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RS > Natural Law > Flashcards

Natural Law Flashcards

1
Q

What is absolutism ?

A

The idas of what is right and wrong is fixed at all times and for all people

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2
Q

What is the apparent good ?

A

An action which someone mistakenly thinks is a real good , but they have not reasoned correctly

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3
Q

What is deontological ?

A

Ethics focuses on the rightness and wrongness of an action

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4
Q

What is the double effect ?

A

The idea that if doing something good also produces a bad side effect it s still ethically possible as the bad side effect was not intended

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5
Q

What is divine law ?

A

That which is revealed by God , such as the Ten Commandments

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6
Q

What is eternal law ?

A

Gods will for how the universe is to be

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7
Q

What is endemonia ?

A

An ultimate end in life which all actions lead towards

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8
Q

What is existentialism ?

A

A philosophical movement that stresses the uniqueness of each human individual by arguing that existence comes fore essence

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9
Q

What is human law ?

A

As humans are social animals they need to make regulations for society to be orderly so that people may flourish

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10
Q

What is naturalistic fallacy ?

A

The mistake of defining moral terms with reference to non moral or natural terms

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11
Q

What is natural law ?

A

Deontológicas theory that is based on behaviour that fits with given laws or moral rules that exist independently of human societies and systems

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12
Q

What is phronesis ?

A

An ancient geek philosophical term meaning wisdom or intelligence , mainly used to refer to practical wisdom and moral decision making

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13
Q

What is primary precepts ?

A

The most important rules n life

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14
Q

What is the principle of double effect ?

A

An act may have more than one effect
What matters is intention

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15
Q

what is the real good ?

A

Actions which are actually good and consistent with the moral principles of natural law

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16
Q

What is relativism ?

A

The idea of what is right and wrong is not fixed , but is dependant on situation or culture

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17
Q

What is a secondary precept ?

A

The laws which follow from primary precepts

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18
Q

What is situationalism ?

A

The belief that any moral theory must take note of the facts in each case before being appplied

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19
Q

What is synderesis ?

A

To follow the good and avoid evil . The rule which all precepts follow

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20
Q

What is the teleological ?

A

Moral goodness is determined by the end or result

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21
Q

What is telos ?

A

Greek word meaning the purpose or end of something

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22
Q

What is meta ethics ?

A

From the Greek word meta meaning above and beyond
The study of the meaning of ethical concepts

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23
Q

What is normative ethics ?

A

Considers ethical theories that gove advice on how we ought to behave

24
Q

What is applied ethics ?

A

Discusses specific problems in ethics

25
Q

What are the strengths of absolutism ?

A

Provides a universal code to measure everything against
Easier to apply than relativism

26
Q

What are the weaknesses of absolutism ?

A

Doesn’t consider diffferemt circumstances
Not concerned with the outcome fo an actin

27
Q

What are the strengths of relativism ?

A

Flexible
Focuses n people
Allows people to take responsibility

28
Q

What are the weaknesses of relativism ?

A

No two people may agreee on a judgement
More difficult to apply than absolutism

29
Q

For Aristotle where is telos found in humans ?

A

Rational thought

30
Q

For aquí as what is the main moral rule ?

A

We do good and avoid evil

31
Q

How do aquinas and Aristotle differ on the idea of telos ?

A

Aristotle believes that the goal and purpose of human life is endemonia and aquinas believes it is to go to heaven

32
Q

What did arototle consider in his works on physics and meta physics ?

A

Not only does everything has a purpose but that its supreme good is found when it fulfils that purpose

33
Q

What does Aristotle e believe a happy society is ?

A

One where all individuals and groups work for their own good in relation to everyone else

34
Q

What did aquinas believe each law depended on ?

A

Each law depended on the authority of the level above , with god being the ultimate source of all authority

35
Q

Did aquiasn believe we all had natural law inside of us ?

A

He believed that everyone has the sense of natural law within us

36
Q

What are the five primary precepts ?

A

Preservation of life
Reproduction
Educating the young
Living in a society
Worshiping god

37
Q

What are the five primar precepts for /

A

In order for us to live in a civilised society where we are free to survive and flourish

38
Q

What is the primary precept of preservation of life ?

A

We are to preserve life
Natural and reasonable for a person to be concerned with preserving its own being

39
Q

What is the primary precept of reproduction ?

A

Rational to ensure that life continues and this is the meaning purpose of sexual intercourse

40
Q

What is the primary precept of educating the young ?

A

Humans are intellectual creatures and t is natural for us to learn

41
Q

What is the primary precept of living in a society ?

A

We are social beings and it is good to live in an ordered society where it is possible to fulfil or purpose

42
Q

what is the primary precept of worshipping god ?

A

We are also spiritual beings and we should recognise god as the source of life and live in a way that pelases him

43
Q

Why do we need secondary precepts ?

A

We need clearer instructions
The primary precepts are absolute and universal
They are more specific rules which can be deduced from the primary precepts

44
Q

What is the diffference between the primary precepts and the secondary precepts ?

A

Primary are fixed , they are what is good for humans
Secondary - may have some flexibility as we have to consider how the primary precepts are to be applied in each section

45
Q

What deos aquinas regard each precept as ?

A

As part of a path towards the ultimate purpose in life

46
Q

What are the secondary precepts of preservation of life ?

A

Do not commit suicide
Don’t turn off life support machines
Don’t murder

47
Q

What are the secondary precepts of reproduction ?

A

Don’t have abortion
Don’t use contraception
Permit ivf
Male masturbation is wrong

48
Q

What are the secondary presets of educating the young ?

A

Send kids to school
Bring children up in a good christian home

49
Q

What are the secondary precepts of living in a society ?

A

Do not murder
Don’t break rules
Don’t cause unnecessary conflict

50
Q

What are the secondary precepts of worshipping god ?

A

Pray
Go to church
Follow the 10 commandments

51
Q

What is the link between aquinas and celibacy ?

A

Aquinas was celibate
This goes against primary precept two

52
Q

According to Sartre what is the key difference between humans and man made objects ?

A

Objects which are given a purpose they must carry out that purpose
However for humans we must decide for ourselves what our essence is and it can change

53
Q

What is divine command theory ?

A

All morality comes straight from god
Ten Commandments is an example

54
Q

What is the doctrine of double effect ?

A

The idea that if ding something good also proudcues a bad side effect , it is still ethically permissible as the bad effect was not intended

55
Q

What is aquinas view on the double effect ?

A

What matters is the effect that was intended . He argued that it is the intention that matters , if you noten the good effect then you are not responsible for the bad effect

RS (47 decks)

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