Muscle Innervations Flashcards
1
Q
Platysma
A
facial nerve
2
Q
Sternocleidomastoid
A
motor: accessory nerve
sensory: C2-C3
3
Q
Scalenes
A
ventral rami C3-C8
4
Q
Longus Capitis innervation
A
C1-C3
5
Q
Rectus Capitis Anterior & Lateralis
A
C1-C2
6
Q
Longus Colli innervation
A
C2-C6
7
Q
Masseter innervation
A
mandibular nerve (3rd branch of trigeminal nerve)
8
Q
Temporalis innervation
A
mandibular nerve (3rd branch of trigeminal nerve)
9
Q
Medial and Lateral Pterygoid
A
mandibular nerve (3rd branch of trigeminal nerve)
10
Q
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
A
oculomotor nerve
11
Q
Superior/Medial/Inferior Rectus
A
occulomotor nerve
12
Q
Lateral Rectus
A
abducens nerve
13
Q
Inferior Oblique
A
occulomotor nerve
14
Q
Superior Oblique
A
trochlear nerve
15
Q
Trapezius
A
motor: spinal accessory nerve
sensory: C3-C4
16
Q
Latissimus Dorsi
A
thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C7)
17
Q
Rhomboid Major/Minor
A
dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)
18
Q
Levator Scapula
A
dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
C3-C4
19
Q
Serratus Posterior Superior
A
intercostal nerves (T2-T5)
20
Q
Serratus Posterior Inferior
A
intercostal nerves (T9-T12)
21
Q
Serratus Anterior
A
long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
22
Q
Splenius Capitus/Cervicis
A
posterior rami of middle cervical spinal nerves
23
Q
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis
Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotatores
Interspinalis
Intertransversarii
A
posterior rami of spinal nerves
24
Q
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major/Minor
A
suboccipital nerve (C1)
25
Deltoid
axillary nerve (C5-C6)
26
Teres Major
lower subscapular nerve (C5-C6)
27
Supraspinatus
suprascapular nerve (C4-C6)
28
Infraspinatus
suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)
29
Teres Minor
axillary nerve (C5-C6)
30
Subscapularis
upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C7)
31
Pectoralis Major
lateral/medial pectoral nerves (C5-T1)
32
Pectoralis Minor
medial pectoral nerves (C8-T1)
33
Subclavius
subclavian nerve (C5-C6)
34
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)
35
Coracobrachialis
musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)
36
Triceps Brachii
radial nerve (C6-C8)
37
Anconeus
radial nerve (C7-T1)
38
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
median nerve (C6-C7)
39
Supinator
deep branch of radial nerve (C7-C8)
40
Palmaris Longus
median nerve (C7-C8)
41
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
median nerve (C8-T1)
42
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
ulnar nerve (C7-T1)
43
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
2nd-3rd digits: anterior interosseous branch of median nerve (C8-T1)
4th-5th digits: ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
44
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator Quadratus
anterior interosseous branch of median nerve (C8-T1)
45
Hand Lumbricals
2nd-3rd: median nerve
4th-5th: deep palmar branch of ulnar nerve
46
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Opponens Pollicis
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
recurrent branch of median nerve (C8-T1)
47
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Opponens Digiti Minimi
Adductor Pollicis
Palmar and Dorsal Interossei
deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8-T1)
48
Brachioradialis
radial nerve (C5-C7)
49
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
deep branch of radial nerve (C6-C7)
50
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
deep branch of radial nerve (C7-C8)
51
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Indicis
posterior interosseous nerve (C7-C8)
52
Psoas Major
ventral rami of L1-L3
53
Iliacus
Sartorius
femoral nerve (L2-L3)
54
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis/Intermedialis/Medialis
femoral nerve (L2-L4)
55
Gracilis
obturator nerve (L2-L3)
56
Pectineus
femoral nerve (L2-L4)
sometimes branch of obturator
57
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Minimus
obturator nerve (L2-L4)
58
Adductor Magnus
obturator nerve (L2-L4)
tibial nerve (L4)
59
Obturator Externus
