Blood and transfusions Flashcards
When looking at blood types, the presence of an A antigen will have what kind of Antibodies?
B antibodies
In the A antigen the terminal sugar is what?
N- acetylgalactosamine
In the B antigen the terminal sugar is what?
D-Galactose
What enzyme is responsible for the differences in sugar structure on cells?
galatocyl transferase
The O antigen lacks the terminal sugar Due to what kind of mutation? and therefore, ends with what?
Frameshift mutation (Delta G258) Substance H (fucose)
Rarely a lack of fucose transferase results in what kind of phenotype?
Bombay phenotype
In case of a mismatch in the blood types with preformed antibodies against RBC, the transfusion recipient will experience what?
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
In case of mismatch in blood groups (not ABO) without preformed antibodies against RBC, the transfusion recipient will experience what?
delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction
A person with Blood group genotype AA/AO will have what kind of antibodies?
anti B antibodies
A person with blood group genotype AB will have what kind of antibodies?
none
A person with blood group OO will have what kind of antibodies?
anti A and anti B antibodies
Hemolytic disease of the newborn occurs because of the crossing of what immunoglobulin through the placenta attacks the RBCs of the fetus?
IgG
in order for an Rh- mother to avoid the production of her own immunity for Rh+ antigen she must be given what within 72hrs of birth of the Rh+ baby
injection of RhoGAM (anti Rh+ antibodies)
Why is RhoGAM safer?
RhoGAM contains IgG, but its much lower in concentrations that what the mother would produce (no damage done to the fetus)
What is the most common incompatibility that arises after ABO and Rh?
Lewis blood group
