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A&P > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

Skin functions

A

Resistance to trauma
Other barrier functions
Vitamin D synthesis
Sensation
Thermoregulation
Nonverbal communication

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2
Q

Layers of the skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

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3
Q

Epidermis composition

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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4
Q

Epidermis characteristics

A

Contains dead cells packed with keratin
Avascular
Few nerve supply
Highly mitotic

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5
Q

Cells of the epidermis

A

Mitotic stem cells
Melanocytes
Tactile cells
Keratinocytes
Dendritic

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6
Q

Layers of the epidermis

A

Stratum basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum corneum

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7
Q

Dermis

A

Provides support for the epidermis

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8
Q

Dermis layers

A

Papillary layer (superficial)
Reticular layer (deep)

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9
Q

Structures of the dermis

A

Hair
Glands
Follicles

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10
Q

Hypodermis

A

Binds skin to underlying tissue and structures
Highly vascular

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11
Q

Hair structure

A

Follicle- hollow tube around
Bulb- base(living cells)
Root-
Shaft- exposed

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12
Q

Nails

A

Extension of the stratum corneum

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13
Q

Structure of the nail

A

Plate- visible
Root- embedded under skin
Matrix- stratum basale (sight of growth)

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14
Q

Cutaneous glands

A

Endocrine
Exocrine

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15
Q

Types of exocrine glands

A

Sweat glands- sweat
Sebaceous- sebum (oil)
Ceruminous- Cerumen (ear wax)
Mammary- milk

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16
Q

Types of sweat glands

A

Apocrine- sweat into hair follicle (scent)
Merocrine- sweat onto skin

17
Q

Stem cells

A

Unspecified
Help repair damage

18
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Produce keratin which protects the skin, heals wounds, and keeps nails and hair healthy

19
Q

Melanocytes

A

Produce melanin which protects against UV

20
Q

Tactile cells

A

Transmit stimuli to the CNS

21
Q

Dendritic cells

A

Identify antigens and stimulate the immune response

22
Q

Stratum basale

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, and tactile cells

Site of new skin production

23
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Keratinocytes and dendritic cells

Thickest layer

24
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Keratinocytes

Waterproof; keratinocytes start to die

25
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Keratinocytes

Only in thick skin

26
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Dead keratinocytes and keratin

Resistant to abrasion, penetration, and water loss

27
Q

Dermal pipillae

A

Projections from the dermis that connect with the epidermis

28
Q

Epidermal ridges

A

Projections from the epidermis that connect with the dermis

29
Q

Papillary layer

A

Thin, superficial

Loose Areolar connective

30
Q

Reticular

A

Thick, deep

Dense irregular connective

31
Q

Subcutaneous tissue cells

A

Fat cells, collagen, blood vessels, and nerves

32
Q

Subcutaneous tissue function

A

Insulation, thermoregulation, chock absorption, structural support, energy storage

33
Q

Subcutaneous fat cells

A

Adipose tissue

34
Q

Subcutaneous fat function

A

Pads muscles and bones
Thermoregulation

A&P (16 decks)

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