obturator nerve (L3-L4)
60
Gluteus Maximus
inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
61
Gluteus Medius/Minimus
Tensor Fascia Latae
superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
62
Piriformis
ventral rami of S1-S2
63
Obturator Internus
Superior Gemellus
nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior (L5-S2)
64
Inferior Gemellus
Quadratus Femoris
nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior (L4-S1)
65
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps Femoris Long Head
tibial nerve (L5-S2)
66
Biceps Femoris Short Head
Peroneal Nerve (L5-S2)
67
Plantaris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Popliteus
tibial nerve (S1-S2)
68
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexor Digitorum Longus
tibial nerve (L5-S2)
69
Tibialis Posterior
tibial nerve (L4-L5)
70
Peroneus Longus/Brevis
superficial peroneal (L5-S1)
71
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Peroneus Tertius
deep peroneal nerve (L4-L5)
72
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Quadratus Plantae
lateral plantar nerve (S1-S3)
73
Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
medial plantar nerve (S1-S2)
74
Foot Lumbricales
1st: medial plantar nerve
2nd-4th: lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3)
75
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
medial head: medial plantar nerve (S1-S2)
lateral head: lateral plantar nerve (S1-S2)
76
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Adductor Hallucis
Dorsal/Plantar Interossei
lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3)
77
External/Internal Intercostals
Transversus Thoracis
Subcostals
intercostal nerves
78
External Obliques
intercostal nerves (T7-T12)
79
Internal Obliques
Transversus Abdominis
intercostal nerves (T7-T12)
iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
80
Rectus Abdominis
intercostal nerves (T5-12)
81
Quadratus Lumborum
anterior branches of T12
L1-L4
82
Respiratory Diaphragm
phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
83
Levator Ani
sacral plexus (S4)
inferior anal nerve
84
Coccygeus
sacral plexus (S4-S5)
85
Wasting of the thenar eminence musculature indicates possible damage to which muscle?
Median nerve
86
Which two nerves innervate the toe flexors
tibial nerve
medial plantar nerve
87
Which nerve(s) innervate muscles that allow for ulnar deviation
Ulnar - Flexor carpi ulnaris
Radial - Extensor carpi ulnaris
88
What artery is used as a point of reference when naming the cords of the brachial plexus?
axillary artery
The brachial plexus includes three cords (i.e., lateral, medial, posterior) that are named according to their position with respect to the axillary artery.
89
At which of the site might the median nerve be compressed (in the forearm)?
passing through the two heads of the pronator teres
Pronator syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the two heads of the pronator teres. This will affect sensory and motor function of the median nerve.
90
Which of the following muscles is innervated by the anterior division of the obturator nerve?
pectineus
adductor magnus
adductor longus
gracilis
adductor longus
All of the options are innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), but only the adductor longus is innervated by the anterior division. The pectineus is innervated by the obturator nerve in slightly less than 10% of individuals, while most often it is innervated by the femoral nerve.
91
Which nerve innervates the cremasteric muscle?
genitofemoral nerve
The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve arises from the roots of L1 and L2 and innervates the cremaster muscle. The cremaster muscle receives blood supply from the cremasteric artery.
92
An inability to extend the elbow could result from pathology affecting the:
ventral nerve root of C7
Efferent fibers that control motor function are located in the ventral nerve root as they exit the spinal cord. The triceps receive their primary innervation from the C7 spinal segment.
93
An inability to splay the fingers would indicate damage at which spinal segments?
C8-T1
The majority of the intrinsic muscles of the thumb and fingers are innervated at the C8-T1 spinal segments.
94
Most common way the axillary nerve is injured
fracture of the neck of the humerus
OR
anteiror dislocation of the shld
95
Most common way the musculocutaneous nerve is injured
fracture of the clavicle
96
Most common way the radial nerve is injured
compression through the radial tunnel
OR
Fracture of the humerus
97
Most common way the median nerve is injured
compression in the carpal tunnel
OR
pronator teres entrapment
98
Most common way the ulnar nerve is injured
compression in the cubital tunnel
OR
Entrapment in guyon's canal
99
In the upper extremities nerve injury typically occur due to _______ while the lower extremities nerve injures occur due to _______
Upper Extremities: trauma, pentation, traction or compression
Lower extremities: woman in labor, delivery, or procedure occurring around pelvis
100
Most common way the femoral nerve is injured
THA
displaced acetabular fracture
Anterior dislocation of femur
Hysterectomy
Appendectomy
101
Most common way the Sciaticnerve is injured
blunt force trauma to the buttocks
THA
accidental injection into the nerve
102
Most common way the obturator nerve is injured
fixation of femur fracture
THA
103
Most common way the peroneal nerve is injured
femure, tibia, or fibular fracture
positioning during sx
104
Most common way the tibialnerve is injured
tarsal tunnel entrapment
popliteal fossa compression
105
Most common way the sural nerve is injured
fracture of the calcaneus or lateral malleolus
106
Allesthesia
Allesthesia is the term for sensation that is felt at a site remote from the point of stimulation.
Allesthesia typically presents from a parietal lobe lesion or post amputation.
107
When testing vibration sensation, which type of tuning fork is standardly used?
128mHz
A test of vibration sensation requires a tuning fork that vibrates at 128 Hz. The test is conducted by striking the tuning fork and then placing the base of the tuning fork over a bony prominence
108
Which is the first form of sensation typically impacted in neurologic conditions?
light touch
Light touch is often the first sensation affected by a neurological condition and can be tested with a cotton ball or microfilament.
109
What equipment is required when screening for deficits in protective sensation?
Monofilament
Monofilament testing is a reliable method of assessing and documenting changes in protective sensation. The loss of protective sensation in individuals with peripheral neuropathy can significantly increase the risk of tissue damage.
110
An aesthesiometer would be most useful when conducting a formal measurement of:
two-point discrimination
An aesthesiometer is a device utilized to measure tactile sensitivity of the skin (i.e., two-point discrimination). Two-point discrimination refers to the ability to perceive two different points applied to the skin simultaneously. Two-point discrimination is a combined cortical sensation and would be assessed after the superficial and deep sensations have been assessed.
111
What is commonly associated with C7 nerve involvement?
weakness in the triceps, wrist flexors and sensory abnormalities in the dorsal forearm, long and ring fingers.
112
Weakness of the elbow flexion and wrist extension, diminished brachioradialis reflex? What is affected?
C6 nerve root
113
Sensory loss over the webspace of the thumb? What is affected
Radial nerve (C6-T1)
114
Weakness of shoulder abduction and ER. What is affected?
Suprascapular nerve (C5-6) - infraspinatus, supraspinatus
OR
Axillary nerve (C5-6) - deltoid, teres minor
115
Weakness with shoulder abduction and sensory loss of anterior forearm, diminished biceps reflex. What is affected?
C5 nerve root
116
Inability to perform tip-to-tip pinch? What is affected?
AIN nerve. Branch of the median nerve
117
Deep shoulder pain, weakness with ER. What is affected?
Suprascapular nerve
118
Loss of what nerve would result in the ape hand?
Median nerve
119
Weak DF and sensory loss over 1st webspace of the foot? What is affected?
deep peronal (more likely)....because DF more associated with L4 and 1st webspace associated with L5
could also be L5 nerve root (dermatome and myotome testing)
120
Weak PF, paresthesia over the heel/posterior leg? What is affected?
S1 nerve root
Or tibial nerve (sural branch)
121
1+ patellar tendon reflex, weak hip flexion, loss of sensation on medial malleolus? What is affected?
Femoral nerve (L2- L4)
patellar reflex (L3), weak hip flexion (L2), loss of sensation on medial malleolus (L4)
122
Weak eversion. What is affected?
Superficial peroneal (Fibular nerve)
123
Weak toe flexion, lateral foot paresthesia? What is affected?
Tibial nerve (L4-S3)
