Meta Ethics Knowledge

Question 1

Absolutism

Answer 1

the view that morals are fixed, unchanging truths that everyone should always follow

Question 2

emotivism

Answer 2

ethical theories that hold that mora; statements are not statements of fact but are either beliefs or emotions

Question 3

hedonism

Answer 3

the belief that pleasure is the good and nothing else is the good

Question 4

intuitionsim

Answer 4

ethical theroies that hold that moral knowledge is recieve in a different way from science and logic

Question 5

meta ethics

Answer 5

the study of the meaning and justification of moral ideas.

Question 6

naturaliusm

Answer 6

ethical theories that hold that morals are part of the natural world and can be recognisde or observed in some way

Question 7

naturalistic fallacy

Answer 7

G E Moores argument that it is a mistake to define moral terms with reference to other properties

Question 8

Open question argument

Answer 8

moores view that we can say that something has a natural quality , such as pleasure , yet we can still significantly ask whether that something is good

Question 9

relativism

Answer 9

the view that moral truths are not fixed and are not absolute
what is right chnges according to the individual, the situation, the culture, the time and the place

Question 10

vienna circle

Answer 10

a group of philosophers known as logical postivits who rejected claims that moral truth can be verified as objectively true

Question 11

what is applied ethics ?>

Answer 11

was rit right for her to steal the bread ?
is war ever justified ?

Question 12

what is normative ethics ?

Answer 12

what is the best approach to ethical issues ?

Question 13

what is an example of meta ethics question ?

Answer 13

is there such thing as right or worng
what do these words mean ?

Question 14

what does cognitive meann ?

Answer 14

can be true or false

Question 15

what does non-cognitive mean ?

Answer 15

express feelings on an issue not ture or false

Question 16

who made the is/ought gap ?

Answer 16

david hume

Question 17

what is the is/ought gap >?

Answer 17

we cant see any proof of a connector between these in the real world
hume claims that things we can see empircally that starts to bridge the gap (like pleasure/pain and naturalism) dont go far enough

Question 18

what are the similarities between naturalism and intuitionism ?

Answer 18

facts exist about what is right and wrong

Question 19

what makes naturalism different to intuitionism ?

Answer 19

moral truths are able to be discovered by observation of the world around us. green tree exists in a mind independant reality

Question 20

what is John Stuart Mills type of naturalism ?

Answer 20

based on utilitarianism
we are able to see that certain actions lead to pleasure and certain leads to pain , this enables us to discover what is right or wrong

Question 21

what is aquinas type of naturalism ?

Answer 21

everything has a purpose we can observe how good something is by asking whether its fulfilling its purpose

Question 22

what is naturalistic fallacy ?

Answer 22

clais that if something is natural , then it must be good
we may be wrong to equate the two

Question 23

is there a widespread agreement on moral truths ?

Answer 23

the fact we largely aree on what is rigth and wrong suggests this is a factual matter rather than a matter of opinion

Question 24

why does moore not agree with mills ??

Answer 24

open question argument
pleasure cant be the same thing as goodness as it is possible to ask if the pleasure is truly good

Question 25

what is a closed question /

Answer 25

where only one answer is actually possible

Question 26

what is an open question ?

Answer 26

several different anwaers are possible

Question 27

why does moore reject naturalism ?

Answer 27

something that brings us pleasure may or may not be good
its an open wuestion
this problem arises whenever we try to define what is good in terms of something that is obervational in the world

Question 28

why does moore argue that goodness is a simple idea ?

Answer 28

like the concept of yellow, it cannot be broken into parts or properties

Question 29

what is the quote from moore ?

Answer 29

‘If i am asked what is good ? my answer is the good is good, and that is the end of the matter

Question 30

what is a strength of intuitism ?

Answer 30

it recognises that there is considerable moral agreement in the world

Question 31

what is a weakness of intuitism ?

Answer 31

theres also significatn disagreement on the world
PRITCHARD - argues that the intuitions of some people are better than those of others

Question 32

what is meta ethics more concerned with ?

Answer 32

the language used to communicate ideas of ethics than with the ideas of what is and is not moral

Question 33

why does ayer think that ethical language is meaningless ?

Answer 33

they cant be verified

Question 34

what is the verification principle ?

Answer 34

a statement is meaningful if it is either - an analytical statement or a synthetic statement

Question 34

according to Ayer, what function does ethical language have ?

Answer 34

expressions of personal preferences or emotions

Question 35

o