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Bio 223 > Muscles on muscles (SECOND MIDTERM) > Flashcards

Muscles on muscles (SECOND MIDTERM) Flashcards

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1
Q 
abductor pollicis longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: posterior surface of radius and ulna
insertion: base of 1st metacarpal
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C7
evolutionary group: abductors
action: abducts and extends thumb

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2
Q 
adductor longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: inferior ramus of pubis anterior to adductor brevis
insertion: linea aspera of femur
innervation: obturator nerve
spinal nerve segments: L3-L4
evolutionary group: adductors
action: adduction, flexion, and medial rotation at hip

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3
Q 
adductor magnus (adductor portion)...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: inferior ramus of pubis
insertion: adductor tubercle of femur
innervation: obturator nerve
spinal nerve segments: L3-L4
evolutionary group: adductors
action: adduction at hip, flexion and medial rotation

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4
Q 
adductor magnus (hamstring portion)...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: linea aspera of femur
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
action: extension and lateral rotation

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5
Q 
biceps brachii LONG HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: supraglenoid tubercle
insertion: radial tuberosity on proximal tubercle
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexes elbow and supinates shoulder

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6
Q 
biceps brachii SHORT HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: coracoid process of the scapula
insertion: radial tuberosity on proximal tubercle
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexes elbow and supinates shoulder

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7
Q 
biceps femoris LONG HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: S1-S3
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at knee, extension and lateral rotation at hip

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8
Q 
biceps femoris SHORT HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: linea aspera
insertion: head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia
innervation: peroneal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
evolutionary group: abductors
action: flexes at knee

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9
Q 
brachialis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior, distal surface of humerus
insertion: tuberosity of ulna
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6 and C7-C8
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at elbow

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10
Q 
brachioradialis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: ridge superior to the lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: lateral aspect of styloid process of radius
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at elbow

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11
Q 
coracobrachialis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: coracoid process of the scapula
insertion: mid shaft of humerus
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C7 (focus on C5-C6)
evolutionary group: flexors
action: adducts humerus & flexes at shoulder

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12
Q 
deltoideus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: clavicle and scapula (acromion and scapular spine)
insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
innervation: axillary nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
evolutionary group: abductors
action: flexes & extends at shoulder; abducts & medially and laterally rotates humerus

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13
Q 
extensor carpi radialis brevis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: base of third metacarpal bone
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C7
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extension and abduction at wrist

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14
Q 
extensor carpi radialis longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
insertion: base of second metacarpal bone
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C7
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extension and abduction at wrist

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15
Q 
extensor carpi ulnaris...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus; adjacent dorsal surface of ulna
insertion: base of 5th metacarpal bone
innervation: deep radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extension and abduction at wrist

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16
Q 
extensor digitorum...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: extensor tendons over posterior surfaces of phalanges of digits 2-5
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8 (focus on C7-C8)
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends at wrist, extends fingers

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17
Q 
extensor digitorum longus pedis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula
insertion: superior surfaces of phalanges, toes 2-5
innervation: peroneal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extension at joints of toes 2-5

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18
Q 
extensor hallucis longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior surface of fibula
insertion: superior surfaces, distal phalanx of great toe
innervation: peroneal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extension at joints of big toe

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19
Q 
flexor carpi radialis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: base of second and third metacarpal bones
innervation: median nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C7
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion and abduction at wrist

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20
Q 
flexor carpi ulnaris...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus; adjacent medial surface of olecranon process and anteromedial portion of ulna
insertion: pisiform, hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal bone
innervation: ulnar nerve
spinal nerve segments: C8-T1
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion and adduction at wrist

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21
Q 
flexor digitorum longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: posteromedial surface of tibia
insertion: inferior surface of distal phalanges, toes 2-5
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S1
evolutionary group:
action: flexion at joints of toes 2-5

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22
Q 
flexor digitorum profundus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial & posterior surfaces of ulna, medial surface of coronoid process, and interosseus membrane
insertion: bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
innervation: median & ulnar nerves
spinal nerve segments: C8-T1
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexes at wrist; flexes digits at metacarpophalangeal & interphalangeal joints

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23
Q 
flexor digitorum superficialis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: midlateral surfaces of middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
innervation: median nerve
spinal nerve segments: C7-T1
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexes wrist and middle phalanges

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24
Q 
flexor hallucis longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: posterior surface of fibula
insertion: inferior surface, distal phalanx of big toe
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S1
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at joints of big toe

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25
Q 
flexor pollicis longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior shaft of radius, interosseus membrane
insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb
innervation: median nerve
spinal nerve segments: C8-T1
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at joints of thumb

