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A&P > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Epithelial characteristics

A

Covers surfaces
Avascular
Rests upon a basement membrane and extends up to a free or apical surface

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2
Q

Epithelial composition

A

Composed of tightly packed, highly mitotic cells with little to no matrix

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3
Q

Epithelial functions 6

A

Protection
Secretion
Excretion
Absorption
Filtration
Sensation

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4
Q

Connective tissue characteristics

A

Vascularized
Consists of mostly matrix with widely spaced cells

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5
Q

Connective tissue functions 8

A

Binds organs
Support
Physical protection
Immune protection
Movement
Storage
Heat protection
Transportation

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6
Q

Matrix characteristics

A

Non-living
Consists of fibers and ground substances

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7
Q

Cell types in fibrous connective tissue 6

A

Fibroblasts
Mast cells
Macrophages
Leukocytes
Plasma cells
Adipocytes

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8
Q

Connective tissue classification

A

Fibrous
Adipose
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

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9
Q

Types of fibrous connective tissue

A

Areolar
Reticular
Dense regular
Dense irregular

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10
Q

Areolar (fibrous CT)

A

Space between cells
Elastic and collagen’s fibers
Lots of ground substance and blood vessels
Underlying epithelial tissue

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11
Q

Reticular (fibrous CT)

A

Sponge-like network amongst various blood cells
Used for filtering material out of lymph
Found in lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen

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12
Q

Dense regular (fibrous CT)

A

Lots of collagen and elastin fibers in parallel alignment
Organized wavy pattern
Few cells
Rope-like, resists stress in one direction
Forms ligaments and tendons

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13
Q

Dense irregular (fibrous CT)

A

Few cells
Not organized
Withstand multidirectional forces
Found in dermis (deep layers)

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14
Q

Adipose (loose CT)

A

Little to no matrix
Closely packed adipocytes
Stores triglycerides
Found beneath skin, within breasts and around organs

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15
Q

Cartilage composition

A

Consists of chondrites surrounded by rubbery matrix
Avascular

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16
Q

Three types of cartilage

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

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17
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Glassy appearance form collagen
Found at the end of bones, trachea, larynx, and fetal skeleton

18
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

Has elasticity from collagen and elastin
Found in external ear and epiglottis

19
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Coarse collagen fibers make it stronger for chronic pressure
Found in the disks between vertebra, menisci of the knees and pubic symphysis

20
Q

Bone composition

A

Osteocytes surrounded but matrix

21
Q

Bone function

A

Support
Leverage
Mineral storage
Protection

22
Q

Blood composition

A

Liquid matrix
Composed of formed elements
- white blood cells
- red blood cells
- platelets

23
Q

Blood functions

A

Transports substances through the body

24
Q

Nervous tissue composition

A

Neurons
Neuroglia

25
Q

Nervous tissue function

A

Transmits electrical signals for communication

26
Q

Neurons

A

Highly excitable cells that transmit electrical signals

27
Q

Neuralgia

A

Support neurons

28
Q

Muscular tissue composition

A

Myocytes capable of contracting

29
Q

Three types of muscular tissue

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

30
Q

Glands

A

Cells or organs that secrete or excrete

31
Q

Two basic types of glands

A

Endocrine
Exocrine

32
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Secrete hormones into blood

33
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Use ducks to excrete to a near by surface

34
Q

Membranes

A

Flat sheets or layers made up of several types of tissue

35
Q

Types of membranes

A

Mucous
Serous
Synovial
Endothelium
Cutaneous

36
Q

Mucous membrane

A

Line passageways to exterior
Three layers (epithelium, Areolar connective, smooth muscle)
Functions: absorption, secretion, protection

37
Q

Serous membrane

A

Simple squamous epithelium over Areolar connective
Produces serous fluid
Lines internal cavities
Found in main body cavities
Parietal (touches cavity wall) and visceral (touches organ)

38
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

Skin

39
Q

Endothelium

A

Lines circulatory system
Simple squamous on Areolar
Allows for gas exchange

40
Q

Cutaneous

A

Skin

41
Q

Types of connective tissues

A

Fibrous
Adipose
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

A&P (16 decks)

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