Muscles of the face (innervations arteries etc)

Question 1

What cranial nerve supplies the sensory innervation of the face and scalp and What are its three divisions?

Answer 1

CN V ( Trigeminal Nerve)
Divisions: V1 (opthalmic)
V2 (maxillary)
V3 (mandibular)

Question 2

What type of fibers does the mandibular division of CN-V contain ?

Answer 2

BOTH ( sensory and motor) *remember the other two divisions are purely sensory

Question 3

Name the cutaneous branches of the Opthalmic Division.

Answer 3

1) Supraorbital n.
2) Supratrochlear n
3) Lacrimal n
4) infratrochlear n
5) external nasal n.

• REMEMBER THE mnemonic “Sweet Sam L I E”

Question 4

What is the Cutaneous nerve that innervates the lateral portion of the face and scalp?

a) external nasal n.
b) supra trochlear n
c) lacrimal n
d) supra orbital n

Answer 4

Supra Orbital nerve

Question 5

The lacrimal n. supplies which area of the face and scalp?

Answer 5

conjunctiva and the superior eyelid

Question 6

Damage to the lateral root of the nose will directly hinder a cutaneous nerve that innervates that portion of the face. What branch of the opthalmic division of CN-V is probably damaged?

Answer 6

infra-trochlear n.

Question 7

The external nasal nerve innervates what 3 aspects of the face?

Answer 7

nasa ala
vestibule
dorsum of the nose including the apex

Question 8

Name the cutaneous branch of the maxillary division of the CN-V.

Answer 8

1) Infra-orbital n
2) Zygomaticotemporal
3) Zygomaticofacial

*Remember this mnemonic “IZZy”

Question 9

The cutaneous branch that innervates the skin of the cheek the conjunctiva of the inferior eyelid and the superior lip is called what?

Answer 9

Infra-Orbital nerve ( remember it also has other innervations)

Question 10

The cutaneous branch that innervates the PROMINENCE of the cheek is called what?

Answer 10

zygomaticotemporal n

Question 11

The 3 cutaneous branches of the mandibular division of the Trigeminal nerve are:

Answer 11

1) Buccal Nerve
2) Auriculotemporal nerve
3) Mental nerve

*Remember the mnemonic “BAM!”

Question 12

A 18 year old boy suffered an accident when a portion of glass sliced his chin and lower lip. What cutaneous branch of the Trigeminal nerve will most likely be effected?

a) infra-orbital nerve
b) mental nerve
c) buccal nerve
d) opthalmic nerve

Answer 12

Mental Nerve

Question 13

Which cutaneous branch of the mandibular division will innervate 2/3 of the temporal region?

a) auriculotemporal nerve
b) zygomaticotemporal nerve

Answer 13

auriculotemporal nerve ( remember it also innervates other aspects of the face)

Question 14

Which branch of the mandibular division will supply sensory innervation to the scalp?

Answer 14

auriculotemporal nerve

Question 15

The portion of the scalp posterior to the auricle gets its sensory innervation from which two nerves?

Answer 15

1) lesser occipital nerve

2) greater occipital nerve

Question 16

The muscles that allow us to chew our food (mastication) are innervated by what cranial nerve?

a) CN X
b) CN V1
c) CN V2
d) CN V3

Answer 16

CN-V3 - ( mandibular division of the trigeminal verve)

Question 17

Which cranial nerve runs through the anterior portion of the parotid gland?

Answer 17

CN-VII ( Facial nerve)

Question 18

The ability for us to make facial expression is because of the muscles that are innervated by what cranial nerve?

Answer 18

VII ( facial nerve)

Question 19

The facial nerve has 5 terminal branches what are they?

Answer 19

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical

• Remember mnemonic “To Zanzibar By Motor Car”

Question 20

Damage to the platysma muscle will effect which motor branch of the facial nerve?

Answer 20

Cervical branch

Question 21

Mandibular branch of the facial nerve supplies motor innervation to which muscles?

