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MCAT > Naming > Flashcards

Naming Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

Prefix for compound with one C

A

Meth

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2
Q

Prefix for compound with two C

A

Eth

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3
Q

Prefix for compound with three C

A

Prop

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4
Q

Prefix for compound with four C

A

But

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5
Q

Prefix for compound with five C

A

Pent

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6
Q

Prefix for compound with six C

A

Hex

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7
Q

Prefix for compound with seven C

A

Hept

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8
Q

Prefix for compound with eight C

A

Oct

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9
Q

Carbon compound with single bonds

A

Alkane

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10
Q

Formula for Alkanes

A

CnH(2n+2)

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11
Q

Carbon compound with double bonds

A

Alkene

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12
Q

Carbon compound with triple bonds

A

Alkyne

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13
Q

CnH(2n+2)

A

Alkane

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14
Q

Alkene

A

Carbon compound with double bonds

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15
Q

Alkyne

A

Carbon compound with triple bonds

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16
Q

How is a carbon chain numbered?

A

Highest priority group gets the lowest number (most oxidized carbon)

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17
Q

What is the highest priority functional group?

A

Carboxylic Acid

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18
Q

Carboxylic Acid

A

C double bound to O and bound to OH (terminal carbon)

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19
Q

Nitro Group

A

N double bound to O and single bound to O (N with + and O with - charge)

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20
Q

What is the priority order of alkane, alkene, alkyne?

A

Alkane, alkyne, alkene (lowest to highest)

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21
Q

Amide

A

C double bound to O and single bound to N(H,R)2

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22
Q

Is ether or thiol higher in priority?

A

Thiol

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23
Q

Thiol

A

-SH

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24
Q

Is alcohol or ketone higher in priority?

A

Ketone

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25
Q

Aldehyde suffix

A

-al

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26
Q

Ester suffix

A

-oate

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27
Q

Acid Halide suffix

A

-oyl halide

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28
Q

Nitrile

A

C triple bound to N

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29
Q

Is an ester or nitrile higher priority?

A

Ester

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30
Q

Is amide or amine higher priority?

A

Amide

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31
Q

Geminal diols

A

Diols with hydroxyl groups on the same carbon

32
Q

Vicinal diols

A

Diols with hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons

33
Q

Diols with hydroxyl groups on the same carbon

A

Geminal diols

34
Q

Diols with hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons

A

Vicinal diols

35
Q

What is another name for a geminal diol?

A

Hydrate

36
Q

Why is a geminal diol called a hydrate?

A

Spontaneously loses water to produce C=O

37
Q

Carbonyl

A

C=O

38
Q

What compounds contain carbonyl?

A

Aldehyde and Ketone

39
Q

Where is the carbonyl on an aldehyde?

A

Terminal

40
Q

Where is the carbonyl on a ketone?

A

Middle of the chain

41
Q

Is an aldehyde or a ketone a higher functional group?

A

Aldehyde

42
Q

Formaldehyde IUPAC name

A

Methanal

43
Q

Methanal common name

A

Formaldehyde

44
Q

Acetaldehyde IUPAC name

A

Ethanal

45
Q

Ethanal common name

A

Acetaldehyde

46
Q

Propanal common name

A

Propionaldehyde

47
Q

Propionaldehyde IUPAC name

A

Propanal

48
Q

Ketone suffix

A

-one

49
Q

Acetone

A

Propanone

50
Q

Prefix for ketones and aldehydes with higher priority groups

A

-oxo

51
Q

Alpha carbon in relation to carbonyl

A

Carbon adjacent to carbonyl

52
Q

Greek order of carbons

A

Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta

53
Q

Formic Acid IUPAC name

A

Methanoic Acid

CHOOH

54
Q

Acetic Acid IUPAC name

A

Ethanoic Acid

CH3-COOH

55
Q

Propionic Acid IUPAC name

A

Propanoic Acid

CH3-CH2-COOH

56
Q

Methanoic Acid common name

A

Formic Acid

57
Q

Acetic Acid common name

A

Ethanoic Acid

58
Q

Propanoic Acid common name

A

Propionic Acid

59
Q

What is ester a derivative of?

A

Carboxylic Acid

60
Q

Ester

A

C double bound to O and single bound to OR (R is hydrocarbon chain)

61
Q

How are esters named?

A

R group bound to -O- is the substituent and chain with C=O is the stem
Suffix -oate

62
Q

What is amide a derivative of?

A

Carboxylic acid

63
Q

Amide

A

C double bound to O and single bound to N(H,R)2

64
Q

Amide suffix

A

-amide

65
Q

How are amides named?

A

The substituents bound to N are given N- and chain with C=O is parent

66
Q

How are anhydrides formed?

A

From two carboxylic acids and loss of water

67
Q

Order of functional groups

A 
Carboxylic Acid
Anhydride
Ester
Amide
Aldehyde
Ketone
Alcohol
Alkene
Alkyne
Alkane
68
Q

Carboxylic Acid suffix

A

-oic acid

69
Q

Carboxylic Acid prefix

A

carboxy-

70
Q

Anhydride structure

A

Two C=O with and O in between

71
Q

Anhydride suffix

A

-anhydride

72
Q

Anhydride prefix

A

Alkanoyloxycarbonyl-

73
Q

Ester prefix

A

Alkoxycarbonyl-

74
Q

Amide prefix

A

Carbamoyl-

Amido-

75
Q

Alcohol prefix

A

Hydroxy-

MCAT (31 decks)

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