MM actions and innervations Flashcards
1
Q
GHJ motions and innervations
A
Motions:
-flexion/extension
-ABD/ADD
-medial/lateral rotation
Innervation:
-suprascapular, axillary, and lateral pectoral nerves
2
Q
Anterior GHJ capsule ligaments
A
- Superior
- Middle
- Inferior - consists of anterior band, a posterior band, and an axillary recess
3
Q
Coracohumeral Ligament
A
Coracoid process - greater and lesser tubercles
Strengthens anterior capsule
Contains rotator cuff interval
4
Q
Transverse ligament
A
Runs from greater to lesser tubercle
Covers LHB tenson
5
Q
Coracoacromial Ligament
A
Consists of 2 bands that join near acromion
Provides stability for scapula
6
Q
Deltoid
A
I: Axillary N (C5-6)
A:
- Anterior - flexes and medially rotates arm
- Middle - ABD arm
- posterior - extends and laterally rotates arm
7
Q
Teres Major
A
I: Lower subscapular N (C5-C6)
A: ABD and medially rotates arm
8
Q
Rotator Cuff Mm
A
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
9
Q
Supraspinatus
A
I: Suprascapular n (C4,5,6)
A: assist in ABD of arm
10
Q
Infraspinatus
A
I: Suprascapular n (C5-6)
A: Laterally rotates arm
11
Q
Teres Minor
A
I: Axillary n (C5-6)
A: Laterally rotates arm
12
Q
Subscapular
A
I: Upper and lower subscapular n (C5, 6, 7)
A: Medially rotates arm
13
Q
ACJ
A
I:
- suprascapular n
- axillary n
- lat. pectoral n
14
Q
SCJ
A
I:
- Medial suprascapular n
- Subclavian n (C5,6,7)
A:
- elevation/depression
- protraction/retraction
-rotation
15
Q
Pec Major
A
Clavicular head innervation: Medial pectoral n C5-7
Sternocostal head innervation: Medial pectoral n C8-T1
Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral n C5-T1
16
Q
Subclavius
A
I: Subclavian n C5-6
A: to protect subclavian vessels and superior trunk of brachial plexus if clavicle fx
17
Q
Serratus Anterior
A
I: Long thoracic n (C5,6,7)
A: Protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall
18
Q
Brachialis
A
I: Musculocutaneous (c5-6)
A: flexes forearm in all positions
19
Q
Biceps Brachii
A
I: Musculocutaneous n (C5-6)
A: supinates forearm and flexes forearm when supinated
- long head can contribute to shoulder flexion when elbow extended
20
Q
Pronator Teres
A
I: median (C6-7)
- pierces this mm to innervate others in anterior compartments of forearm -> can lead to pronator teres syndrome
A: pronates forearm, assists in flexing forearm
21
Q
Supinator
A
I: deep branch of radial n (C7-8)
A: supinates forearm
22
Q
Flexor carpi radialis
A
I: median C6-7
A: flexes and abd hand, assist in flexing forearm
23
Q
Palmaris longus
A
I: median C7-8
A: flexes hand, assists in flexion of forearm
24
Q
flexor digitorum superficialis
A
I: median C8, T1
A: flexes middle and proximal phalanges of medial 4 digits, aids in flexing hand and forearm
25
Flexor carpi ulnaris
I: ulnar C7-T1
A: flexes and ADD hand, assists in flexing forearm
26
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
I: medial portion to 4th and 5th digits by ulnar n (C8-T1) and lateral portion to 2ns and 3rd digits by AIN of median n (C8-T1)
27
Flexor Policis Longus
I: anterior interosseous branch of median n C8-T1
A: flexes distal phalanx of thumb and by continued action, flexes proximal phalanx
28
Pronator quadratus
I: AIN C8-T1
A: pronates forearm
29
Lumbricals
I:
- median n: lateral 2 mm
- deep palmar branch of ulnar: medial 2 mm
A:
- flex fingers at metacarpophalangeal jts
- extends fingers at interphalangeal jts
30
Abductor pollicis brevis
I: recurrent branch of median (C8-T1)
A: ABD thumb at CMC & MCP jts; helps oppose thumb
31
Opponens Pollicis
I: recurrent branch of median (C8-T1)
A: Draws 1st metacarpal bone forward, and medially, opposing
32
Flexor pollicis brevis
I: recurrent branch of median n (C8-T1)
A:
- flexion of MCP of thumb
- assist in ABD of the thumb
33
Abductor digiti minimi
I: deep branch of ulnar C8-T1
A: ABD 5th finger; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx
34
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
I: deep branch of ulnar C8-T1
A: assist in flexion proximal phalanx of 5th finger
35
Opponens digiti minimi
I: deep branch of ulnar C8-T1
A: draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it bringing it to face thumb (opposition)
