Muscular System Flashcards
a body tissue that functions for contraction or shortening
muscle
a body tissue that functions for contraction or shortening
muscle
they are responsible for essentially all body movement
muscle
they are a dominant tissue in the heart and in the walls of other hollow organs of the body
it makes up nearly half of the body mass
muscle
[muscle functions]
contraction of muscles attached to bones produces movements under voluntary control
producing movement
[muscle functions]
muscle attached to the bones keep the body upright despite the pull of gravity and stabilize the joints
maintaining posture
[muscle functions]
contraction of the skeletal muscles of the thorax and the diaphragm help us breathe
respiration
[muscle functions]
metabolic activity in the muscles generate abundant heat as by-product and is needed in maintaining body temperature
generating heat
[muscle functions]
skeletal muscles are involved in all aspects of __________, including speaking, writing, typing, gesturing, and smiling or frowning
communication
[muscle functions]
the contraction of smooth muscle within the walls of internal organs and vessels causes those structures to constrict
constriction of organs and vessels
[muscle functions]
the contraction of cardiac muscle causes the heart to beat, propelling blood to all parts of the body
contraction of the heart
what are the three muscle types
skeletal muscles
cardiac muscles
smooth muscles
voluntary muscles attached to bones
skeletal muscles
locomotion, facial expressions, posture, respiratory functions, speech, and other body movements are due to __________ contraction
skeletal muscle
the __________ controls the voluntary aspects of skeletal muscle
nervous system
involuntary muscles found only in the heart
cardiac muscles
its contractions provide the major force for moving blood through the circulatory system
cardiac muscle
involuntary muscles widely distributed in the body such as in the walls of hollow visceral organs, stomach, intestines, uterus, blood vessels, ducts of glands, and respiratory passages
smooth muscles
__________ contraction propels urine through the urinary tract, mixes food in the stomach and small intestine, and regulates the flow of blood through blood vessels
smooth muscle
they are made up of single, very long and cylindrical cells with very obvious striations
skeletal muscle
they are made up of branching chains of cells with striations
cardiac muscles
they are made up of cells with no striations
smooth muscles
what are the four muscle properties
contractility
excitability
extensibility
elasticity
[muscle properties]
the ability of muscle to shorten forcefully
contractility
[muscle properties]
the capacity of the muscle to respond to an electrical stimulus
excitability
[muscle properties]
a muscle can be stretched beyond its normal resting length and still be able to contract
extensibility
[muscle properties]
the ability of muscle to spring back to its original resting length after it has been stretched
elasticity
individual muscle cell (with a length range from 1 to 40 mm) that contains multiple nuclei and other organelles
muscle fiber or myocyte
bundle of parallel skeletal muscle fibers
fasicle
layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscles and group of muscles
these outer layer keep the muscles separate from surrounding tissues and organs
muscle fascia