Lecture 8 part one (SECOND MIDTERM) Flashcards
The way we refer to the organization of the autonomic nervous system is…
the two motor neuron system
Function of ANS:
motor control of most internal organs, smooth muscle of gut and blood vessels, skin glands, cardiac muscle
Separation of function…
Sympathetic:
Parasympathetic:
Sympathetic: “fight or flight”
Parasympathetic: rest, rumination (digestion), calm
Concerning sympathetic and parasympathetic, which one is voluntary and which one is involuntary?
they’re both involuntary
(Main) neurotransmitter of sympathetic? Parasympathetic?
Symp: norepinephrine
Para: acetylcholine
Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic…
Blood vessels to musculo-skeletal:
Symp: dilate
Para: constrict
Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic…
Blood vessels to internal organs:
Symp: constrict
Para: dilate
Difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic…
Synapses away/on or near target structure:
Symp: away from target structure
Para: on or near target structure
Autonomic fiber placement…
Sympathetic:
Parasympathetic:
Symp: emerge from “Thoracolumbar” region (T1-L2)
Para: emerge from “Cranio-sacral” region (Cnn III, VII, IX, X; S2-4)
*parasympathetic is PARAllel to sympathetic!
PARASYMPATHETIC
Preganglionic fibers are ________ while postpanglionic fibers are ________.
long, short
Why aren’t parasympathetic ganglia easily dissectible?
they are usually embedded inside of the wall of the target structure; intramural ganglia
Ganglia that are not easily dissectible:
Ciliary Pterygopalatine Otic Submandibular Intramural
SYMPATHETIC
Preganglionic fibers are _______ while postganglionic fibers are ________.
short, long
For sympathetic innervation, it synapses away from the target structure at ____________ or ___________ ganglia.
paravertebral, preaortic (collateral)
Names of the specific paravertebral ganglia:
Superior cervical
Middle cervical
Inferior cervical
Cervicothoracic
Names of the specific preaortic (collateral) ganglia:
Celiac ganglion
Superior mesenteric ganglion
Inferior mesenteric ganglion
The paravertebral ganglia form what? Where does it go?
- the sympathetic trunk
- up and down (cranial and caudal) adjacent to your vertebral column
Paravertebral ganglia connect to each other, forming the sympathetic trunk. What are the paravertebral ganglia also known as?
Sympathetic chain ganglia
There is a ganglion right next to the aorta on the ventral (anterior) portion. Why there?
there’s no room for it between the aorta and the vertebral column
The ganglion is anterior to the aorta so it is…
preaortic (collateral)
What nerve carries preganglionic fibers to the celiac ganglion?
greater splanchnic nerve
What nerve carries preganglionic fibers to the superior mesentery ganglion?
lesser splanchnic nerve
What nerve carries preganglionic fiber to the inferior mesentery ganglion?
least splanchnic nerve
lumbar splanchnic nerve
The preganglionic neuron emerges from the ventral root, goes into the ventral root and into the spinal nerve, it uses what to go into the paravertebral ganglion?
the white communicating ramus
3 very specific blood vessels that give the ganglia their names:
celiac trunk
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery
*3 plexuses have the same name as these ganglia!
The portion still connected to the yolk sac is what we call the…
Anything before it is the…
Anything after it is the…
midgut
foregut
hindgut
Foregut…
Vasculature:
Sympathetic innervation:
Parasympathetic innervation:
Vasculature: celiac trunk
Sympathetic innervation: greater splanchnic nerve
Parasympathetic innervation: vagus nerve (CN X)
Midgut…
Vasculature:
Sympathetic innervation:
Parasympathetic innervation:
Vasculature: superior mesenteric artery
Sympathetic innervation: lesser splanchnic nerve
Parasympathetic innervation: vagus nerve (CN X)
Hindgut…
Vasculature:
Sympathetic innervation:
Parasympathetic innervation:
Vasculature: inferior mesenteric artery
Sympathetic innervation: least splanchnic nerve
Parasympathetic innervation: pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)
