nature of Nazi government

Question 1

why was the functioning of the state labelled as dualism?

Answer 1

there was confusion between the Nazi Party and the German State

many offices were either Nazi Party offices or government offices

Question 2

who wanted the Nazification of the civil service?

Answer 2

the revolutionary elements of the Nazi Party
they wanted the removal of the traditional state of government

Question 3

why did the Nazis not make significant changes to the civil service?

Answer 3

• was already made up of educated and experienced officials
• the radical element of the Nazi Party was slowed eroded with the ‘March’ converts
• Hitler’s ambiguity about the merging of party and state

Question 4

what law led to the removal of Jews from the civil service?

Answer 4

‘Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service’
April 1933

Question 5

who were the ‘March converts’?

Answer 5

those who joined the Nazi Party after January 1933 and during it’s consolidation of power

Question 6

what made up the civil service in Germany?

Answer 6

govt officials
judges
teachers

anyone working for the state

Question 7

when were civil servants forced to make an oath of loyalty to Hitler?

Answer 7

1934

Question 8

how many civil servants dissented and were later purged?

Answer 8

5%

Question 9

what was the Reich Chancellory responsible for?

Answer 9

coordinating government

Question 10

who was in charge of the Reich Chancellory?

Answer 10

Hans Lammers

Question 11

what was Hans Lammer’s role?

Answer 11

• drew up government legislation
• controlled the flow of information to Hitler

Question 12

who ran the government ministries at the start of Nazi rule?

Answer 12

leading civil servants who were mostly conservative

Question 13

what slowly challenged government ministries?

Answer 13

Nazi offices set up to carry out the same roles of governmental offices

Question 14

how did the Reich Chancellory pass through laws?

Answer 14

using the Enabling Act

Question 15

why did civil servants at the time, find the Nazi movement appealing?

Answer 15

• most were hostile to the Weimar Republic
• many believed in loyalty to Germany (something Nazism stressed)

Question 16

from what year did all civil servants have to be members of the Nazi Party?

Answer 16

1939

Question 17

when was the last time cabinet met under the Nazis?

Answer 17

1938

Question 18

why did Hitler disagree with the idea of a cabinet?

Answer 18

he was someone who did not like group policy so the concept of a cabinet went completely against his views

Question 19

after the Enabling Act how many laws were passed through the Reichstag during Nazi rule?

Answer 19

7

Question 20

when was the last time teh Reichstag was convened?

Answer 20

April 1942

Question 21

examples of government ministries being challenged

Answer 21

the Foreign Ministry was challenged by the Ribbentrop Bureau

the Economics Ministry was challenged by the Four-Year Plan

Question 22

why were the courts and judges willing to work with the Nazis?

Answer 22

they opposed the Weimar Republic
were sympathetic to the right-wing

Question 23

what did judges and lawyers have to sign up to under the Nazis?

Answer 23

Nazi Lawyer’s Association
and had to make the oath to Hitler

Question 24

what courts were set up in 1933 by the Nazis?

Answer 24

Special Courts to try political offences without a jury

Question 25

what court was formed in 1934?

Answer 25

the People’s Court
used to treat cases of high treason
jury was composed of specifically Nazi Party members

Question 26

what in 1941, subverted the traditional role of the judiciary?

Answer 26

the Nacht und Nebel decree
allowed SS to imprison anyone without question

no need for judicial system
became ‘show trials’

Question 27

what issues did the Nazi part have when it came to running govt?

Answer 27

• was consisted of too many organisations
• party and state were forced to coincide
  -Fuhrerprinzip led to selfish and ambitious Gauleiters

Question 28

why had the Nazi Party’s popularity led to the formation of specialist organisations and why was this a issue?

Answer 28

Nazis tried to attract all members of society
all these different societies neede to be regulated and controled

Question 29

what was Fuhrerprinzip?

Answer 29

idea of a one party state which was built on an all powerful leader

Question 30

why was Fuhrerprinzip flawed?

Answer 30

with Gauleiters believing that their only allegiance was to Hitler, many ignored the authority of the state and the party for their own political interests

Question 31

who dwveloped a party bureaucracy for the Nazis?

Answer 31

Rudolf Hess

Question 32

what powers were Hess given in 1935?

Answer 32

he was in charge of vetting all civil servants for appointment or promotion

he was incharge if overseeing the drafting if all legislation

Question 33

what was Bormann’s relationship with Hess?

Answer 33

Bormann was Hess’ chief-of-staff

Question 34

what two departments did Hess form to deal with strengthening the position of the Nazi Party?

Answer 34

The Department for Internal Party Affairs
The Department for Affairs of the State

Question 35

what was the role of The Department for Internal Party Affairs?

Answer 35

exerted discipline withing the Nazi party structure

Question 36

what was the role of The Department for Affairs of the State?

Answer 36

aimed to secure party supremacy over the state

Question 37

why did the Nazi Party fail in becoming the dominating influence in Germany?

Answer 37

• party beauracracy had to compete with the established state institutions
• the internal divisions within the party were never resolved
• the independance of the Gauleiters was difficult to control

Question 38

summary of Nazi structure

Answer 38

Question 39

fuhrerprinzip diagram

Answer 39