Muscoloskeletal need to knows- Final Flashcards
what is a chronic systemic inflammation disorder?
RA
what is a disorder of the hyaline cartilage?
OA
what is an inflammatory connective tissue disorder
systemic lupus erythomatous
what is ossifcation of insertional sits of ligaments, tendons and the intrevertebral discs?
Anklyosing apondylitis
what is a defect of purine metabolism that results in hyperuricemia and disposition of intraarticular uric acid crystals
gout
what is a decrease in bone density results in occurance of fractures
osteoporosis
when should you avoid exercises that involve twisting or explosive movements?
what you have osteoporosis
what is congential form of osteoporsis that is caused by an autosomal dominate gene that affects the body’s production of collagen?
osteogenesis imperfecta
what is a local effect?
signs related to the specific area of the brain or spinal cord in which the lesion is located
what is a supratentorial lesions?
occurs in the cerebral hemisphere above the tentorium cerebellium (dysfunction in a discrete area)
what is infratentional lesions?
located in the brainstem or below the tentorium (widespread impairment)
damage to the left hemisphere results in?
- loss of logical thinking ability
- analytical skills
- other intellectual abilities
- communication skills
damage to the right hemisphere results in?
- impaired appreciation for music and arts
- behavioural problems
- spatial orientation and recognition of relations may be deficient
- self care deficits
damage to upper motor neurons result is weakness or paralysis on the ____ side
contralateral
damage to the lower motor neurons result in weakness or paralysis on the ____ side
same
what is decorticate
flexed reasponse
what is decerebrate
exteneded response
somatosensory cortex in the _____ lobe receives localized basic sensory input
parietal
what is hemianopia?
visual lose
what is aphasia?
inability to comprehend or express language
what is expressive aphasia?
impaired ability to speak or write fluently
what is receptive aphasia?
inability to read or understand spoken words
what is dysarthria
motor dysfunction affecting muscles used in speech
what is agraphia
impaired writing ability
what is agnosia
loss if recginition or assoication
what is TIA
transiet ischemic attack (mini stroke)
what is a ischemic stroke?
occlusion of an artery by atheroma (plaque) that often develops in large arteries
what is a embolic stroke-ischaemic stroke?
suddent obstruction caused by an embolus (blockage) lodging in a cerebral artery
what is a hemorrhagic stroke?
intracerebral hemorrhage caused by the rupture of a cerebral artery in patients with severe hypertension
what is thoracic outlet syndrome?
a condition in which the nerves and blood vessels becomes compressed in the root of the neck or the axilla
what can develop with repetitive overuse of the shoulder with the arm positioned over head or abducted and the presence of the tumor?
thoracic outlet syndrome
what is neuropraxia?
slight damage to teh nerve and the myelin sheath that recovers in a few hours or weeks. there is temprrary loss of sesnstaion and motor function
what is axontomesis
damage to the axons of the nerve followed by complete degeneration of the peripheral segment without severance. at lest 2 weeks
what is neurotomesis
complete severance of nerve
what is known as cyclists hand?
ulnar nerve palsy
what is related to repeated pronation and supination of the forearm
radial nerve palsy
what is the rapid development of diffuse brain swelling following a recent brain injury follwoed by a second impact to the hand?
second impact syndrome
what is the accumulation of blood between the skill and the outer dural over the of brain
epidural hematoma
what is bleeding confined to the surface of the brain secondary to disruption of the meningeal blood vessels
subarachnoid hemorrhage
who likes pushing carts?
thoracic spinal stenosis
who has pain radiation into the buttock and legs bilaterally?
spondylolisthesis
what is caused by the insufficiency of the superior gluteal artery?
intermittent claudication
what is tietz sybndrome?
costochondirtis when more than one rib is involved
what is post herpetic neuralgia
shingles after it becomes reactive
what is isteochondrosis of the anterior intervertebral ring epiphyses?
scheurmann’s disease
what is the most common sit to get a cervcial spine disc derangement
c5-7
what is acetaminophen?
tylenol
-pain and fever
what is acetylsalicylic acid
aspirin
- anti-inflammatory
- anti-platelet
what is NSADIS
advil
- anti-inflammatory
- fever
- pain
what are the side effects of acetylsalicylic acid?
gastronintestinal bleeding
- nausea
- vomiting
- gastric ulcers
what are the side effects for NSAIDs
- gastrointestinal irritation
- cardiovascular complications
- renal impairment
- hypersensitivity to tosics
what decreases swelling, warmth, redness and pain
corticosteroids
what therapeutic effect occurs by inhibiting the activity of the sensory nerve receptors in the skin thereby reducing pain or itching?
local anesthetics
therapeutic effects by blocking the afferent messages that travel from the muscles to the barin
muscle relaxants
what is polusporin
topical anitbiotic
bicep reflex
C5-6
bracgioradialis
C6
Tricep
C7
knee jerk
L3-4
achilles tendon reflex
S1-2
hip flexion
L1-2
Knee extension
L3
ankle dorsiflexion
L4
extension of D1
L5
ankle planarflexion
ankle eversion
S1
knee flexion
S2
what is solar plexus contusion
getting the wind knocked out of you
what condition do you spit up blood like coffee grounds
intraabdominal injury
abnormal thickening of the left ventricular wall that leads to electrical probnlems and abnormal hearth rthythms
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what is cauliflower ear
auricular hematoma
tip of the shouler
pneumothraw
tip of teh shoulderm back or groin
intra-abdominal injury
left shoulder (kehrs sign)
splenic rupture
right inferior of scapula
liver rupture
left anterior abdomen and sides of butt
kidney rupture