Answer 21

1) risorius

2) muscles of the lower lip and chin

Question 22

Damage to the inferior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle will effect which motor branch of the facial nerve?

a) cervical branch
b) buccal branch
c) zygomatic branch
d) temporal branch

Answer 22

Zygomatic branch

Question 23

Which motor branch innervates the the upper part of the orbicularis oris muscle?

Answer 23

buccal branch ( remember it also innervates buccinator muscle and inferior fibers of the levator labii superioris)

Question 24

Which motor branch innervates the the superior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle?

Answer 24

Temporal branch ( also innervates frontalis and auricularis anterior and superior)

Question 25

A patient suffering from Bells palsy has damage to which cranial nerve?

Answer 25

CN VII

Question 26

Name in order the arterial supply of the face. (start from the neck )

Answer 26

external carotid>>> facial artery>>>>inferior labial artery>>> superior labial artery>>> infra-orbital artery>>> angular artery

Question 27

Name in order the venous supply of the face. ( start from the neck)

Answer 27

external jugular vein>>>> facial vein>>>> infra-labial vein>>> supra labial vein>>> lateral nasal vein >>> angular vein

Question 28

Cavernous sinus syndrome and cavernous sinus thrombosis can be caused by what?

Answer 28

Infection spreading into the cavernous sinus ( THE DANGER AREA OF THE FACE)

Question 29

What two veins form the cavernous sinus?

Answer 29

Superior and inferior opthalmic veins

Question 30

A patient presents with swelling and bulging of her left eye. She is no longer able to move her infected eye (opthalmoplegia). The doctor on duty has diagnosed her with Cavernous Sinus syndrome. He explains The loss of eye movement is due to compression of a few nerves that innervate that muscle in the infected area. What nerves is the doctor talking about and in which opening/foramen/canal do these nerves exit through?

Answer 30

CN-III ( Superior orbital fissure) CN- IV ( superior Orbital fissure) CN- VI (superior Orbital Fissure )

Question 31

The patient with Cavernous Sinus Syndrome may also have sensory deficit in the area that is infected. Which Cranial Nerve supplies this sensory innervation?

Answer 31

CN-V1 and CN-V2

Question 32

What makes up the superficial ring of lymph nodes?

Answer 32

Mental, mandibular, parotid, mastoid and occipital

Question 33

Lymph from what parts of the head drain into the superficial ring of lymph nodes?

Answer 33

Scalp Face Neck

Question 34

Name the lymph drainage in order starting from the Superficial ring of lymph nodes

Answer 34

Superficial ring of lymph nodes>>>> deep cervical nodes>>> jugular lymphatic trunk>>> thoracic duct on the left or brachiocephalic vein on the right

Question 35

The scalp is made up of 5 layers are are they starting from superficial

Answer 35

``` Skin Connective tissue Aponeurosis Loose connective tissue ( or loose areolar tissue) Pericranium ``` * S C A L P

Question 36

Within the five layers of the scalp where would you find the cutenous nerve

Answer 36

Within the Connective tissue layer

Question 37

within the five layers of the scalp where would you find an abundance of lymphatic drainage and rich blood supply/?

Answer 37

within the Skin layer

Question 38

A potential spread of infection would most likely be found where within the 5 layers of the scalp? a) pericranium b) aponeurosis c) connective tissue d) skin e) loose connective tissue

Answer 38

e- loose connective tissue ( loose areolar tissue) (The DANGER SPACE)

Question 39

The calvaria is covered by which layer of the scalp?

Answer 39

Aponeurosis

Question 40

A patient who has an infection in the loose connective tissue layer is in danger of having the infection spread, bypassing the remainder of the layers that protect the brain. The reason for this bypass is due to what veins?

Answer 40

emissary veins

Question 41

Where does the frontalis muscle insert?

Answer 41

Skin ( Remember infections may spread to the eyelids and root of the nose because of this insertion. where as an infection wont spread to the neck because the Occipitalis muscle inserts onto the occipital bone which blocks the passage )