Lecture 8 part one (SECOND MIDTERM) Flashcards

1
Q

The way we refer to the organization of the autonomic nervous system is…

A

the two motor neuron system

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2
Q

Function of ANS:

A

motor control of most internal organs, smooth muscle of gut and blood vessels, skin glands, cardiac muscle

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3
Q

Separation of function…
Sympathetic:
Parasympathetic:

A

Sympathetic: “fight or flight”
Parasympathetic: rest, rumination (digestion), calm

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4
Q

Concerning sympathetic and parasympathetic, which one is voluntary and which one is involuntary?

A

they’re both involuntary

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5
Q

(Main) neurotransmitter of sympathetic? Parasympathetic?

A

Symp: norepinephrine
Para: acetylcholine

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6
Q

Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic…

Blood vessels to musculo-skeletal:

A

Symp: dilate
Para: constrict

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7
Q

Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic…

Blood vessels to internal organs:

A

Symp: constrict
Para: dilate

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8
Q

Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic…

Synapses away/on or near target structure:

A

Symp: away from target structure
Para: on or near target structure

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9
Q

Autonomic fiber placement…
Sympathetic:
Parasympathetic:

A

Symp: emerge from “Thoracolumbar” region (T1-L2)
Para: emerge from “Cranio-sacral” region (Cnn III, VII, IX, X; S2-4)
*parasympathetic is PARAllel to sympathetic!

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10
Q

PARASYMPATHETIC

Preganglionic fibers are ________ while postpanglionic fibers are ________.

A

long, short

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11
Q

Why aren’t parasympathetic ganglia easily dissectible?

A

they are usually embedded inside of the wall of the target structure; intramural ganglia

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12
Q

Ganglia that are not easily dissectible:

A
Ciliary
Pterygopalatine
Otic 
Submandibular 
Intramural
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13
Q

SYMPATHETIC

Preganglionic fibers are _______ while postganglionic fibers are ________.

A

short, long

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14
Q

For sympathetic innervation, it synapses away from the target structure at ____________ or ___________ ganglia.

A

paravertebral, preaortic (collateral)

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15
Q

Names of the specific paravertebral ganglia:

A

Superior cervical
Middle cervical
Inferior cervical
Cervicothoracic

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16
Q

Names of the specific preaortic (collateral) ganglia:

A

Celiac ganglion
Superior mesenteric ganglion
Inferior mesenteric ganglion

17
Q

The paravertebral ganglia form what? Where does it go?

A
  • the sympathetic trunk

- up and down (cranial and caudal) adjacent to your vertebral column

18
Q

Paravertebral ganglia connect to each other, forming the sympathetic trunk. What are the paravertebral ganglia also known as?

A

Sympathetic chain ganglia

19
Q

There is a ganglion right next to the aorta on the ventral (anterior) portion. Why there?

A

there’s no room for it between the aorta and the vertebral column

20
Q

The ganglion is anterior to the aorta so it is…

A

preaortic (collateral)

21
Q

What nerve carries preganglionic fibers to the celiac ganglion?

A

greater splanchnic nerve

22
Q

What nerve carries preganglionic fibers to the superior mesentery ganglion?

A

lesser splanchnic nerve

23
Q

What nerve carries preganglionic fiber to the inferior mesentery ganglion?

A

least splanchnic nerve

lumbar splanchnic nerve

24
Q

The preganglionic neuron emerges from the ventral root, goes into the ventral root and into the spinal nerve, it uses what to go into the paravertebral ganglion?

A

the white communicating ramus

25
3 very specific blood vessels that give the ganglia their names:
celiac trunk superior mesenteric artery inferior mesenteric artery *3 plexuses have the same name as these ganglia!
26
The portion still connected to the yolk sac is what we call the... Anything before it is the... Anything after it is the...
midgut foregut hindgut
27
Foregut... Vasculature: Sympathetic innervation: Parasympathetic innervation:
Vasculature: celiac trunk Sympathetic innervation: greater splanchnic nerve Parasympathetic innervation: vagus nerve (CN X)
28
Midgut... Vasculature: Sympathetic innervation: Parasympathetic innervation:
Vasculature: superior mesenteric artery Sympathetic innervation: lesser splanchnic nerve Parasympathetic innervation: vagus nerve (CN X)
29
Hindgut... Vasculature: Sympathetic innervation: Parasympathetic innervation:
Vasculature: inferior mesenteric artery Sympathetic innervation: least splanchnic nerve Parasympathetic innervation: pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)