Kinematics and Dynamics Flashcards
FPS system stands for?
Foot-pound-second
MKS system stands for?
Meter-kilogram-second
CGS system stands for?
Centimeter-gram-second
What are the units of N?
(kg*m)/(s^2)
What are the units of dyne?
(g*cm)/(s^2)
What does dyne measure?
Force
What are the units of a joule?
(kg*(m^2))/(s^2)
What are the units of an erg?
(g*(cm^2))/(s^2)
What does a joule measure?
Energy
What does an erg measure?
Energy
What are the units of power?
Energy/second or (kg*(m^2))/(s^3)
What does one angstrom measure?
10^(-10)m
What does one electron-volt measure?
1.6x10^(-19)J
What are the two components of a vector?
Magnitude and direction
What is the component of a scalar?
Magnitude
What is the difference between vector and scalar?
Only vector has direction
Sine(theta)
Opposite/hypotenuse
Cosine(theta)
Adjacent/hypotenuse
Equation to determine scalar from two vectors
ABcos(theta)
Equation to determine vector from two other vectors
ABsin(theta)
Right hand rule
Thumb in the direction of A, fingers in the direction of B, palm will be the direction of C
Is displacement a scalar or vector quantity?
Vector
What is displacement?
Change in position in space
What is the difference between displacement and distance?
Displacement is the net change in position and doesn’t depend on the path taken, distance is the total distance traveled and does take path into consideration
Is distance a scalar or vector quantity?
Scalar
Is velocity a scalar or vector quantity?
Vector
Is speed a scalar or vector quantity?
Scalar
What is velocity?
Rate of change of displacement in a given unit of time
What is speed?
Rate of actual distance traveled in a given unit of time
Is force a vector or scalar quantity?
Vector
What is the gravitational force equation?
Fg=(Gm1m2)/(r^2)
What does G (universal gravitational constant) equal?
6.67x10^(-11) (N8(m^2))/(kg^2)
What is static friction?
Force between a stationary object and the surface upon which it rests
What is kinetic friction?
Force between a sliding object and the surface upon which it is sliding
Is the coefficient of static or kinetic friction larger and why?
Static because objects will stick until they start moving and then will slide more easily over one another
Is mass a scalar or vector quantity?
Scalar
What is mass?
A measure of the body’s inertia or the amount of matter in an object
What is weight?
Measure of gravitational force on a object’s mass
Is weight a scalar or vector quantity?
Vector
How are mass and weight related?
Fg=mg
What are the units of acceleration?
m/(s^2)
Is acceleration a scalar or vector quantity?
Vector
What is acceleration?
Rate of change of velocity
Depends on a force
What is acceleration on a graph of velocity vs time?
Tangent
Newton’s first law
Fnet=0
Law of inertia
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by another force
Newton’s second law
F=ma
Newton’s third law
Fab=-Fba
Law of action and reaction
To every action there is always an opposite but equal reaction
Equation for velocity of projectile
v=v0+at
Equation for displacement of projectile
x=v0t+(a(t^2))/2
Equation for velocity squared of projectile
v^2=(v0)^2+2ax
Equation for force parallel to a plane
F=mgsin(theta)
Equation for force perpendicular to a plane
F=mgcos(theta)
Where does centripetal force point?
Into the circle
What is the value of tangential force in uniform circular motion?
Zero
Equation for magntitude of centripetal force
F=(m(v^2))/r
Translational equilibrium occurs when?
Vector sum of all forces is zero
Equation for torque?
r X F=rFsin(theta)
r= length of lever arm
F= force
theta= angle between force and lever arm
What does torque generate?
Rotational motion
What is necessary for rotational motion?
Torque
Does positive torque cause clockwise or counterclockrise rotation?
Counterclockwise
Does negative torque cause clockwise or counterclockrise rotation?
Clockwise
What sign does clockwise rotation have?
Negative torque
What sign does counterclockwise rotation have?
Positive torque
