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Germany History A-Level > Nazi culture > Flashcards

Nazi culture Flashcards

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1
Q

what affect did Gleichschaltung have?

A

Nazis took greater control over culture and education in the hope of indoctrinating the German people

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2
Q

what were the key themes of Nazi culture?

A

anti-Semitism
militarism and nationalism
cult of the Fuhrer
anti-modernisation

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3
Q

when was the first book burning ceremony?

A

10 May 1933

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4
Q

how many books burned in May 1933?

A

25,000

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5
Q

what books were banned and often burned?

A

anything unsound:
- foreign authors
- Jewish authors

anything which encouraged individualism and discouraged conformity

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6
Q

example of a book burned by the Nazis

A

All Quiet on the Western Front

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7
Q

which authors left Germany in 1933?

A

Thomas Mann - was a liberal
Remarque - was a pacifist

both were pioneers of Neue Sachlichkeit and thus had no place in Nazi society

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8
Q

which Jewish composers were banned?

A

Mahler and Mendelssohn

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9
Q

who was a prominent Nazi composer?

A

Wagner (despite being dead since 1883)

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10
Q

what did Wagner promote in his music?

A

was anti-Semitic as well as pro-Aryan

he did opera on German mythology

Hitler was obsessed with it

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11
Q

what type of music did the Nazis ban?

A

jazz and dance-bands

were deemed negroid and decadent

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12
Q

what did Nazi art look to portray?

A
  • ‘Blood and Soil’ ideology
  • Aryan ideologies
  • physical fitness
  • militaristic ideas
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13
Q

what was the ‘Blood and Soil’ ideology?

A

Aryan people served the Aryan land

promoted agriculture and the concept of Lebensraum

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14
Q

which types of art were heavily censored?

A

new functionalism
Bauhaus

both deemed as degenerate and were seen to be representations of the failures of liberalism

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15
Q

who was the most prominent Nazi artist?

A

Arno Breker

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16
Q

what did Arno Breker’s art symbolise?

A

core Aryan values:
fitness
purity
strength

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17
Q

what happened to Otto Dix?

A

he was prevented from producing anymore ‘degenerate art’

instead he was forced to produce landscape art for the Nazis

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18
Q

what were the two types of exhibition held in Nazi Germany?

A

Great German Art
Degenerate Art

19
Q

which art exhibition ended up being more popular?

A

degenerate art

perhaps shows the lack of popularity with the Great German Art which was on show

20
Q

who was the leading architect in Nazi Germany?

A

Albert Speer

21
Q

what was Speer’s architecture based on?

A

simplified neo-classical architecture

relied on the same materials used in Bauhaus architecture such as concrete

22
Q

examples of Speer projects

A

plans to rebuild German cities - Germania
the Berlin Olympics stadium
the Reich Chancellery building
the Nuremberg Rally grounds

23
Q

what happened to Bauhaus architecture?

A

was labelled degenerate by leading Nazis

many saw the modernism and functionalism as pathetic
- flat roofs were highly controversial

Bauhaus schools were forced to close throughout the 1930s

24
Q

what impact did Bauhaus have on Nazi architecture?

A

some modernist structures were built such as autobahn bridges which resembled Bauhaus ideologies

shows aspects of continuity

25
Q

what was the RKK?

A

Reichskulturkammer

controlled all forms of culture in Nazi Germany

26
Q

what art was seen as acceptable by the Nazis?

A

nationalist
approachable
realistic

27
Q

when was the RKK formed?

A

22 September 1933

28
Q

how did the Nazis look to get the public involved in culture?

A

Strength Through Joy trips to the theatre or art exhibitions

29
Q

when was the degenerate art exhibition in Munich?

A

1937

30
Q

how did the Nazis use the Olympic Games in 1936 as a triumph?

A

Germany won 33 gold medals and won the games

portrayed as a symbol of German fitness and strength

31
Q

when was Mother’s Day celebrated?

A

on Hitler’s mother’s birthday

32
Q

where was the Nazi rally ground?

A

Nuremberg

33
Q

how did the Nuremberg rallies play a role in Nazi culture?

A

it was a symbol of Nazi rule with large parades and swastikas everywhere

many party leaders would make long propaganda speeches

34
Q

how many people could the Nuremberg rally ground hold?

A

100,000

35
Q

what was the name of Albert Speer’s plans for Berlin?

A

Germania

36
Q

why was there a strong level of continuity in German cinema under the Nazis?

A

the large majority of German film studios were under the control of right-wing sympathisers —> UFA

37
Q

what happened to Fritz Lang under the Nazis?

A

his work was banned
BUT Goebbels offered him a job in Nazi cinema
he refused and fled to Paris

38
Q

what were the three types of Nazi films?

A

overt propaganda
pure escapism
emotive nationalism

39
Q

example of overt propaganda

A

The Eternal Jew

40
Q

what did The Eternal Jew showcase?

A

it presented the Jewish people as rats

scenes were shot in the Warsaw Ghetto which made the Jews look low life

was incredibly racist

41
Q

example of emotive nationalism

A

Olympia
Triumph of the Will

42
Q

what was Triumph of the Will about?

A

film about the 1934 Nuremberg rally

showed Hitler in a patriotic and popular light

43
Q

in what ways did Nazi culture succeed?

A

promoted strong family values as well as feelings of nationalism

44
Q

in what ways did Nazi culture fail?

A

it did not lead to a distrinct Nazi culture which was different and influential on future German culture

could argue that de-Nazification played a major part in tarnishing the legacy of Nazi culture

Germany History A-Level (54 decks)

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