Joints Flashcards
Bony joints
Two fused bones
Synostosis (no movement)
Example: mandible, frontal bones, epiphysis/diaphysis
Fibrous joints
Bound by collagen fibers
Synarthrosis (little movement)
1. Sutures
2. Gomphoses
3. Syndesmoses
Sutures
Between cranial bones
Gomphoses
Tooth and mandible
Tooth and maxilla
Syndesmoses
Slightly moveable
Hold two bones next to each other
Example: ulna/radius; tibia/fibula
Cartilaginous joints
Cartilage holds the bones together
Amphiarthrosis (moderate movement)
1. Synchondroses
2. Symphyses
Synchondroses
Bones bound by hyaline cartilage
In children btw diaphysis and epiphysis; btw first rib and sternum
Symphysis
Bones bound by a thick layer of fibrocartilage
Pubic symphysis; intervertebral disks
Synovial joints
Common
Fluid filled cavity that connects bones. Surrounded by a joint capsule
Diarthrosis (freely moveable)
Joint cavity
Fluid filled cavity that connects the bones
Joint capsule parts
Outer- fibrous capsule holds together and holds fluid
Inner- produces synovial fluid
Accessory structures
Tendons
Ligaments
Bursa
Tendons
Attach muscle to bones
Ligaments
Bone to bone
Bursa
Fluid filled sac that cushions and alleviates rubbing
Articular disk
Fibrocartilage that sections synovial fluid in the joint cavity
End of clavicles, btw ulna and carpals
Meniscus
Fibrocartilage pad that absorbs extra force in the knees
Types of synovial joints
Ball and socket
Condylar
Saddle
Plane
Hinge
Pivot
Ball and socket
Multi axial
Shoulder, hip
Condylar
Bi axial
Btw metacarpals and phalanges
Saddle
Biaxial
Btw trapezoid and first metacarpal of the thumb
Plane
Biaxial
Btw carpals and btw tarsals
Hinge
Monaxial
Elbow and knee
Pivot
Monaxial
Head of the radius w ulna
Synovial joint movements
Monaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial
Types of joints
Bony
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Synostosis
No movement
Diarthrosis
Free movement
Synarthrosis
Little movement
Amphiarthrosis
Moderate movement
