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Anatomy > Muscle Tissue and Organization > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue and Organization Flashcards

1
Q

excitability

A

it responds to electrical stimuli

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2
Q

contractability

A

contracts to move bones or propel materials inside the body

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3
Q

elasticity

A

the muscle cell will recoil to its resting length when the applied tension is removed

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4
Q

extensibility

A

muscle cell is capable of extending in length in response to the contraction of opposing muscle cells

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5
Q

hypertrophy

A

an increase in muscle fiber size, often following regular excercise

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6
Q

sphincters

A

circular muscle bands at openings of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts

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7
Q

Orifices

A

openings of the gastrointestinal urinary tracts

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8
Q

Tendon

A

connective tissue layers merging to form a cordlike structure that attaches muscle to bone

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9
Q

aponeurosis

A

thin, flattened sheet of tendon.

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10
Q

Origin

A

less movable attachment site of muscle

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11
Q

insertion

A

more moveable attachment site of muscle

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12
Q

tendonitis

A

inflammation of either a tendon or a synovial sheath around a tendon

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13
Q

What controls skeletal muscles

A

the somatic nervous system

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14
Q

Motor neurons

A

efferent neurons. travel from the CNS to the muscle fibers

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15
Q

sensory neurons

A

Afferent neurons. Travel to the CNS reporting activity of the muscles

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16
Q

fascicles

A

bundle of muscle fibers

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17
Q

circular muscles

A

fibers concentrically arranged around an opening or recess

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18
Q

Another name for circular muscle

A

sphincter

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19
Q

Parallel muscles

A

fascicles run parallel to its long axis

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20
Q

Convergent muscles

A

widespread muscle fibers that converge on a common attachment site

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21
Q

pennate muscles

A

tendons and muscle fibers resemble a large feather.

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22
Q

unipennate muscle

A

all the muscle fibers are on the same side of the tendon

23
Q

Bipennate muscle

A

muscle fibers are on both sides of the tendon

24
Q

Multipennate muscle

A

the tendon branches within the muscle

25
Q

biomechanics

A

the practice of applying mechanical principles to biology

26
Q

lever

A

an elongated, rigid object that rotates around a fixed point

27
Q

Fulcrum

A

fixed point

28
Q

effort arm

A

the part of the lever from the fulcrum to the point of effort

29
Q

resistance arm

A

part of the lever from the fulcrum to the point of resistance

30
Q

First class lever system

A

fulcrum is in the middle

31
Q

Second class lever system

A

resistance is in the middle

32
Q

third class lever system

A

effort is in the middle

33
Q

Agonist

A

prime mover, muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement

34
Q

antagonist

A

muscle whose actions oppose those of the agonist

35
Q

synergist

A

muscle that assists the prime mover in performing its action

36
Q

Lifter

A

Levator

37
Q

pectoralis

A

chest or pectus

38
Q

intercostal

A

inbetween ribs

39
Q

brachii

A

upper arm

40
Q

zygomaticus

A

zygomatic bone

41
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

sternum, clavicle and mastoid process of skull

42
Q

rectus

A

straight

43
Q

transverse

A

across

44
Q

oblique

A

oblique

45
Q

deltoid

A

triangle

46
Q

trapezius

A

trapezoid

47
Q

longus

A

long

48
Q

brevis

A

short

49
Q

teres

A

both long and round

50
Q

maximus

A

large

51
Q

minimus

A

small

52
Q

biceps

A

two heads/tendons of origin

53
Q

triceps

A

three heads/tendons of origin

54
Q

quadriceps

A

four heads/tendons of origin

Anatomy (21 decks)

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