NB (065) Introduction to Neuropathology (Part three) Flashcards
Causes of increased intracranial pressure?
- Brain oedema
- Haemorrhages (haemorrhagic stroke)
- Brain tumour (primary, metastasis), abscess
- CSF drainage obstruction
Pathogenesis of Vasogenic oedema? (Affected and spared structures)
Causes of Vasogenic oedema?
-Trauma
- venous infarction
-tumors
-focal inflammation “abscess”
-lead intoxication
What do you see
What do you see
Pathogenesis of Cytotoxic edema and Sites affected?
Cause and pathogenesis of Interstitial edema?
what do you see
What is NON-COMMUNICATING HYDROCEPHALUS?
Mention its congenital and acquired pathogenesis.
What is COMMUNICATING HYDROCEPHALUS and its cause?
Identify the pathology
Picture shows 3 types of encephalic herniation: identify each.
Complications of Internal herniation for each of:
- Subfalcial herniation of the cingulate gyrus
-Transtentorial herniation
-Cerebellar tonsillar herniation
Pathogenesis of Subdural hematomas in brain dementias?
Conditions associated with intracerebral haemorrhage? (7 points)
What is the origin of glial neoplasms? (3 points)
The most common brain tumor in adults?
Astrocytoma
Usual site of Astrocytoma?
• Usually occurs in cerebral hemispheres
Usual presentation of Astrocytoma?
Usually presents with seizures, headaches, and focal neurologic deficits
Grades of Astrocytoma?
Ranges from low grade (“diffuse astrocytoma,” grade II of IV) to high grade (“glioblastoma,” grade IV of IV)
slide indicates a developing tumor; what do you see?
and diagnose
How does intracranial pressure rise on top of a mass occupying lesion?
• At the beginning:
• End result:
