Cartilage and Bone Connective Tissue Flashcards
What is osteology?
The study of bones
What does skeleton mean?
Dried up
What are the extra bones in the sutures of the skull called?
Sutual bones or wormian bones
Bones that develop in tendons in response to stress as the tendons repeatedly move across a joint are called what?
Sesamoid bones
Where does everyone have a Sesamoid bone?
At the anterior surface of the kneecap or patellae
What is a semi-rigid connective tissue that is weaker than bone, but more flexible and resilient.
Cartilage
What is a chondroblast?
An immature cartilage producing cell. Matures into a chondrocyte
What does a chondrocyte do?
Maintains the matrix of the cartilage and ensures that it remains healthy and viable
What does avascular mean?
Not penetrated by blood vessels
Why doesn’t cartilage heal well?
Its avascular so there isn’t a blood supply to it
Major functions of cartilage
Supporting soft tissue, provides a gliding surface at articulations, provides a model for the formation of most bones in the body
What are the types of cartilage?
Hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage
What is the most abundant cartilage type?
Hyaline cartilage
What cartilage is found in the nose, trachea, portions of the larynx, the articular cartilage on bones, Growth in growing bones, and the fetal skeleton?
Hyaline cartliage
Where it’s Hyaline cartilage found?
In the nose, trachea, portions of the larynx, the articular cartilage on bones, growth plates in growing bones, and the fetal skeleton.
Which cartilage supplies support and flexibility and resilience, and it’s extracellular matrix has a translucent appearance?
Hyaline cartilage
What does Hyaline mean?
Translucent appearance
What cartilage has an extracellular matrix with numerous thick collagen fibers that help resist both stretching and compression?
Fibrocartilage
Where is fibrocartilage found?
Between the vertebrae and where the pubic bones join at the pubic symphysis
What cartilage is between the vertebrae and where the pubic bones join at the pubic symphysis
Fibrocartilage
Which cartilage contains highly branched elastic fibers within its avascular extracellular matrix?
Elastic cartilage.
Where is elastic cartilage found?
The external ear, the ear canal, the epiglottis that guards the entrance to the larynx
What are the tissue types of bones?
Vascular, nervous, connective, muscular, cartilage, and osseous
What is calcification
A process of making bones sturdy and rigid because of deposits of in minerals in the matrix
What are the functions of bones?
Support and protection, movement, hemopoisis/hematopoiesis, and storage of mineral and energy reserves
What is hemopoiesis?
The process of blood cell formation
What is hematopoiesis?
The process of blood cell formation
What bones in adults have active red marrow?
Flat bones of the skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, bones of the pelvis (ossa coxae), proximal ends of the long bones
What happens to inactive red marrow in adults?
It turns into fatty tissue called yellow bone barrow