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26
Q 
gastrocnemius LATERAL HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral condyle of femur
insertion: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
innervation: tibial nerve
spinal nerve segments: S1-S2
evolutionary group: flexors
action: plantar flexes foot; flexes at knee (slightly)

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27
Q 
gastrocnemius MEDIAL HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial condyle of femur
insertion: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
innervation: tibial nerve
spinal nerve segments: S1-S2
evolutionary group: flexors
action: plantar flexes foot; flexes at knee (slightly)

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28
Q 
gemellus INFERIOR...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: ischial spine
insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter with tendon of obturator internus
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
action: lateral rotation at hip

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29
Q 
gemellus SUPERIOR...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter with tendon of obturator internus
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
action: lateral rotation at hip

30
Q 
gluteus maximus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: posterior surface of ilium, sacrum, coccyx
insertion: iliotibial tract & gluteal tuberosity of femur
innervation: inferior gluteal nerve (peroneal nerve)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
evolutionary group: abductors
action: extends at hip; abducts and laterally rotates thigh

31
Q 
gluteus medius...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior iliac crest, lateral surface between posterior and anterior gluteal lines
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
innervation: superior gluteal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: abductors
action: abduction and medial rotation at thigh

32
Q 
gracilis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: inferior ramus of pubis
insertion: medial surface of tibia, inferior to medial condyle
innervation: obturator nerve
spinal nerve segments: L3-L4
evolutionary group: adductors
action: adducts thigh, flexes at knee

33
Q 
infraspinatus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
innervation: suprascapular nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
action: laterally rotates humerus

34
Q 
latissimus dorsi...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: spinous process of inferior thoracic & all lumbar; ribs 8-12; thoracolumbar fascia
insertion: floor of inter tubercular groove of the humerus
innervation: thoracodorsal nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8
action: extension, adduction, and medial rotation of shoulders

35
Q 
levator scapulae...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae
insertion: vertebral border of scapula near superior angle
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve
spinal nerve segments: C3-C4, C5
action: retracts scapula, depresses glenoid

36
Q 
obturator internus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: lateral and medial margin of obturator foramen
insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter
innervation: special nerve from sacral plexus
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
action: lateral rotation at hip

37
Q 
palmaris longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion: palmar aponeurosis
innervation: median nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C7
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexes wrist

38
Q 
pectoralis major CLAVICULAR HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: inferior margin of clavicle
insertion: greater tubercular crest of humerus
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
spinal nerve segments: C5-T1
action: flexion, adduction, and medial rotation at shoulder

39
Q 
pectoralis major STERNAL HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: ventro-lateral margin of sternum; costal cartilages 1-6
insertion: greater tubercular crest of humerus
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
spinal nerve segments: C5-T1
action: depresses and adducts humerus

40
Q 
pectoralis minor...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior, superior surfaces of ribs 2-5
insertion: coracoid process of scapula
innervation: medial pectoral nerve
spinal nerve segments: C8-T1
evolutionary group: adductors
action: depress scapula or elevate ribs

41
Q 
peroneus brevis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: midlateral margin of fibula
insertion: base of 5th metatarsal bone
innervation: peroneal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: extensors
action: eversion of foot and extension (plantar flexion) at ankle

42
Q 
peroneus longus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral condyle of tibia, head and proximal shaft of fibula
insertion: base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform bone
innervation: peroneal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: extensors
action: eversion of foot and extension (plantar flexion) at ankle; support longitudinal arch

43
Q 
piriformis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: anterolateral surface of sacrum
insertion: greater trochanter of femur
innervation: branches of sacral nerves
spinal nerve segments: S1-S2
action: lateral rotation and abduction at hip

44
Q 
popliteus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: lateral condyle of femur
insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibial shaft
innervation: tibial nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: flexors
action: medial rotation of tibia (or lateral rotation of femur), flexion at the knee

45
Q 
pronator quadratus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: anterior and medial surfaces of distal portion of ulna
insertion: anterolateral surface of distal portion of radius
innervation: median nerve
spinal nerve segments: C8-T1
action: pronation

46
Q 
pronator teres...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
insertion: lateral radius (midshaft)
innervation: median nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C7
action: pronates forearm

47
Q 
quadratus femoris...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: lateral border of ischial tuberosity
insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur
innervation: special nerve from sacral plexus
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
action: lateral rotation at hip

48
Q 
rectus femoris...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
innervation: femoral nerve
spinal nerve segments: L2-L4
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends knee and flexes at hip

