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MM actions and innervations Flashcards

1
Q

GHJ motions and innervations

A

Motions:
-flexion/extension
-ABD/ADD
-medial/lateral rotation
Innervation:
-suprascapular, axillary, and lateral pectoral nerves

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2
Q

Anterior GHJ capsule ligaments

A
  1. Superior
  2. Middle
  3. Inferior - consists of anterior band, a posterior band, and an axillary recess
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3
Q

Coracohumeral Ligament

A

Coracoid process - greater and lesser tubercles
Strengthens anterior capsule
Contains rotator cuff interval

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4
Q

Transverse ligament

A

Runs from greater to lesser tubercle
Covers LHB tenson

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5
Q

Coracoacromial Ligament

A

Consists of 2 bands that join near acromion
Provides stability for scapula

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6
Q

Deltoid

A

I: Axillary N (C5-6)
A:
- Anterior - flexes and medially rotates arm
- Middle - ABD arm
- posterior - extends and laterally rotates arm

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7
Q

Teres Major

A

I: Lower subscapular N (C5-C6)
A: ABD and medially rotates arm

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8
Q

Rotator Cuff Mm

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

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9
Q

Supraspinatus

A

I: Suprascapular n (C4,5,6)
A: assist in ABD of arm

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10
Q

Infraspinatus

A

I: Suprascapular n (C5-6)
A: Laterally rotates arm

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11
Q

Teres Minor

A

I: Axillary n (C5-6)
A: Laterally rotates arm

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12
Q

Subscapular

A

I: Upper and lower subscapular n (C5, 6, 7)
A: Medially rotates arm

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13
Q

ACJ

A

I:
- suprascapular n
- axillary n
- lat. pectoral n

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14
Q

SCJ

A

I:
- Medial suprascapular n
- Subclavian n (C5,6,7)
A:
- elevation/depression
- protraction/retraction
-rotation

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15
Q

Pec Major

A

Clavicular head innervation: Medial pectoral n C5-7
Sternocostal head innervation: Medial pectoral n C8-T1
Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral n C5-T1

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16
Q

Subclavius

A

I: Subclavian n C5-6
A: to protect subclavian vessels and superior trunk of brachial plexus if clavicle fx

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17
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

I: Long thoracic n (C5,6,7)
A: Protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall

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18
Q

Brachialis

A

I: Musculocutaneous (c5-6)
A: flexes forearm in all positions

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19
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

I: Musculocutaneous n (C5-6)
A: supinates forearm and flexes forearm when supinated
- long head can contribute to shoulder flexion when elbow extended

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20
Q

Pronator Teres

A

I: median (C6-7)
- pierces this mm to innervate others in anterior compartments of forearm -> can lead to pronator teres syndrome
A: pronates forearm, assists in flexing forearm

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21
Q

Supinator

A

I: deep branch of radial n (C7-8)
A: supinates forearm

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22
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

I: median C6-7
A: flexes and abd hand, assist in flexing forearm

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23
Q

Palmaris longus

A

I: median C7-8
A: flexes hand, assists in flexion of forearm

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24
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

I: median C8, T1
A: flexes middle and proximal phalanges of medial 4 digits, aids in flexing hand and forearm

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25
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A

I: ulnar C7-T1
A: flexes and ADD hand, assists in flexing forearm

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26
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

A

I: medial portion to 4th and 5th digits by ulnar n (C8-T1) and lateral portion to 2ns and 3rd digits by AIN of median n (C8-T1)

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27
Q

Flexor Policis Longus

A

I: anterior interosseous branch of median n C8-T1
A: flexes distal phalanx of thumb and by continued action, flexes proximal phalanx

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28
Q

Pronator quadratus

A

I: AIN C8-T1
A: pronates forearm

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29
Q

Lumbricals

A

I:
- median n: lateral 2 mm
- deep palmar branch of ulnar: medial 2 mm
A:
- flex fingers at metacarpophalangeal jts
- extends fingers at interphalangeal jts

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30
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A

I: recurrent branch of median (C8-T1)
A: ABD thumb at CMC & MCP jts; helps oppose thumb

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31
Q

Opponens Pollicis

A

I: recurrent branch of median (C8-T1)
A: Draws 1st metacarpal bone forward, and medially, opposing

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32
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis

A

I: recurrent branch of median n (C8-T1)
A:
- flexion of MCP of thumb
- assist in ABD of the thumb

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33
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

I: deep branch of ulnar C8-T1
A: ABD 5th finger; assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx

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34
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

I: deep branch of ulnar C8-T1
A: assist in flexion proximal phalanx of 5th finger

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35
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

I: deep branch of ulnar C8-T1
A: draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it bringing it to face thumb (opposition)

