musculoskeletal system

Question 1

what is a joint

Answer 1

where two or more bones meet

Question 2

ball and socket joints

Answer 2

allow movement in every direction

Question 3

articulating bones at the elbow

Answer 3

Humerus
Radius
Ulna
study tip: how are U

Question 4

articulating bones at knee

Answer 4

femur
tibia
study tip: face time

Question 5

articulating bones at ankle

Answer 5

tibia
talus
fibula

Question 6

articulating bones at the shoulder

Answer 6

Humerus
Scapula
study tip: SH beggining of word shoulder

Question 7

articulating bones at the hip

Answer 7

Femur
Pelvis

Question 8

ball and socket joints

Answer 8

allow movement in Every direction
ball and socket joints=hip and shoulder

Question 9

hinge joints

Answer 9

allow movement in onlY one direrction

hinge joints=ankle knee elbow

Question 10

what are the three planes of movements and how do they divide the body

Answer 10

sagittal plane-divides body into left and right halves
study tip; starts with s for sides

frontal plane-divides body into front and back halves

transverse plane-divides body into upper and lower halves

Question 11

what movements occur at the sagittal plane

Answer 11

flexion
extension

Question 12

what movements occur at the frontal plane

Answer 12

abduction
adduction

Question 13

what movements occur at the transverse plane

Answer 13

horizontal abduction
horizontal adduction
rotation

Question 14

way to remember all of the planes

Answer 14

sagittal
frontal
transverse

study tip: Suck face time

Question 15

transverse axis

Answer 15

STI
runs from side to side

Question 16

longitudinal axis

Answer 16

TLC
runs from top to bottom

Question 17

sagittal axis

Answer 17

ffs
runs from front to back

Question 18

flexion definition

Answer 18

decreasing the angle at a joint

Question 19

extension definition

Answer 19

increasing angle at a joint

Question 20

plantar flexion

Answer 20

pushing up onto toes

Question 21

dorsiflexion

Answer 21

pulling toes up to shin

Question 22

hyper extension

Answer 22

increasing angle beyond 180

Question 23

abduction

Answer 23

movemnt of limbs away from midline of the body

Question 24

adduction

Answer 24

movement of limbs towards the midline of the body

Question 25

joint actions in the STI (sagittal plane, transverse axis)
sagittal-divides body into left and right halves
transverse axis-runs from side to side

Answer 25

flexion and extension and hyper extension(increasing angle beyond 180)

Question 26

what is an agonist

Answer 26

muscle responsible for movement that is occurring

Question 27

what is an antagonist

Answer 27

muscle that works in opposition to agonist to help produce a coordinated movement

Question 28

agonist

Answer 28

muscle that contracts
shortens

Question 29

antagonist

Answer 29

muscle that lengthens and relaxes
opposition of the agonist

study tip: agonist is shorter word then antagonist so meaning one that shortens and contracts

Question 30

elbow flexion

Answer 30

agonist-bicep
antagonist-tricep

Question 31

ankle plantar flexion

Answer 31

agonist-gastrocnemius
antagonist-tibilias anterior

Question 32

knee flexion

Answer 32

agonist-hamstrings
antagonist-quadriceps

Question 33

hip flexion

Answer 33

agonist-hip flexors
antagonist-glutales

Question 34

hip adduction

Answer 34

agonist-hip adductors
antagonist-tensor facae latae and gluteus minimus

Question 35

hip horizontal aduction

Answer 35

agonist-adductors
antagonist-tensor facia latae and gluteus minimus/medius

study tip: SAME AS HIP ADDUCTION

Question 36

shoulder flexion

Answer 36

agonist-anterior deltoid
antagonist-latimuss dorsi

study tip: AD LD

Question 37

shoulder horizontal adduction

Answer 37

agonist-pectorals
antagonist-lattimus dorsi

Question 38

shoulder adduction

Answer 38

agonist-posterior deltoid
antagonist-supraspinatus

Question 39

isotonic contraction

Answer 39

movement occurs and there are two types

Question 40

what are the two types of isotonic contractions

Answer 40

essentric-when the muscle lengthens
downward phase
concentric-when muscle shortens
upward phase

Question 41

isometric contractions

Answer 41

when muscle contracts without actually shorting or lengthening
no movement occurs

e.g crucfix position in gymnastics

Question 42

example of frontal plane sagittal axis in sport

Answer 42

cartwheel
abduction and adduction