36
Adductor pollicis
I: deep branch of ulnar n C8-T1
A: ADD thumb; aids in opposition
37
Palmar Interossei
I: deep branch of ulnar n C8-T1
A: ADD digits 2, 4, and 5
38
Dorsal interossei
I: deep branch of ulnar n C8-T1
A: ABD digits 2-4 from mid axis of middle finger
39
Brachioradialis
I: radial n C5-7
A: flexes elbow
40
Extensor carpi radialis longus
I: deep branch of radial n C6-7
A: extends and radially deviates wrist
41
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
I: deep branch of radial n (C7-8)
A: extends and radially deviates
42
Extensor digitorum
I: Posterior interosseous n, from radial n C7-8
A: extends digit 2-5 primarily at MCP and secondarily at IP jts
43
Extensor digiti minimi
I: PIN C7-8
A: extends digit 5 primarily at MCP and secondarily at IP jts
44
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
I: PIN C7-C8
A: Extends and ulnarly deviats (also activates during fist clinching)
45
Abductor pollicis longus
I: PIN C7-C8
A: ABD thumb at CMC jt
46
Extensor pollicis longus
I: PIN C7-8
A: extends distal phalanx of thumb (IP jt)
47
Extensor pollicis brevis
I: PIN C7-8
A: extends distal phalanx of thumb (IP jt)
48
Extensor Indicis
I: PIN C7-8
A: extends 2nd digit
49
LE Anterior Compartment Mm
Psoas major
iliacus
sartorius
quadriceps femoris
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus intermedius
- vastus medialis (VMO)
50
Psoas major
I: ventral rami L1-3
A: with iliacus flexes and stabilizes hip
- can also act as an ER of thigh
- stabilizes lumbar spine and increases lumbar lordosis
51
Iliacus
I: femoral (L2-L3)
A: with psoas flexes and stabilizes hip
- also act as ER of thigh
52
Sartorius
I: femoral (L2-3)
A: flexes, ABD, and ER thigh; flexes leg
53
Rectus femoris
N: femoral L2-4
A:
- flex thigh at hip
- extends leg at knee
54
Vastus lateralis
I: femoral L2-L4
A: extends leg at knee
55
Vastus intermedialis
I: femoral L2-4
A: extends leg at knee
56
Vastus medialis (longus)
I: femoral L2-4
A: extends leg at knee
57
Vastus medialis oblique (VMO)
I: femoral n L2-4
A: extends leg at knee
-fibers slope at 50-55 deg medial to femoral shaft and therefore help keep patella tracking appropriately
58
Medial (ADD) Compartment of thigh
Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Adductor minimus (superior portion of adductor magnus)
59
Gracilis
I: Obturator L2-3
A:
-ADD thigh
-flexes and IR knee
60
Pes anserinus
1. Sartorius
2. Gracilis
3. Semi-tendinosus
61
Pectineus
I: femoral (L2-4); sometimes branch of obturator
A: ADD, flexes, and ER thigh
62
Adductor longus
I: Obturator L2-4
A: ADD and assists in flexing thigh
63
Adductor brevis
I: obturator L2-4
A: ADD and helps flex thigh
64
Adductor magnus
I:
- Adductor (upper/deep) part - obturator n L2-4
- HS (lower/superficial part) - tibial division of sciatic n (L4)
65
Adductor minimus
I: Obturator n L2-4
A: ADD thigh; slight flexion
66
Obturator Externus
I: Obturator n L3-4
A: laterally rotates thigh
67
Iliofemoral ligament
"Y ligament of Bigalow"
Located along anterior and superior surface of jt capsuls
** Limits hip extension, ADD, and ER
68
Pubofemoral ligament
Anterior, medial, and inferior part of capsule
** Prevents hyperextension and ABD
69
Ischiofemoral Ligament
Posterior part of capsule
** Prevents hyperextension of the hip, IR, and ADD (when hip is flexed)
70
Gluteus maximus
I: inferior gluteal (L5-S2)
A: extends thigh and assists in ER
71
Gluteus Medius
I: Superior gluteal (L4-S1)
A: ABD and IR thigh
72
Gluteus minimus
I: Superior gluteal (L4-S1)
A: medially rotates and some ABD of thigh
73
Tensor fascia latae
I: Superior gluteal (L3-S1)
A: ABD, medially rotates, and flexes thigh
74
Piriformis
I: branches of ventral rami of S1-2
A: laterally rotates thigh;; ABD flexed thigh
75
Obturator Internus
I: Nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior (L5-S2)
A: Laterally rotates thigh; ABD thigh when flexed
76
Obturator externus
I: Obturator (L3-4)
A: laterally rotates thigh
77
Superior gemellus
I: nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior (L5-S2)
A: laterally rotates thigh
78
Inferior gemellus
