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A&P > Male Reproductive > Flashcards

Male Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

Semen

A

Fluid expelled during ejaculation
Contains sperm and secretions produced by accessory glands

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2
Q

Seminal fluid

A

60% of semen
Contains:
Fructose- energy
Citrate- neutralize acids
Prostaglandins- stimulate uterus

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3
Q

Prostate fluid

A

30% of semen
Contains:
Calcium, citrate, phosphates- elevate pH
Clotting enzymes- help sperm adhere to the female reproductive tract

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4
Q

Bulbourethral fluid

A

In semen
Lubrication

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5
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Occurs in the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules
Starts in puberty and goes till death
Takes several months for sperm to mature
Starts with one cell and ends with four

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6
Q

Stages of a sperm cell life

A

Primordial germ cell
Spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
Secondary spermatocytes
Spermatids

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7
Q

Spermiogenesis

A

Maturation of sperm cells (spermatids) and addition of flagellum

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8
Q

Primordial germ cells

A

Diploid/two end condition
During fetal development these cells develop further to become spermatogonia

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9
Q

Spermatogonia

A

Remain dormant in the testes until puberty
Hormones cause Spermatogonia to divide by mitosis to make additional Spermatogonia
Some Spermatogonia from the germinal epithelium move btw stealer cells and cross the blood/testes barrier becoming primary spermatocytes

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10
Q

Primary spermatocytes

A

Still diploid/two end condition
Hormones cause mitosis 1 splitting the nucleus
Two daughter cells called secondary spermatocytes are formed

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11
Q

Secondary spermatocytes

A

Each has half of the original chromosomes to become haploid/end condition
Automatically undergo mitosis 2 and become two haploid cells called spermatids

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12
Q

Spermatids

A

Final form of sperm

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13
Q

Parts of a mature sperm cell

A

Head
Midpiece
Tail

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14
Q

Head of a sperm cell

A

Has a haploid nucleus and a cap of digestive enzymes known as acrosome (used during fertilization

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15
Q

Midpiece of a sperm cell

A

Contains numerous mitochondria that are required to provide energy for movement

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16
Q

Flagella

A

Propels the sperm

17
Q

Male genitalia

A

Scrotum
Spermatic ducts
Penis

18
Q

Penis

A

External organ that transfers semen to the female reproductive tract

19
Q

Three layers of erectile tissue

A

Corpus spongiosum
Corpus cavernosum x2

20
Q

Corpus cavernosum

A

Dorsal erectile bodies

21
Q

Corpus spongiosum

A

Central column
Encloses the urethra

22
Q

Spermatic ducts

A

Epididymis
Ductus deferens
Ejaculatory duct

23
Q

Epididymis

A

Site of sperm maturation and storage

24
Q

Sperm in the epididymis

A

Takes 20 days for sperm to travel from one end of the epididymis to the distal end for storage
Once stored, viable for 40-60 days

25
Q

Ductus deferens

A

Carries sperm from the epididymis to the abdominal pelvic cavity where it will unite with the seminal vesicle in that side

26
Q

Ejaculatory duct

A

Where the duct from the seminal vesicles and the ductus deferens merge
Carries semen through he prostate gland and into the urethra

27
Q

Parts of the scrotum

A

Testes
Spermatic cord x2
Dartos muscle
Cremaster muscle
Epididymis

28
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

Surrounds the spermatic cords
Pull testes closer to the body

29
Q

Dartos muscle

A

Surrounds the spermatic cords
Pull testes closer to the body

30
Q

Spermatic cords

A

Ductus deferens
Blood vessels
Nerves
Lymphatic vessels

31
Q

Testes
- seminiferous tubules

A

Lined w/ germinal epithelium - gives rise to sperm cells
Sustentacular cells
Interstitial cells
Lumen
- hollow space running through each tubule

32
Q

Sustentacular cells
- in the testes

A

Protect and support germinal epithelium

33
Q

Interstitial cells in the testes

A

Primary source of testosterone

A&P (16 decks)

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