49
Q 
vastus intermedius...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterolateral surface of femur and linea aspera (distal half)
insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
innervation: femoral nerve
spinal nerve segments: L2-L4
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends at knee

50
Q 
vastus lateralis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior & inferior to greater trochanter of femur and proximal half of linea aspera
insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
innervation: femoral nerve
spinal nerve segments: L2-L4
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends at knee

51
Q 
vastus medialis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A 
origin: entire length of linea aspera
insertion:
innervation: femoral nerve
spinal nerve segments: L2-L4
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends at knee
52
Q 
rhomboideus MAJOR...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: spinous processes of T1-T4
insertion: medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5
action: adducts scapula and performs downward rotation

53
Q 
rhomboideus MINOR...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: spinous process of vertebrae C7-T1
insertion: medial border of scapula near spine
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5
action: adducts scapula and performs downward rotation

54
Q 
sartorius...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: medial surface or tibia near tibial tuberosity
innervation: femoral nerve
spinal nerve segments: L2-L4
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at knee, flexion and lateral rotation at hip

55
Q 
semimembranosus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: posterior surfaces of medial condyle of tibia
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at knee, extension and medial rotation at hip

56
Q 
semitendinosus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: proximal, medial surface of tibia near insertion of gracilis
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S2
evolutionary group: flexors
action: flexion at knee, extension and medial rotation at hip

57
Q 
serratus anterior...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: first 9 ribs
insertion: medial edge of scapula’s deep surface
innervation: long thoracic nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5-C7
evolutionary group: originally body wall musculature
action: rotates and protracts scapula, elevates glenoid

58
Q 
soleus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: head and proximal shaft of fibula and adjacent posteromedial shaft of tibia
insertion: calcaneus by calcanea tendon (with gastrocnemius)
innervation: sciatic nerve (tibial portion)
spinal nerve segments: L5-S1
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extension (plantar flexion) at ankle

59
Q 
sternocleidomastoideus CLAVICULAR head and STERNAL head...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: CH = attaches to sternal end of clavicle; SH = attaches to manubrium
insertion: mastoid region of skull and lateral portion of superior nuchal line
innervation: accessory nerve and cervical spinal nerves or cervical plexus
spinal nerve segments: XI and C2-C3
action: together they flex the neck; alone one side flexes head toward shoulder and rotates face to opposite side

60
Q 
subscapularis...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
innervation: upper and lower sub scapular nerves
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
action: medially rotates humerus

61
Q 
supinator...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: proximal end of radius
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8
action: supinates forearm

62
Q 
supraspinatus...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: supraspinous fossa or the scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
innervation: suprascapular nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5
action: abducts humerus

63
Q 
tensor fascia latae...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: lateral condyle of tibia via fascia lata (iliotibial tract)
innervation: superior gluteal nerve (peroneal nerve)
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1
evolutionary group: abductors
action: tense fascia lata; flex hip; abduct and medially rotate thigh

64
Q 
teres major...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: inferior angle of scapula
insertion: medial crest of inter tubercular groove
innervation: subscapular nerves
spinal nerve segments: C5-C6
action: extends at shoulder; adducts & medially rotates humerus

65
Q 
teres minor...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
action:
A

origin: lateral border of scapula
insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
innervation: axillary nerve
spinal nerve segments: C5
action: laterally rotates humerus

66
Q 
tibialis anterior...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: proximal lateral tibia & interosseus membrane
insertion: medial cuneiform & 1st metatarsal
innervation: peroneal nerve
spinal nerve segments: L4-S1 (focus on L4-L5)
evolutionary group: extensors
action: dorsi flexes and inverts foot

67
Q 
trapezius...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: occipital bone; spines of C7-T12
insertion: acromion, spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 of clavicle
innervation: accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)
spinal nerve segments: C3-C4
evolutionary group: branchial
action: elevate, retract, depress, or rotate scapula upward; elevate clavicle; extend neck

68
Q 
triceps brachii LATERAL HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: posterior surface of humeral shaft
insertion: olecranon process of ulna
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends elbow

69
Q 
triceps brachii LONG HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
insertion: olecranon process of ulna
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends elbow, extends and adducts shoulder

70
Q 
triceps brachii MEDIAL HEAD...
origin:
insertion:
innervation:
spinal nerve segments:
evolutionary group:
action:
A

origin: posterior surface of humeral shaft
insertion: olecranon process of ulna
innervation: radial nerve
spinal nerve segments: C6-C8
evolutionary group: extensors
action: extends elbow

Bio 223 (34 decks)

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