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My Library > Exercise Prescription > Flashcards

Exercise Prescription Flashcards

1
Q

what is exercise prescription professional competency

A

exercise prescription is a central professional competency requiring knowledge, skills and supplication of the movement science

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2
Q

what are the two key professional competencies

A

assessment

prescription

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3
Q

what is assessment

A

assess client status for movement and exercise in all life domains [ powerful tools, interactive assessment]

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4
Q

what is prescription

A

selection appropriate movements to enable safe improve function efficiency and health status

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5
Q

critical skills require _____ &_____ of health and lifestyle threats and risk factors

A

empathy and understanding

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6
Q

what us a chronic condition

A

pathological health conditions which are not curable but are treatable

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7
Q

what is lifestyle risk factor

A

form the bass for most life threatening disease which are preventable and controllable through: treatment and prevention prescription

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8
Q

what are the two types of prescription

A

treatment and prevnetion

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9
Q

what is an acute disorder

A

musculoskeletal injuries plus other pathologies which are treatable and can be resolved through medical treatments and rehab

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10
Q

what are the three movement prescription skills

A
  1. functional movement
  2. workplace ergonomics
  3. recreational, competitive, fitness
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11
Q

what is functional movement

A

to enable basic to complex life function for day to day maintenance
example: sit, stand, drive, dress, eat, bathroom

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12
Q

what is workplace ergonomics

A

creating proper technique for lifting, creating comfortable chairs and equipment to be used

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13
Q

in regards to workplace ergonomics what is fatigue

A

8-12 hour shift low-moderate exertion

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14
Q

what movement prescription skill does overuse injury fall in

A

work ergonomics

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15
Q

what is important to consider what working with recreation, competitive or fit individuals

A

higher musculoskeletal demands
training and conditioning required
high motivation
high risk factors

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16
Q

what is an extreme form of habituation

A

addiction

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17
Q

two assessment methods

A

verbal vs testing

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18
Q

what two components are u assessing

A

training

fitness levels

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19
Q

what are the two energy path ways

A

aerobic

anaerobic

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20
Q

what are the five exercise response concepts

A 
flexibility/range 
performance level for: 
strength endurance and power
agility 
balance
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21
Q

what is an example of biomechanics- skill mechanics

A

walk, lift throw, jump

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22
Q

safety and stress limits

A

lifting mechanics spotting CV controls ex. heart rate, blood pressure

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23
Q

health condition limits-

A

respirator, muscular CV

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24
Q

what are four training adaptions

A

specificity
progressive overload
reversibility
individual differences

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25
Q

what is the FITT principle

A

frequency
intensity
time
type/mode

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26
Q

what is an adaptive change for pregnant women

A

normal systemic/metabolic physiological and anatomical adaptions for mother to allow for growth of fetus ex. tissue and somatotype-weight gain up to 20kg change in COM, gait,,

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27
Q

movement and fitness levels dictate _____ of pregnancy and _____

A

ease

delivery

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28
Q

true or false activity level changes with each trimester

A

true

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29
Q

what are the two endocrine changes in pregnant women

A

estrogen

progesterone

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30
Q

what is estrogen used for

A

rebuilds the endometrial lining after menstruation
enlarges breast during pregnancy
prepares breast for lactation
helps regulate progesterone levels during pregnancy

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31
Q

what is progesterone used for

A

maintains endometrial lining during pregnancy

limits the natural movement of the uterus to prevent contraction early in pregnancy

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32
Q

what hormone is released early in pregnancy to limit uterine contractions

A

relaxin

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33
Q

what is relaxin’s major roles

A

soften cervix in prep for child birth

increase range of motion-ligament relaxation

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34
Q

what is produced after delivery and stimulates milk production on mammary glands

A

prolactin

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35
Q

what hormone stimulate uterine contractions at the end of pregnancy, and stimulates milk ejections

