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MINI 4 > Anti anemia drugs > Flashcards

Anti anemia drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Routes of Administration (ROA) of Carbonyl Iron and Ferrous Gluconate

A

oral preferred given usually over 3-6 months

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2
Q

ROA for ferric gluconate

A

IV

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3
Q

ROA for iron dextran

A

IV/IM given to people with documented Fe anemia or people who can’t tolerate pills

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4
Q

Elimination method of endogenous iron

A

none

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5
Q

what form is iron stored in ferritin

A

Fe+3 ferric

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6
Q

where is iron stored

A

bone marrow, liver, duodenum

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7
Q

How is iron transported and in what form is it transported in?

A

Transferrin transports iron in the ferric form to TfR in the bone marrow to bind with heme

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8
Q

Where is iron absorbed

A

duodenum, jejunun, ileum

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9
Q

Clinical Use (CU) of ferric gluconate

A

given to pts with chronic hemodialysis

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10
Q

CU of carbonyl iron, ferrous gluconate

A

given for iron def anemia over 3-6 months

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11
Q

CU of iron dextran

A

pts must have a documented case of anemia

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12
Q

Adverse effects of carbonyl iron and ferrous gluconate

A

dark stools

BBW overdose in little kids

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13
Q

Adverse effects of ferric gluconate

A

n/v/d, hypotension

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14
Q

Adverse effects for iron dextran

A

BBW analphylatic rxn

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15
Q

Tx for acute iron toxicity

A

bowel irrigation or iron antidote (deferoxamine )

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16
Q

chronic iron toxicity

A

iron overload hemochromatosis

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17
Q

most common form of hemochromatosis

A

HFE polymorphism

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18
Q

Iron dextran contraindications

A

Category C for pregnant women

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19
Q

ROA of Deferoxamine

A

oral, SC, IV

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20
Q

ROA for Deferasirox

A

oral

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21
Q

how is deferoxamine excreted

A

urine

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22
Q

how is deferasirox excreted

A

feces

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23
Q

Clinical uses of iron chelators

A

binds to the ferric form of iron and inactives it

does not bind to ferrous form on heme

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24
Q

Clinical use of Deferoxamine

A

acute iron toxicity and chronic iron overload

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25
Q

Clinical Use of Deferasirox

A

chronic iron overloading from blood transfusions

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26
Q

Adverse effects of deferoxamine

A

growth retardation, neuropahy

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27
Q

contraindications of deferoxamine

A

renal failure, pregnancy rating category c

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28
Q

adverse effects for deferasirox

A

BBW—high creatitine levels, renal failure, GI bleed, liver failure

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29
Q

contraindications of deferasirox

A

EPASS enrollees

30
Q

Cyanocobalamin two active forms in the body

A

methocobalamin and deoxyadenocobalamin

31
Q

b12 is absorbed with what

A

intrinsic factor

32
Q

ROA of b12

A

oral, IM, SC, nasal

33
Q

Where is b12 stored ?

A

liver

34
Q

how much b12 do we loose daily?

A

trace amounts found in urine and feces (would require 3-5 years to become b12 def if we stopped consummation to date)

35
Q

THF is a

A

cofactor

36
Q

Clinical uses of B12

A

treat and prevent b12 deficiencies

37
Q

B12 defs present with

A

megaloblastic anemia with neurological problems

38
Q

Can u treat a b12 def individual with folic acid?

A

yes, it will cure the mega anemia but not the neurological issues

39
Q

Diagnostics for b12

A

serum vitamin levels

elevated homocysteine and l-methylmalonyl acid `

40
Q

Schilling test uses what

A

radio labeled b12 that is excreted in the urine

41
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

presents on a schilling test with low levels of b12 in urine without IF

42
Q

Damage to distal ileum

A

presents on schilling test with lower levels of b12 in urine with IF and w/o

43
Q

If a malabsorption issue is noted for a b12 def, pt needs treatment in what form

A

parental (IV)

44
Q

selected adverse of effects of cyclocobalamin

A

CHF, analphyaxis, pain at injection site

45
Q

contraindications of cyclocobalamine

A

leber’s optic nerve

46
Q

ROA for folic acid

A

topical, IV, oral, IM

47
Q

Absorption of folic acid

A

distal ileum stored in the liver

48
Q

pregnant woman requires

A

300-400 micrograms per day

adult 50-200 daily

49
Q

CU of folic acid

A

tx of megaloblastic anemia due to a folic acid def

50
Q

oral administration only

A

in pregnant women preventiing neural tube defects

51
Q

topical ROA

A

anti-aging creams

52
Q

IV administration only

A

methanol poisoning

53
Q

adverse effects

A

sleeping issues, bronchiospasms, irritability

54
Q

contraindications of folic acid

A

un diagnosable anemia

55
Q

ROA of Leucovorin

A

oral, IV, IM

56
Q

Leocovorin is a cofactor for

A

THF (methylene THF and methyl-THF)

57
Q

Leu is absorbed

A

in the small intestine

58
Q

Leuco enters into the folic acid cycle

A

as a cofactor for THF

bypasses the DHF phase where methotrexate is acting on

59
Q

LEucovorin clinical use

A

rescues cells exposed to folate antagonists-methotrexate

60
Q

oral adim of leucovorin only in

A

trimethoprim toxicity

61
Q

IV admin of leucovorin

A

methanol poisoning and advanced colorectal cancers

62
Q

5-FU is used for colorectal cancers explain its reaction with leucovorin

A

leucovorin binds to THF
THF then binds to 5-FU
activates TS
to increase cytotoxic effects

63
Q

Darbepoetin alpha Epoetin alpha

A

recombinant human pro tine of EPO

64
Q

ROA of Epoetin

A

IV/SC 3 times a week

65
Q

Darbepoetin alpha

A

IV/SC once weekly

66
Q

Pharmacodynamics of Darb and Epoetin

A

binds to EPO receptors on PM of progenitor cells in bone marrow

67
Q

Administration of Darb and Epo alpha

A

respond to the tissue hypoxia

68
Q

Clinical uses of Darbopoetin alpha

A

anemia associated with chronic kidney disease

chemotherapy related anemia

69
Q

What do patients usually receive with Darbopeotin alpha

A

iron and folate tx

70
Q

Clinical uses of Epoetin alpha

A

anemia assoc with chronic kidney disease
chemotherapy related anemia
zidovodine related anemia
PRE OP blood transfusions

MINI 4 (23 decks)

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