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ESA 2 > MSK - Muscles of the hand > Flashcards

MSK - Muscles of the hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the extrinsic hand muscles located? What do they control?

A
  • Anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm

- Control crude moments and produce a forceful grip

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2
Q

Where are the intrinsic hand muscles located? What do they control?

A
  • Located within the actual hand

- Control fine motor movements

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3
Q

Name the THREE thenar muscles. What are they responsible for?

A
  • Opponens Pollicis
  • Abductor Pollicis Brevis
  • Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Responsible for movements of the thumb

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4
Q

What is the thenar eminence?

A

The bulge produced by the muscle bellies of the three thenar muscles

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5
Q

Which nerve innervates the thenar muscles?

A

Median nerve

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6
Q

What is the origin of opponens pollicis?

A
  • Tubercule of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum
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7
Q

Where does opponens pollicis insert?

A

Lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

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8
Q

What are the actions of opponens pollicis?

A
  • Opposition of the thumb

medially rotates and flexes the metacarpal on the trapezium

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9
Q

Where is opponens pollicis found?

A
  • Deep to abductor pollicis brevis

- Lateral to flexor pollicis brevis

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10
Q

What is the origin of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Tubercules of scaphoid and trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

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11
Q

Where does abductor pollicis brevis insert?

A

Lateral side of proximal phalanx

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12
Q

What are the actions of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abduction of the thumb

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13
Q

What is the origin of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Tubercle of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

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14
Q

Where does flexor pollicis brevis insert?

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

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15
Q

What are the actions of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

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16
Q

What is the arterial supply to the thenar muscles?

A

Superficial palmar arch

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17
Q

What are the THREE hypothenar muscles? What do they produce?

A
  • Opponens Digiti Minimi
  • Abductor Digiti Minimi
  • Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Produce the hypothenar eminence - muscle bulge on medial palm, at the base of 5th digit

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18
Q

What is the origin of opponens digiti minimi?

A

Hook of the hamate and its associated flexor retinaculum

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19
Q

Where does opponens digiti minimi insert?

A

Medial margin of the 5th metacarpal

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20
Q

What are the actions of opponens digiti minimi?

A
  • Opposition of the little finger

rotates 5th metacarpal towards the palm

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21
Q

What is the origin of abductor digiti minimi?

A
  • Pisiform

- Tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

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22
Q

Where does abductor digiti minimi insert?

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

23
Q

What are the actions of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abduction of the 5th digit

24
Q

What is the origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Hook of the hamate and the adjacent flexor retinaculum

25
Where does flexor digiti minimi brevis insert?
Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
26
What are the actions of flexor digiti minimi brevis?
Flexion of the MCP joint of the little finger
27
Which nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles?
Ulnar nerve
28
What is the arterial supply of the hypothenar muscles?
Ulnar artery
29
How many lumbrical muscles are there? Which are unipennate and which are bipennate?
- 4, each associated with a finger - 1 and 2 = unipennate (tendon on one side) - 3 and 4 = bipennate (muscle on both sides of a tendon)
30
Where do the lumbricals originate?
Each come from a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus
31
Where do the lumbricals insert?
Extensor hood of each finger | after passing around dorsally and laterally
32
What is the innervation of the lumbricals?
- Medial two (4th and 5th digits) = ulnar nerve | - Lateral two (2nd and 3rd digits) = median nerve
33
What is the arterial supply of the lumbricals?
- Superficial palmar arch - Common palmar digital artery - Deep palmar arch - Dorsal digital artery
34
What are the actions of the lumbricals?
- Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints | - Extension of the interphalangeal joints
35
Where are the interossei muscles located?
Between the metacarpals
36
What is the origin of the dorsal interossei muscles?
Each one originates from the lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals
37
Where do the dorsal interossei muscles insert?
- The extensor hood of their corresponding finger | - The proximal phalanx of their corresponding finger
38
What innervates the interossei muscles?
Ulnar nerve
39
What is the arterial supply of the dorsal interossei muscles?
Dorsal and metacarpal palmar artery
40
What are the actions of the dorsal interossei muscles?
- Abduction of the fingers at the MCP joints | - Assist lumbricals with flexion of MCP joints and extension of IP joints
41
What are the origins of the palmar interossei muscles?
Medial OR lateral surface of a metacarpal
42
Where do the palmar interossei muscles insert?
The extensor hood and proximal phalanx of their corresponding finger
43
What is the arterial supply of the palmar interossei muscles?
Palmar metacarpal artery of the deep palmar arch
44
What is the action of the palmar interossei muscles?
- Adduction of the fingers at the MCP joint | - Assist lumbricals with flexion of MCP joints and extension of IP joints
45
What is the origin of palmaris brevis?
Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
46
Where does palmaris brevis insert?
Dermis of the skin on the medial margin of the hand
47
What is the innervation of palmaris brevis?
Ulnar nerve
48
What is the arterial supply of palmaris brevis?
Palmar metacarpal artery
49
What are the actions of palmaris brevis?
- Wrinkles skin of hypothenar eminence - Deepens curvature of the hand (Improves grip)
50
What is the origin of ambdductor pollicis?
- One head = metacarpal 3 - Other head = capitate (along with adjacent areas of metacarpal 2&3)
51
Where does adductor pollicis insert?
Proximal phalanx of the thumb
52
What is the innervation of adductor pollicis?
Ulnar nerve
53
What is the arterial supply of adductor pollicis?
Deep palmar arch
54
What are the actions of adductor pollicis?
Adduction of the thumb

ESA 2 (63 decks)

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