A

oxytocin

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36
Q

exercise increase_____ return

A

venous

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37
Q

what are Braxton Hicks

A

false contractions

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38
Q

what is the greatest predictor of health for a new born baby

A

weight

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39
Q

____ improve; lymphatic flow- minimizes edema

A

exercise

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40
Q

what maneuver is it called when you hold your breath

A

valsalva maneuver

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41
Q

what would be the three outcomes of prevention of CVD

A
  • decrease financial burden
  • decrease morbidy
  • decrease mortality
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42
Q

what is the most common form of heart disease

A

Coronary Artery Disease

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43
Q

in CAD arteries become_____

A

atherosclerotic

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44
Q

approx. how many American’s does CAD affect

A

13 million

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45
Q

what is an early warning sign of CAD

A

angina pectoris

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46
Q

what is the category for any condition where the arteries become more rigid

A

arteriosclerosis

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47
Q

what are the three types of arteriosclerosis

A

atherosclerosis
monckbergs arteriosclerosis
artheriosclosis

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48
Q

what is monckbergs arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of arties due to calcium deposit

49
Q

what is artheriosclerosis

A

hardening of arteries

50
Q

result of plaque build up in inner linging of arteries, what is the plank

A

accumulation of cholesterol, calcium and other substances

51
Q

plaque causes_____ of arteries which restricts blood flow

A

narrows

52
Q

what is the outermost layer of a vessel, middle and inner called

A

tuncia adventitia
tunica media
tunica intima

53
Q

what is tunica adventitia main role

A

anchors vessel to surrounding structures

54
Q

what is tunica media main role

A

can stretch, recoil, constrict and dilate

composed on smooth muscle & elastic connective tissue

55
Q

what is tunica intima main role

A

think layer of flat cells
only layer that contacts blood
role in development
easily damaged by: high BP, smoking, high LDL, high triglyercides, infection diabetes

56
Q

damage to tunica_____ causes inflammation

A

intima

57
Q

___+ macrophages —-> foam cells

foam cells—-> ____ _____

A

LDL

fatty streak

58
Q

what is a heart attack called

A

myocardial infaraction

59
Q

what are symptoms of MI

A 
angina pectoris 
radiating pain- arms back neck raw
shortness of breath 
cold sweat 
nausea vomiting or light-headedness
60
Q

what disease is: when one or more of the hearts valves do not work properly

A

heart valve disease

61
Q

what are three types of heart valve disease

A

valvular stenosis
valvular insufficiency
valve prolapse

62
Q

what is valvular stenosis

A

a valve does open properly [ opening too small or it become stiff]

63
Q

what is valvular insufficiency

A

valve doesn’t close completely

64
Q

what is valve prolapse

A

valve bulges into the chamber of the heart

65
Q

what is bradycardia

A

heart beat is too slow

66
Q

what is tachycardia

A

heart beat is too fast

67
Q

what is arrhythmias

A

heart beat rhyme

68
Q

what is considered hypertension

A

> 140/90 mm Hg

69
Q

what is PAD

A

peripheral artery disease

70
Q

what is peripheral artery disease

A

atherosclerotic plaque causes narrowing in peripheral arteries
leads to ischemia [ inadequate blood supply] in distal tissue

71
Q

what is congenital heart disease

A

present at birth

defect in the heart and vessels

72
Q

what is congestive heart failure

A

failure happen when the heart doesn’t pump as strongly as it needs to
CHF is the result of damaged heart

73
Q

what are the three major components of the CV system

A

blood
heart
vessels

74
Q

two jobs of CVS

A
  1. ensure adequate distribution of oxygenated blood throughout the body
  2. deliver waste products to excretory organs (kidney, lungs, skin) where they can be removed
75
Q

there are two different types of risk factors that contribute to CVD

A

controllable

uncontrollable

76
Q

what are the two higher risk ethnicity’s

A

Asian and African

77
Q

what is atherosclerosis

A

build up of plaque on arterial wall-arterial lesion/damage to wall, high LDL= high plaque levels

