Histology

Question 1

Epithelial characteristics

Answer 1

Covers surfaces
Avascular
Rests upon a basement membrane and extends up to a free or apical surface

Question 2

Epithelial composition

Answer 2

Composed of tightly packed, highly mitotic cells with little to no matrix

Question 3

Epithelial functions 6

Answer 3

Protection
Secretion
Excretion
Absorption
Filtration
Sensation

Question 4

Connective tissue characteristics

Answer 4

Vascularized
Consists of mostly matrix with widely spaced cells

Question 5

Connective tissue functions 8

Answer 5

Binds organs
Support
Physical protection
Immune protection
Movement
Storage
Heat protection
Transportation

Question 6

Matrix characteristics

Answer 6

Non-living
Consists of fibers and ground substances

Question 7

Cell types in fibrous connective tissue 6

Answer 7

Fibroblasts
Mast cells
Macrophages
Leukocytes
Plasma cells
Adipocytes

Question 8

Connective tissue classification

Answer 8

Fibrous
Adipose
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

Question 9

Types of fibrous connective tissue

Answer 9

Areolar
Reticular
Dense regular
Dense irregular

Question 10

Areolar (fibrous CT)

Answer 10

Space between cells
Elastic and collagen’s fibers
Lots of ground substance and blood vessels
Underlying epithelial tissue

Question 11

Reticular (fibrous CT)

Answer 11

Sponge-like network amongst various blood cells
Used for filtering material out of lymph
Found in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen

Question 12

Dense regular (fibrous CT)

Answer 12

Lots of collagen and elastin fibers in parallel alignment
Organized wavy pattern
Few cells
Rope-like, resists stress in one direction
Forms ligaments and tendons

Question 13

Dense irregular (fibrous CT)

Answer 13

Few cells
Not organized
Withstand multidirectional forces
Found in dermis (deep layers)

Question 14

Adipose (loose CT)

Answer 14

Little to no matrix
Closely packed adipocytes
Stores triglycerides
Found beneath skin, within breasts and around organs

Question 15

Cartilage composition

Answer 15

Consists of chondrites surrounded by rubbery matrix
Avascular

Question 16

Three types of cartilage

Answer 16

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

Question 17

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 17

Glassy appearance form collagen
Found at the end of bones, trachea, larynx, and fetal skeleton

Question 18

Elastic cartilage

Answer 18

Has elasticity from collagen and elastin
Found in external ear and epiglottis

Question 19

Fibrocartilage

Answer 19

Coarse collagen fibers make it stronger for chronic pressure
Found in the disks between vertebra, menisci of the knees and pubic symphysis

Question 20

Bone composition

Answer 20

Osteocytes surrounded but matrix

Question 21

Bone function

Answer 21

Support
Leverage
Mineral storage
Protection

Question 22

Blood composition

Answer 22

Liquid matrix
Composed of formed elements
- white blood cells
- red blood cells
- platelets

Question 23

Blood functions

Answer 23

Transports substances through the body

Question 24

Nervous tissue composition

Answer 24

Neurons
Neuroglia

Question 25

Nervous tissue function

Answer 25

Transmits electrical signals for communication

Question 26

Neurons

Answer 26

Highly excitable cells that transmit electrical signals

Question 27

Neuralgia

Answer 27

Support neurons

Question 28

Muscular tissue composition

Answer 28

Myocytes capable of contracting

Question 29

Three types of muscular tissue

Answer 29

Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

Question 30

Glands

Answer 30

Cells or organs that secrete or excrete

Question 31

Two basic types of glands

Answer 31

Endocrine Exocrine

Question 32

Endocrine glands

Answer 32

Secrete hormones into blood

Question 33

Exocrine glands

Answer 33

Use ducks to excrete to a near by surface

Question 34

Membranes

Answer 34

Flat sheets or layers made up of several types of tissue

Question 35

Types of membranes

Answer 35

Mucous Serous Synovial Endothelium Cutaneous

Question 36

Mucous membrane

Answer 36

Line passageways to exterior Three layers (epithelium, Areolar connective, smooth muscle) Functions: absorption, secretion, protection

Question 37

Serous membrane

Answer 37

Simple squamous epithelium over Areolar connective Produces serous fluid Lines internal cavities Found in main body cavities Parietal (touches cavity wall) and visceral (touches organ)

Question 38

Cutaneous membrane

Answer 38

Skin

Question 39

Endothelium

Answer 39

Lines circulatory system Simple squamous on Areolar Allows for gas exchange

Question 40

Cutaneous

Answer 40

Skin

Question 41

Types of connective tissues

Answer 41

Fibrous Adipose Cartilage Bone Blood