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36
Q

Adductor pollicis

A

I: deep branch of ulnar n C8-T1
A: ADD thumb; aids in opposition

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37
Q

Palmar Interossei

A

I: deep branch of ulnar n C8-T1
A: ADD digits 2, 4, and 5

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38
Q

Dorsal interossei

A

I: deep branch of ulnar n C8-T1
A: ABD digits 2-4 from mid axis of middle finger

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39
Q

Brachioradialis

A

I: radial n C5-7
A: flexes elbow

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40
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

I: deep branch of radial n C6-7
A: extends and radially deviates wrist

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41
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

I: deep branch of radial n (C7-8)
A: extends and radially deviates

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42
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

I: Posterior interosseous n, from radial n C7-8
A: extends digit 2-5 primarily at MCP and secondarily at IP jts

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43
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

A

I: PIN C7-8
A: extends digit 5 primarily at MCP and secondarily at IP jts

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44
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

I: PIN C7-C8
A: Extends and ulnarly deviats (also activates during fist clinching)

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45
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

I: PIN C7-C8
A: ABD thumb at CMC jt

46
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

I: PIN C7-8
A: extends distal phalanx of thumb (IP jt)

47
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A

I: PIN C7-8
A: extends distal phalanx of thumb (IP jt)

48
Q

Extensor Indicis

A

I: PIN C7-8
A: extends 2nd digit

49
Q

LE Anterior Compartment Mm

A

Psoas major
iliacus
sartorius
quadriceps femoris
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus intermedius
- vastus medialis (VMO)

50
Q

Psoas major

A

I: ventral rami L1-3
A: with iliacus flexes and stabilizes hip
- can also act as an ER of thigh
- stabilizes lumbar spine and increases lumbar lordosis

51
Q

Iliacus

A

I: femoral (L2-L3)
A: with psoas flexes and stabilizes hip
- also act as ER of thigh

52
Q

Sartorius

A

I: femoral (L2-3)
A: flexes, ABD, and ER thigh; flexes leg

53
Q

Rectus femoris

A

N: femoral L2-4
A:
- flex thigh at hip
- extends leg at knee

54
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

I: femoral L2-L4
A: extends leg at knee

55
Q

Vastus intermedialis

A

I: femoral L2-4
A: extends leg at knee

56
Q

Vastus medialis (longus)

A

I: femoral L2-4
A: extends leg at knee

57
Q

Vastus medialis oblique (VMO)

A

I: femoral n L2-4
A: extends leg at knee
-fibers slope at 50-55 deg medial to femoral shaft and therefore help keep patella tracking appropriately

58
Q

Medial (ADD) Compartment of thigh

A

Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Adductor minimus (superior portion of adductor magnus)

59
Q

Gracilis

A

I: Obturator L2-3
A:
-ADD thigh
-flexes and IR knee

60
Q

Pes anserinus

A
  1. Sartorius
  2. Gracilis
  3. Semi-tendinosus
61
Q

Pectineus

A

I: femoral (L2-4); sometimes branch of obturator
A: ADD, flexes, and ER thigh

62
Q

Adductor longus

A

I: Obturator L2-4
A: ADD and assists in flexing thigh

63
Q

Adductor brevis

A

I: obturator L2-4
A: ADD and helps flex thigh

64
Q

Adductor magnus

A

I:
- Adductor (upper/deep) part - obturator n L2-4
- HS (lower/superficial part) - tibial division of sciatic n (L4)

65
Q

Adductor minimus

A

I: Obturator n L2-4
A: ADD thigh; slight flexion

66
Q

Obturator Externus

A

I: Obturator n L3-4
A: laterally rotates thigh

67
Q

Iliofemoral ligament

A

“Y ligament of Bigalow”
Located along anterior and superior surface of jt capsuls
** Limits hip extension, ADD, and ER

68
Q

Pubofemoral ligament

A

Anterior, medial, and inferior part of capsule
** Prevents hyperextension and ABD

69
Q

Ischiofemoral Ligament

A

Posterior part of capsule
** Prevents hyperextension of the hip, IR, and ADD (when hip is flexed)

70
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

I: inferior gluteal (L5-S2)
A: extends thigh and assists in ER

71
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

I: Superior gluteal (L4-S1)
A: ABD and IR thigh

72
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

I: Superior gluteal (L4-S1)
A: medially rotates and some ABD of thigh

73
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A

I: Superior gluteal (L3-S1)
A: ABD, medially rotates, and flexes thigh

74
Q

Piriformis

A

I: branches of ventral rami of S1-2
A: laterally rotates thigh;; ABD flexed thigh

75
Q

Obturator Internus

A

I: Nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior (L5-S2)
A: Laterally rotates thigh; ABD thigh when flexed