78
Q

what is arteriosclerosis

A

breakdown of atrial walls elastic qualities increase in internal pressure-hardening of vessels which increase internal pressure which results in high blood pressure

79
Q

what is aneurism

A

bulging of blood vessel-pressure in brain or [aneurism aortic]

80
Q

what is defined as: tightness/pressure in chest, mid back, jaw neck and left arm

A

angina

81
Q

catheter placed through one of what two atrial option

A

femoral or radial

82
Q

optional cardiac tests

A

MUGA scan
stress test
nuclear stress test
persantine test

83
Q

what is MUGA scan:

A

injection of radioactive nuclear medicine-provides a movie image of heart chambers using specialized camera while exercising

84
Q

what is a stress test

A

patient is exercised [treadmill or bike] to max target heart rate level plus their perceived exertion, blood pressure and heart rate EKG readings taken simultaneously

85
Q

what is a nuclear stress test

A

radio isotopic injected at rest and after exercise-pictures taken of heart to detect regions where blood deficient

86
Q

what is a persantine test

A

evulates coronary arteries without exercise. drug-presantine injected to relax and dilate coronary blood vessels as if you were exercising-radioisotope also used to take pictures

87
Q

what is: progressive chronic disease causing reduction in bone density

A

osteoporosis

88
Q

what is a malformation of spine called

A

dowager hump

89
Q

what does BMD stand for

A

bone mineral density

90
Q

1 SD below average BMD means

A

osteopenia

91
Q

2.5 SD below normal BMD means

A

osteoporosis

92
Q

what is glucocorticoids associated with

A

osteoporosis

93
Q

what is vertebral compression

A

wedge fractures not obvious with x rays

94
Q

what is severe kyphosis

A

anterior vertebra body collapsing during flexion

95
Q

what is respiratory function and vital capacity reduced

A

muscular failure in thorax

96
Q

premarin oge estrace and Estraderm are medications for

A

osteoporosis

97
Q

what two hormones reabsorb at cancellous bone

A

calcitonin and miacalcin

98
Q

what is Osgood bar syndrome

A

chronic fatigue often experienced alone

99
Q

out of 18 how many pain trigger sites do you need to be considered fibromyalgia

A

11

100
Q

what is symptoms cycling

A

problematic for consistent quality of life, work and consistent personal lifestyle

101
Q

what is parethesis

A

numbness at variable points in extremities

102
Q

what is fibro fog

A

general neural ‘fuzziness’ loss of short term memory, inability to complete verbal sentences

103
Q

what are three fibro-etiologies

A

muscle abnormalities
neuro endocrine
gentic predisposition

104
Q

neuro endocrine (fibro etiology)

A

autonomic system regulation disorder- digestive tract bowl function-irritable bowl syndrome

105
Q

HPA hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal gland disturbance, serotonin levels variable and local muscle glucose metabolism diminished is a cause of what

A

fibro

106
Q

rheumatism

A

non-specific term used to describe any painful disorder affect the locomotors system including joints, muscles, connective tissue, soft tissue around the joints and bones

107
Q

how many classes are there of OA

A

4

108
Q

what are the four classes of OA

A

1- able to perform most motions with [ain tolerance
2- mild/moderate 1+ joints
3- limited abilities partial self care
4- incapacitated- death with failure of respiratory system-thoracic cage failure

109
Q

what is systemic auto immune inflammatory disorder

A

rheumatoid arthritis

110
Q

NSAID medication

A

pain reduction agents ex aspirin

111
Q

DMARDS medication

A

disease modifying antirheumatic drug

112
Q

BRM

A

biological response modifiers [immune response]

113
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

114
Q

secondary infection for COPD is

A

phlegm blockage response

115
Q

what is emphysema

A

collapse of alveoli

116
Q

what is asthma

A

restriction of air flow to lungs

117
Q

what di antihistamines treat

A

allergy control

118
Q

what do antiviral treat

A

infections

119
Q

nociceptors

A

receptors for pain

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