 24

They originate from the aortic sinuses just above the valve cusps

Question 25

Where do coronary veins converge?

Answer 25

Along the coronary sinus which enters the right atrium

Question 26

How is pumping of the heart controlled?

Answer 26

A wave of conduction passes from the Sino-Atrial node, through the Atrio-ventricular (AV) node.

Question 27

What is the only route between the SA and AV node?

Answer 27

The bundle of His

Question 28

What word describes the system of contraction that is needed in the heart?

Answer 28

Synchronous

Question 29

Which organ controls blood volume?

Answer 29

Kidneys

Question 30

What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 30

Movement of the bulk flow of materials, temperature regulation, homeostasis, host defence