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ANAPHYSIO > Endocrine System (LAB) > Flashcards

Endocrine System (LAB) Flashcards

1
Q

the __________ __________ coordinates with the nervous system

A

endocrine system

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2
Q

it is the second major controlling system of the body

A

endocrine system

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3
Q

the __________ __________ is for rapid control using nerve impulses

A

nervous system

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4
Q

the __________ __________ acts slowly by using hormones

A

endocrine system

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5
Q

chemical messengers that are released into the blood to be transported throughout the body

A

hormones

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6
Q

located in the throat; bilobed gland connected by an isthmus

A

thyroid gland

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7
Q

large gland with two lobes
controls growth and metabolism

A

thyroid gland

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8
Q

found atop the kidney
small, triangular shaped gland

A

adrenal gland

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9
Q

produces hormones that help regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress (adrenaline), and other essential functions

A

adrenal gland

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10
Q

a mixed gland, located close to the stomach and small intestine
a digestive exocrine gland and hormone producing endocrine gland

A

pancreas

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11
Q

what is the exocrine function of the pancreas

A

excretes enzymes that break down proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acid in the food

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12
Q

what is the endocrine function of the pancreas

A

secretes hormones, insulin and glucagon, to control blood sugar levels

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13
Q

the insulin __________ blood sugar levels

A

decreases

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14
Q

the glucagon __________ blood sugar levels

A

increases

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15
Q

found in the roof of the third ventricle of the brain
small organ shaped like a pinecone

A

pineal gland

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16
Q

synthesizes and secretes melatonin

A

pineal gland

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17
Q

structurally simple hormone that communicates information about environmental lighting to various parts of the body

A

melatonin

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18
Q

tiny masses of glandular tissue found on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland
ride “horseback” on the thyroid gland

A

parathyroid gland

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19
Q

the parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone which increases __________

A

calcium levels

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20
Q

found in the pelvic cavity of women, concerned with ova and female hormone production

A

ovaries

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21
Q

the ovaries produce __________ __________ that maintain the health of the female reproductive system

A

egg cells

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22
Q

inadequate amounts of __________ results to poor development of secondary sex characteristics

A

estrogen

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23
Q

group of hormones that play an important role in normal, sexual, and reproductive development in women

A

estrogen

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24
Q

the ovaries make most of the estrogen hormone although the __________ and __________ make small amounts of the hormone

A

adrenal gland and fat cells

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25
Q

belongs to a class of male hormones androgens

A

testosterone

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26
Q

inadequate amounts of __________ result in tetany

A

parathyroid hormone

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27
Q

regulates calcium levels in the blood
largely increasing the hormone when calcium levels are too low

A

parathyroid hormone

28
Q

inadequate amounts of __________ result in Diabetes Milletus

A

insulin

29
Q

made in the pancreas
allows our body to use glucose for energy

A

insulin

30
Q

inadequate amounts of __________ result in abnormally small stature, normal proportions

A

growth hormone

31
Q

acts on many parts of the body to promote growth in children (length/height)

A

growth hormone

32
Q

once growth plates in the bones (epiphyseal plates) have fused, growth hormone does not increase height but it…

A

maintains normal body structure and metabolism including helping in keeping blood glucose levels (in adults)

33
Q

inadequate amounts result in myxedema (a lower-than-normal metabolic rate)

A

thyroxine

34
Q

what type of thyroid hormone is thyroxine

A

T4

35
Q

controls how much energy our body uses (metabolic rate)
also involved in digestion, how our hearts and muscles work, brain development, and bone health

A

thyroxine

36
Q

basal metabolism hormones

A

thyroxine and triiodothyronine (thyroid gland)

37
Q

what type of thyroid hormone is triiodothyronine

A

T3

38
Q

controls the body’s metabolism (rate of activity in cells and tissues)

A

triiodothyronine

39
Q

regulate blood calcium levels

A

parathyroid hormone and calcitonin (parathyroid gland and thyroid gland)

40
Q

part of a feedback loop including the calcium, vitamin D, also phosphorus/phosphate and magnesium
helps the body maintain stable levels of calcium in the blood

A

parathyroid hormone

41
Q

produced by the parafollicular cells/C cells of the thyroid gland
helps regulate how the body uses calcium

A

calcitonin

42
Q

helps mature T lymphocytes

A

thymosin (thymus)

43
Q

stimulates the development of disease fighting T cells
hormone of the thymus

A

thymosin

44
Q

drive development of secondary sex characteristics

A

estrogen and testosterone

45
Q

regulate the function of another endocrine gland

A

follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and thyroid stimulating hormone (anterior pituitary gland)

46
Q

stimulates the follicle development in the ovaries

A

follicle stimulating hormone

47
Q

as the follicles mature, they produce estrogen and the egg are ready for ovulation
in men, it stimulates sperm development in the testes

A

follicle stimulating hormone

48
Q

mimic the sympathetic nervous system

A

epinephrine/adrenaline (adrenal medulla)

49
Q

increases cardiac output and to raise glucose levels in the blood
secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands

A

epinephrine/adrenaline

50
Q

regulate the blood glucose levels, produced by the same “mixed” gland

A

glucagon and insulin (pancreas)

51
Q

role is to prevent blood glucose levels to drop too low
increases blood sugar levels

A

glucagon

52
Q

the role of glucagon in the liver is…

A

stimulate the conversion of stored glycogen to glucose (glycogenolysis)

53
Q

directly responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle

A

estrogen and progesterone (ovaries)

54
Q

important role in the menstrual cycle and maintaining the early stages of pregnancy
produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary

A

progesterone

55
Q

help maintain salt and water balance in body fluids

A

aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (adrenal cortex and posterior pituitary)

56
Q

main role is to regulate salt and water in the body thus having an effect on blood pressure

A

aldosterone

57
Q

helps regulate water balance
arginine vasopressin

A

antidiuretic hormone

58
Q

involved in milk ejection

A

oxytocin (hypothalamus)

59
Q

chemical messenger in the brain controlling aspects of the reproductive system including child birth and lactation as well as some aspects of human behavior
acts on the breasts and the uterus

A

oxytocin

60
Q

connects the endocrine system with the nervous system

A

hypothalamus

61
Q

tells the pituitary gland when to start or stop making hormones

A

hypothalamus

62
Q

uses the information it gets from the brain to tell the other glands what to do
the endocrine system’s master gland

A

pituitary gland

63
Q

makes WBCs and T lymphocytes that fight infection and are crucial to a child’s immune system development
shrinks after puberty

A

thymus

64
Q

triggers ovulation of the egg from the ovary and causes the ruptured follicle to produce progesterone
stimulates interstitial cells in the testes

A

luteinizing hormone

65
Q

stimulates the production and release of cortisol from the outer part of the adrenal gland (cortex)
produced by the pituitary gland

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

66
Q

controls the production of the thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine)
produced and released by pituitary gland

A

thyroid stimulating hormones

ANAPHYSIO (20 decks)

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