Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle functions 5

A

Movement
Stability
Control body openings and passages
Heat production
Glycemic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscle characteristics 5

A

Excitability
Conductivity
Contractibility
Extensibility
Elasticity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Skeletal muscle shapes

A

Fusiform
Parallel
Triangular
Pennate (Uni, bi, multi)
Circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fusiform muscle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Parallel muscle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Triangular muscle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pennate muscle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Circular muscle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Origin

A

The anchored end of the muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Insertion

A

Attached to the moving part of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prime mover

A

Provides the primary force for the action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Synergist

A

Aids the prime mover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fixator

A

Stabilizes the part of the body that the moving muscle is attached to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Antagonists

A

Counteracts the prime mover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Facia

A

Connective tissue that separates the muscle from other muscles and organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Epimysium

A

Connective tissue that surrounds an individual muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Perimysium

A

Connective tissue that surrounds and defines fascicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Endomysium

A

Connective tissue that separates individual muscle fibers

19
Q

Muscle structure

A

Muscle
Fascicle
Muscle fiber

20
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Cell membrane
- T tubules

21
Q

T tubules

A

Infoldings from the sarcolemma that penetrate and conduct impulses from one side of the cell to the other

22
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm
- glycogen
- myoglobin
- sarcoplasmic reticulum
- myofibrils

23
Q

Glycogen

A

Polysaccharide
Is converted into glucose to produce ATP

24
Q

Myoglobin

A

Protein that binds to oxygen making it available to cells

25
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Store and release calcium for the contraction process
26
Myofibrils
Most prominent organelle Contain myofilaments
27
Thick filaments
Bundles of contractile proteins called myosin Each myosin has a head and tail The head attached to thin filament
28
Thin filaments
Consist of two intertwined contractile proteins called actin and two additional proteins called troponin and tropomyosin The actin contains binding sites for myosin heads
29
Tropomyosin
Covers binding sites on actin when the muscle is resting
30
Troponin
Allows or prevents contraction Has binding sites for calcium When calcium is present, troponin triggers tropomyosin to move
31
Elastic fibers
Contain spring like filaments that anchor the thick filaments in place, help them to recoil and prevent overstretching
32
Sarcomere
Collection of thin, thick, and elastic filaments found between two z disks
33
Motor neurons
Carry informations from cns to the muscle
34
Motor unit
Consist of a motor neuron and all the muscle cells that it controls Either completely acting or completely resting
35
Synaptic knob
Each branch from the motor neuron has an enlarged terminal Contains synaptic vesicles
36
Synaptic vesicles
Small sacs that contain neurotransmitters
37
ACh (Acectylcholine)
Neurotransmitter used to stimulate the skeletal muscle at a specific neuromuscular junction
38
Synaptic cleft
Physical space btw synaptic knob and muscle cell
39
ACh receptors
40
AChE (Acetylcholinesterase)
An enzyme in the synaptic cleft that destroys ACh to stop contraction
41
Skeletal muscle
Voluntary Striated Multinucleate
42
Cardiac muscle
Involuntary Striated Intercalated discs
43
Smooth muscle
Involuntary Non-striated