Muscles of the face (innervations arteries etc) Flashcards
What cranial nerve supplies the sensory innervation of the face and scalp and What are its three divisions?
CN V ( Trigeminal Nerve)
Divisions: V1 (opthalmic)
V2 (maxillary)
V3 (mandibular)
What type of fibers does the mandibular division of CN-V contain ?
BOTH ( sensory and motor) *remember the other two divisions are purely sensory
Name the cutaneous branches of the Opthalmic Division.
1) Supraorbital n.
2) Supratrochlear n
3) Lacrimal n
4) infratrochlear n
5) external nasal n.
- REMEMBER THE mnemonic “Sweet Sam L I E”
What is the Cutaneous nerve that innervates the lateral portion of the face and scalp?
a) external nasal n.
b) supra trochlear n
c) lacrimal n
d) supra orbital n
Supra Orbital nerve
The lacrimal n. supplies which area of the face and scalp?
conjunctiva and the superior eyelid
Damage to the lateral root of the nose will directly hinder a cutaneous nerve that innervates that portion of the face. What branch of the opthalmic division of CN-V is probably damaged?
infra-trochlear n.
The external nasal nerve innervates what 3 aspects of the face?
nasa ala
vestibule
dorsum of the nose including the apex
Name the cutaneous branch of the maxillary division of the CN-V.
1) Infra-orbital n
2) Zygomaticotemporal
3) Zygomaticofacial
*Remember this mnemonic “IZZy”
The cutaneous branch that innervates the skin of the cheek the conjunctiva of the inferior eyelid and the superior lip is called what?
Infra-Orbital nerve ( remember it also has other innervations)
The cutaneous branch that innervates the PROMINENCE of the cheek is called what?
zygomaticotemporal n
The 3 cutaneous branches of the mandibular division of the Trigeminal nerve are:
1) Buccal Nerve
2) Auriculotemporal nerve
3) Mental nerve
*Remember the mnemonic “BAM!”
A 18 year old boy suffered an accident when a portion of glass sliced his chin and lower lip. What cutaneous branch of the Trigeminal nerve will most likely be effected?
a) infra-orbital nerve
b) mental nerve
c) buccal nerve
d) opthalmic nerve
Mental Nerve
Which cutaneous branch of the mandibular division will innervate 2/3 of the temporal region?
a) auriculotemporal nerve
b) zygomaticotemporal nerve
auriculotemporal nerve ( remember it also innervates other aspects of the face)
Which branch of the mandibular division will supply sensory innervation to the scalp?
auriculotemporal nerve
The portion of the scalp posterior to the auricle gets its sensory innervation from which two nerves?
1) lesser occipital nerve
2) greater occipital nerve
The muscles that allow us to chew our food (mastication) are innervated by what cranial nerve?
a) CN X
b) CN V1
c) CN V2
d) CN V3
CN-V3 - ( mandibular division of the trigeminal verve)
Which cranial nerve runs through the anterior portion of the parotid gland?
CN-VII ( Facial nerve)
The ability for us to make facial expression is because of the muscles that are innervated by what cranial nerve?
VII ( facial nerve)
The facial nerve has 5 terminal branches what are they?
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
- Remember mnemonic “To Zanzibar By Motor Car”
Damage to the platysma muscle will effect which motor branch of the facial nerve?
Cervical branch
Mandibular branch of the facial nerve supplies motor innervation to which muscles?
1) risorius
2) muscles of the lower lip and chin
Damage to the inferior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle will effect which motor branch of the facial nerve?
a) cervical branch
b) buccal branch
c) zygomatic branch
d) temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Which motor branch innervates the the upper part of the orbicularis oris muscle?
buccal branch ( remember it also innervates buccinator muscle and inferior fibers of the levator labii superioris)
Which motor branch innervates the the superior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle?
Temporal branch ( also innervates frontalis and auricularis anterior and superior)
A patient suffering from Bells palsy has damage to which cranial nerve?
CN VII
Name in order the arterial supply of the face. (start from the neck )
external carotid»> facial artery»»inferior labial artery»> superior labial artery»> infra-orbital artery»> angular artery
Name in order the venous supply of the face. ( start from the neck)
external jugular vein»» facial vein»» infra-labial vein»> supra labial vein»> lateral nasal vein»_space;> angular vein
Cavernous sinus syndrome and cavernous sinus thrombosis can be caused by what?
Infection spreading into the cavernous sinus ( THE DANGER AREA OF THE FACE)
What two veins form the cavernous sinus?
Superior and inferior opthalmic veins
A patient presents with swelling and bulging of her left eye. She is no longer able to move her infected eye (opthalmoplegia). The doctor on duty has diagnosed her with Cavernous Sinus syndrome. He explains The loss of eye movement is due to compression of a few nerves that innervate that muscle in the infected area. What nerves is the doctor talking about and in which opening/foramen/canal do these nerves exit through?
CN-III ( Superior orbital fissure)
CN- IV ( superior Orbital fissure)
CN- VI (superior Orbital Fissure )
The patient with Cavernous Sinus Syndrome may also have sensory deficit in the area that is infected. Which Cranial Nerve supplies this sensory innervation?
CN-V1 and CN-V2
What makes up the superficial ring of lymph nodes?
Mental, mandibular, parotid, mastoid and occipital
Lymph from what parts of the head drain into the superficial ring of lymph nodes?
Scalp
Face
Neck
Name the lymph drainage in order starting from the Superficial ring of lymph nodes
Superficial ring of lymph nodes»» deep cervical nodes»> jugular lymphatic trunk»> thoracic duct on the left or brachiocephalic vein on the right
The scalp is made up of 5 layers are are they starting from superficial
Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue ( or loose areolar tissue) Pericranium
- S C A L P
Within the five layers of the scalp where would you find the cutenous nerve
Within the Connective tissue layer
within the five layers of the scalp where would you find an abundance of lymphatic drainage and rich blood supply/?
within the Skin layer
A potential spread of infection would most likely be found where within the 5 layers of the scalp?
a) pericranium
b) aponeurosis
c) connective tissue
d) skin
e) loose connective tissue
e- loose connective tissue ( loose areolar tissue) (The DANGER SPACE)
The calvaria is covered by which layer of the scalp?
Aponeurosis
A patient who has an infection in the loose connective tissue layer is in danger of having the infection spread, bypassing the remainder of the layers that protect the brain. The reason for this bypass is due to what veins?
emissary veins
Where does the frontalis muscle insert?
Skin
( Remember infections may spread to the eyelids and root of the nose because of this insertion. where as an infection wont spread to the neck because the Occipitalis muscle inserts onto the occipital bone which blocks the passage )