76
Q

Obturator externus

A

I: Obturator (L3-4)
A: laterally rotates thigh

77
Q

Superior gemellus

A

I: nerve to obturator internus and gemellus superior (L5-S2)
A: laterally rotates thigh

78
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

I: nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior (L4-S1)
A: laterally rotates thigh

79
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

I: nerve to quadratus femoris and gemellus inferior (L4-S1)
A: laterally rotates thigh

80
Q

Trapezius

A

I:
- motor fibers: spinal accessory n (CNXI)
- pain and proprioception: C3; C4
A:
- Upper: elevates shoulder; upward rotation of scapula
- middle: Adducts (retract) scapula
- Lower: scapular depression; upward rotation of scapula, scapular ADD

81
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

I: Thoracodorsal N (C6-C7)
A: extends, ADD, and medially rotates humerus

82
Q

Rhomboid major and minor

A

I: Dorsal scapular n (C4-5)
A: retracts and rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly

83
Q

Levator scapula

A

I: Dorsal scapular n (C5) and C3-4 spinal nerves
A: elevates and rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity

84
Q

Semitendenosus

A

I: tibial division of sciatic (L5-S2)
A: flexes leg, extends femur at high, and rotated flexed leg medially

85
Q

Semimembranosus

A

I: tibial division of sciatic L5-S2
A: flexes leg, extends thigh at hip, and rotates flexed medially

86
Q

Biceps femoris (Long head)

A

I: tibial division of sciatic L5-S2
A: flexes and laterally rotates flexed leg; extends thigh

87
Q

Biceps femoris (short head)

A

I: Peroneal division of sciatic (L5-S2)
A: flexes and laterally rotates flexed leg
**Long head extends thigh

88
Q

Popliteus

A

I: branch of tibial nerve (L4-S1)
A:
- flexes and medially rotates leg
- functionally helps to unlock the extended knee jt.
- knee is WB, it rotates femur laterally on tibia to “unlock” knee jt.
- Open chain, rotates tibia medially to “unlock” extended knee

89
Q

Plantaris

A

I: tibial n S1-S2
A: weak flexor of leg and PF of foot/ankle

90
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

I: Tibial n S1-2
A: PF foot; flexes leg and supinates foot

91
Q

Soleus

A

I: tibial S1-2
A: PF ankle

92
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

I: tibial n L5-S2
A:
- flexes distal phalanx of big toe
- PF and supinates foot
- helps push off during walking and running

93
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

I: Tibial n L4-L5
A:
- non-WB: PF, inverts, and ADD foot
- WB: helps distribute weight and maintain balance

94
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

I: Tibial L5-S2
A:
- flexes distal phalanges of toes 2-5
- allows them to grip the ground
-PF and supinates foot at ankle jt

95
Q

Peroneus longus (fibularis)

A

I: superficial peroneal L5-S1
A:
- everts and ABD foot (pronation)
- weak PF

96
Q

Peroneus Brevis (fibularis)

A

I: superficial peroneal N L5-S1
A:
- evert and ABD foot
- pronates
- PF

97
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

I: Deep peroneal L4-5
A:
- DF at ankle
- Inverts and ADD (supinates)

98
Q

Extensor hallicus longus

A

I: deep peroneal L4-5
A:
- extends big boe
- DF and supinates foot

99
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A

I: deep peroneal L4-5
A:
- extends toes 2-5
- DF and everts ankle

100
Q

Peroneus tertius

A

I: deep peroneal L4-5
A: DF and eversion of foot

101
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

I: deep peroneal L5-S1
A: extends phalanges of toes 2-4

102
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

I: deep peroneal N (L5-S1)
A: extends proximal phalanx of big toe

103
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

I: lateral plantar (S1-S3)
A: ABD and flexes 5th digit

104
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

I: medial plantar (S1-2)
A: abducts and flexes great toe

105
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

I: medial plantar (S1-2)
A: flexes lateral four digits

106
Q

Quadratus plantae

A

I: lateral plantar (S1-3)
A: assist flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits

107
Q

Lumbrical muscles of foot

A

I:
- 1st lumbrical: medial plantar
- 2-4th: lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: flex MTP jts and extend IP jts of lateral four digits

108
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

I:
- medial head: medial plantar S1-2
- lateral head: lateral plantar (S1-2)
A: flexes 1st MTP jt

109
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

I: lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: flexes MTP of 5th digit

110
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

I: lateral plantar S2-3
A:
- adducts great toe
- assists in maintain transverse arch of foot

111
Q

Dorsal interossei (of foot)

A

I: lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: ABD digits 2-4 and flexes metatarsophalangeal jt

112
Q

Plantar interossei

A

I: Lateral plantar (S2-3)
A: ADD digits 3-5 and flexes metatarsophalangeal jts

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