I: nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior (L4-S1)
A: laterally rotates thigh
79
Quadratus femoris
I: nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior (L4-S1)
A: laterally rotates thigh
80
Trapezius
I:
- motor fibers: spinal accessory n (CNXI)
- pain and proprioception: C3; C4
A:
- Upper: elevates shoulder; upward rotation of scapula
- middle: Adducts (retract) scapula
- Lower: scapular depression; upward rotation of scapula, scapular ADD
81
Latissimus Dorsi
I: Thoracodorsal N (C6-C7)
A: extends, ADD, and medially rotates humerus
82
Rhomboid major and minor
I: Dorsal scapular n (C4-5)
A: retracts and rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly
83
Levator scapula
I: Dorsal scapular n (C5) and C3-4 spinal nerves
A: elevates and rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity
84
Semitendenosus
I: tibial division of sciatic (L5-S2)
A: flexes leg, extends femur at high, and rotated flexed leg medially
85
Semimembranosus
I: tibial division of sciatic L5-S2
A: flexes leg, extends thigh at hip, and rotates flexed medially
86
Biceps femoris (Long head)
I: tibial division of sciatic L5-S2
A: flexes and laterally rotates flexed leg; extends thigh
87
Biceps femoris (short head)
I: Peroneal division of sciatic (L5-S2)
A: flexes and laterally rotates flexed leg
**Long head extends thigh
88
Popliteus
I: branch of tibial nerve (L4-S1)
A:
- flexes and medially rotates leg
- functionally helps to unlock the extended knee jt.
- knee is WB, it rotates femur laterally on tibia to "unlock" knee jt.
- Open chain, rotates tibia medially to "unlock" extended knee
89
Plantaris
I: tibial n S1-S2
A: weak flexor of leg and PF of foot/ankle
90
Gastrocnemius
I: Tibial n S1-2
A: PF foot; flexes leg and supinates foot
91
Soleus
I: tibial S1-2
A: PF ankle
92
Flexor hallucis longus
I: tibial n L5-S2
A:
- flexes distal phalanx of big toe
- PF and supinates foot
- helps push off during walking and running
93
Tibialis Posterior
I: Tibial n L4-L5
A:
- non-WB: PF, inverts, and ADD foot
- WB: helps distribute weight and maintain balance
94
Flexor Digitorum Longus
I: Tibial L5-S2
A:
- flexes distal phalanges of toes 2-5
- allows them to grip the ground
-PF and supinates foot at ankle jt
95
Peroneus longus (fibularis)
I: superficial peroneal L5-S1
A:
- everts and ABD foot (pronation)
- weak PF
96
Peroneus Brevis (fibularis)
I: superficial peroneal N L5-S1
A:
- evert and ABD foot
- pronates
- PF
97
Tibialis anterior
I: Deep peroneal L4-5
A:
- DF at ankle
- Inverts and ADD (supinates)
98
Extensor hallicus longus
I: deep peroneal L4-5
A:
- extends big boe
- DF and supinates foot
99
Extensor digitorum longus
I: deep peroneal L4-5
A:
- extends toes 2-5
- DF and everts ankle
100
Peroneus tertius
I: deep peroneal L4-5
A: DF and eversion of foot
101
Extensor digitorum brevis
I: deep peroneal L5-S1
A: extends phalanges of toes 2-4
102
Extensor hallucis brevis
I: deep peroneal N (L5-S1)
A: extends proximal phalanx of big toe
103
Abductor digiti minimi
I: lateral plantar (S1-S3)
A: ABD and flexes 5th digit
104
Abductor hallucis
I: medial plantar (S1-2)
A: abducts and flexes great toe
105
Flexor digitorum brevis
I: medial plantar (S1-2)
A: flexes lateral four digits
106
Quadratus plantae
I: lateral plantar (S1-3)
A: assist flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits
107
Lumbrical muscles of foot
I:
- 1st lumbrical: medial plantar
- 2-4th: lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: flex MTP jts and extend IP jts of lateral four digits
108
Flexor hallucis brevis
I:
- medial head: medial plantar S1-2
- lateral head: lateral plantar (S1-2)
A: flexes 1st MTP jt
109
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
I: lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: flexes MTP of 5th digit
110
Adductor hallucis
I: lateral plantar S2-3
A:
- adducts great toe
- assists in maintain transverse arch of foot
111
Dorsal interossei (of foot)
I: lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: ABD digits 2-4 and flexes metatarsophalangeal jt
112
Plantar interossei
I: Lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: ADD digits 3-5 and flexes metatarsophalangeal jts
