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ESA 2 > MSK - Muscles of the hand > Flashcards

MSK - Muscles of the hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the extrinsic hand muscles located? What do they control?

A
  • Anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm

- Control crude moments and produce a forceful grip

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2
Q

Where are the intrinsic hand muscles located? What do they control?

A
  • Located within the actual hand

- Control fine motor movements

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3
Q

Name the THREE thenar muscles. What are they responsible for?

A
  • Opponens Pollicis
  • Abductor Pollicis Brevis
  • Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Responsible for movements of the thumb

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4
Q

What is the thenar eminence?

A

The bulge produced by the muscle bellies of the three thenar muscles

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5
Q

Which nerve innervates the thenar muscles?

A

Median nerve

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6
Q

What is the origin of opponens pollicis?

A
  • Tubercule of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum
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7
Q

Where does opponens pollicis insert?

A

Lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

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8
Q

What are the actions of opponens pollicis?

A
  • Opposition of the thumb

medially rotates and flexes the metacarpal on the trapezium

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9
Q

Where is opponens pollicis found?

A
  • Deep to abductor pollicis brevis

- Lateral to flexor pollicis brevis

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10
Q

What is the origin of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Tubercules of scaphoid and trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

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11
Q

Where does abductor pollicis brevis insert?

A

Lateral side of proximal phalanx

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12
Q

What are the actions of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abduction of the thumb

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13
Q

What is the origin of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Tubercle of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

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14
Q

Where does flexor pollicis brevis insert?

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

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15
Q

What are the actions of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

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16
Q

What is the arterial supply to the thenar muscles?

A

Superficial palmar arch

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17
Q

What are the THREE hypothenar muscles? What do they produce?

A
  • Opponens Digiti Minimi
  • Abductor Digiti Minimi
  • Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Produce the hypothenar eminence - muscle bulge on medial palm, at the base of 5th digit

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18
Q

What is the origin of opponens digiti minimi?

A

Hook of the hamate and its associated flexor retinaculum

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19
Q

Where does opponens digiti minimi insert?

A

Medial margin of the 5th metacarpal

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20
Q

What are the actions of opponens digiti minimi?

A
  • Opposition of the little finger

rotates 5th metacarpal towards the palm

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21
Q

What is the origin of abductor digiti minimi?

A
  • Pisiform

- Tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

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22
Q

Where does abductor digiti minimi insert?

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

23
Q

What are the actions of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abduction of the 5th digit

24
Q

What is the origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Hook of the hamate and the adjacent flexor retinaculum

25
Q

Where does flexor digiti minimi brevis insert?

A

Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

26
Q

What are the actions of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flexion of the MCP joint of the little finger

27
Q

Which nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles?

A

Ulnar nerve

28
Q

What is the arterial supply of the hypothenar muscles?

A

Ulnar artery

29
Q

How many lumbrical muscles are there? Which are unipennate and which are bipennate?

A
  • 4, each associated with a finger
  • 1 and 2 = unipennate (tendon on one side)
  • 3 and 4 = bipennate (muscle on both sides of a tendon)
30
Q

Where do the lumbricals originate?

A

Each come from a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

31
Q

Where do the lumbricals insert?

A

Extensor hood of each finger

after passing around dorsally and laterally

32
Q

What is the innervation of the lumbricals?

A
  • Medial two (4th and 5th digits) = ulnar nerve

- Lateral two (2nd and 3rd digits) = median nerve

33
Q

What is the arterial supply of the lumbricals?

A
  • Superficial palmar arch
  • Common palmar digital artery
  • Deep palmar arch
  • Dorsal digital artery
34
Q

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

A
  • Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints

- Extension of the interphalangeal joints

35
Q

Where are the interossei muscles located?

A

Between the metacarpals

36
Q

What is the origin of the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

Each one originates from the lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals

37
Q

Where do the dorsal interossei muscles insert?

A
  • The extensor hood of their corresponding finger

- The proximal phalanx of their corresponding finger

38
Q

What innervates the interossei muscles?

A

Ulnar nerve

39
Q

What is the arterial supply of the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

Dorsal and metacarpal palmar artery

40
Q

What are the actions of the dorsal interossei muscles?

A
  • Abduction of the fingers at the MCP joints

- Assist lumbricals with flexion of MCP joints and extension of IP joints

41
Q

What are the origins of the palmar interossei muscles?

A

Medial OR lateral surface of a metacarpal

42
Q

Where do the palmar interossei muscles insert?

A

The extensor hood and proximal phalanx of their corresponding finger

43
Q

What is the arterial supply of the palmar interossei muscles?

A

Palmar metacarpal artery of the deep palmar arch

44
Q

What is the action of the palmar interossei muscles?

A
  • Adduction of the fingers at the MCP joint

- Assist lumbricals with flexion of MCP joints and extension of IP joints

45
Q

What is the origin of palmaris brevis?

A

Palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

46
Q

Where does palmaris brevis insert?

A

Dermis of the skin on the medial margin of the hand

47
Q

What is the innervation of palmaris brevis?

A

Ulnar nerve

48
Q

What is the arterial supply of palmaris brevis?

A

Palmar metacarpal artery

49
Q

What are the actions of palmaris brevis?

A
  • Wrinkles skin of hypothenar eminence
  • Deepens curvature of the hand

(Improves grip)

50
Q

What is the origin of ambdductor pollicis?

A
  • One head = metacarpal 3
  • Other head = capitate

(along with adjacent areas of metacarpal 2&3)

51
Q

Where does adductor pollicis insert?

A

Proximal phalanx of the thumb

52
Q

What is the innervation of adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

53
Q

What is the arterial supply of adductor pollicis?

A

Deep palmar arch

54
Q

What are the actions of adductor pollicis?

A

Adduction of the thumb

ESA 2 (63 decks)

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