MSK - Shoulder and Elbow Joint Flashcards
What is the classification of the shoulder joint?
Ball and socket
What are the FIVE movements of the shoulder joint?
- Extension of upper limb backwards in sagittal plane
- Flexion of upper limb forwards in sagittal plane
- Abduction of upper limb away from the midline in the coronal plane
- Adduction of upper limb towards the midline in the coronal plane
- Medial and lateral rotation of the upper limb
What contributes to the stability of the shoulder joint?
- Rotator cuff muscles
- Glenoid labrum
- Ligaments that form the coraco-acromial arch
Name the FOUR rotator cuff muscles
- Teres minor
- Infraspinatus
- Supraspinatus
- Subscapularis
What is the glenoid labrum?
A fibrocartilaginous rim that attaches around the glenoid fossa which makes the socket deeper therefore increasing stability
What is the most prevalent injury to the shoulder joint?
The joint becomes dislocated anteriorly due to excessive extension and lateral rotation of the humerus
What is an implication of an anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint?
- Can cause damage to the axillary nerve
- Paralyses deltoid
- Loss of sensation to the regimental badge
What is the classification of the elbow joint?
Hinge Joint
What are the movements of the elbow joint?
- Extension of the forearm
- Flexion of the forearm
What contributes to the stability of the elbow joint?
- Enclosed in a capsule
- Radial collateral ligament (runs from lateral epicondyle to anular ligament
Name TWO common injuries to the elbow joint
- Dislocation (common in children)
- Epicondylitis (tennis/golfers elbow)
How can the elbow joint become dislocated? What happens as a result
- Fall on hand when elbow is flexed
- Drives distal end of the humerus through the anterior side of the joint capsule
How is epicondylitis caused? How do tennis elbow and golfers elbow differ?
- Inflammation of common tendonous origin due to overuse
- Tennis = lateral
- Gold = Medial
